Vein grown from stem cells saves 10-yr-old girl
(Reuters) / 16 June 2012
Doctors in Sweden have replaced a vital blocked blood vessel in a 10-year-old girl using the first vein grown in a lab from a patients own stem cells.
The successful transplant operation, reported online in The Lancet medical journal, marks a further advance in the search for ways to make new body parts.
It could open the door to stem cell-based grafts for heart bypass and dialysis patients who lack suitable blood vessels for replacement surgery, and the Swedish team said it is now working with an undisclosed company to commercialise the process.
Im very optimistic that in the near future we will be able to get both arteries and veins transplanted on a large scale, said Suchitra Sumitran-Holgersson, professor of transplantation biology at the University of Gothenburg, and a member of the team that performed the operation in March 2011. The advantage of using tissue grown from a patients own cells is that there is no risk of organ rejection and hence no need for lifelong immunosuppressive drugs.
Four years ago, a 30-year-old woman received the worlds first transplant of a tailor-made windpipe, grown in a similar way by seeding a stripped-down donor organ with her own stem cells. Other such trachea operations have followed since.
The latest case involved a young girl with an obstructed hepatic portal vein, which drains blood from the intestines and spleen to the liver. Its blockage can be fatal.
The team from the University of Gothenburg took a 9cm section of groin vein from a deceased donor and removed all the living cells, leaving just a protein scaffold tube. Stem cells extracted from the girls bone marrow were then injected onto the tube and two weeks later the graft was implanted. The new blood vessel immediately restored normal blood flow, the doctors said, although after a year it narrowed and a second stem cell-based graft was needed. Martin Birchall and George Hamilton of University College London said in a commentary in The Lancet that the Swedish doctors had spared the young girl the trauma of having veins harvested from deep in her neck or leg and avoided the need for a liver transplant.
But they cautioned the technique now needed to be tested in clinical trials and developed into a straightforward quality-controlled production process.