StemCell Therapy

Sometimes kids trip and fall, and their teeth take the hit. Nearly half of children suffer some injury to a tooth during childhood. When that trauma affects an immature permanent tooth, it can hinder blood supply and root development, resulting in what is essentially a dead tooth.

Until now, the standard of care has entailed a procedure called apexification that encourages further root development, but it does not replace the lost tissue from the injury and, even in a best-case scenario, causes root development to proceed abnormally.

New results of a clinical trial, jointly led by Songtao Shi of the University of Pennsylvania and Yan Jin, Kun Xuan, and Bei Li of the Fourth Military Medicine University in Xian, China, suggest that there is a more promising path for children with these types of injuries: using stem cells extracted from the patients baby teeth. The work was published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

This treatment gives patients sensation back in their teeth. If you give them a warm or cold stimulation, they can feel it; they have living teeth again, says Shi, professor and chair in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology in Penns School of Dental Medicine. So far we have follow-up data for two, two and a half, even three years, and have shown its a safe and effective therapy.

Shi has been working for a decade to test the possibilities of dental stem cells after discovering them in his daughters baby tooth. He and colleagues have learned more about how these dental stem cells, officially called human deciduous pulp stem cells (hDPSC), work, and how they could be safely employed to regrow dental tissue, known as pulp.

The Phase 1trial was conducted in China, which has a research track for clinical trials.The 40 children enrolled had each injured one of their permanent incisors, and still had baby teeth. Thirty were assigned to hDPSC treatment and 10 to the control treatment, apexification.

Those whoreceived hDPSC treatment had tissue extracted from a healthy baby tooth. The stem cells from this pulp were allowed to reproduce in a laboratory culture, and the resulting cells were implanted into the injured tooth.

Upon follow-up, the researchers found that patients who received hDPSCs had more signs than the control group of healthy root development and thicker dentin, the hard part of a tooth beneath the enamel, as well as increased blood flow.

At the time the patients were initially seen, all had little sensation in the tissue of their injured teeth. A year following the procedure, only those who received hDPSCs had regained some sensation. Examining a variety of immune-system components, the team found no evidence of safety concerns.

As further support of the treatments efficacy, the researchers had the opportunity to directly examine the tissue of a treated tooth when the patient re-injured it, and had to have it extracted. They found that the implanted stem cells regenerated different components of dental pulp, including the cells that produce dentin, connective tissue, and blood vessels.

For me, the results are very exciting, Shi says. To see something we discovered take a step forward to potentially become a routine therapy in the clinic is gratifying.

It is, however, just a first step. While using a patients own stem cells reduces the chances of immune rejection, its not possible in adult patients who have lost all of their baby teeth. Shi and colleagues are beginning to test the use of allogenic stem cells, or cells donated from another person, to regenerate dental tissue in adults. They are also hoping to secure FDA approval to conduct clinical trials using hDPSCs in the United States.

Eventually, they see even broader applications of hDPSCs for treating systemic disease, such as lupus, which Shi has worked on before.

Were really eager to see what we can do in the dental field, Shi says, and then building on that to open up channels for systemic disease therapy.

The research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, the NaturalScience Foundation of China and a pilot grant from Penn Dental Medicine.

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Regrowing dental tissue with stem cells from baby teeth ...

Have you ever put on a blindfold and pretended that you couldn't see? You probably bumped into things and got confused about which way you were going. But if you had to, you could get adjusted and learn to live without your sight.

Lots of people have done just that. They have found ways to learn, play, and work, even though they have trouble seeing or can't see at all.

Your eyes and your brain work together to see. The eye is made up of many different parts, including the cornea, iris, lens, and retina. These parts all work together to focus on light and images. Your eyes then use special nerves to send what you see to your brain, so your brain can process and recognize what you're seeing. In eyes that work correctly, this process happens almost instantly.

When this doesn't work the way it should, a person may be visually impaired, or blind. The problem may affect one eye or both eyes.

When you think of being blind, you might imagine total darkness. But most people who are blind can still see a little light or shadows. They just can't see things clearly. People who have some sight, but still need a lot of help, are sometimes called "legally blind."

Vision problems can develop before a baby is born. Sometimes, parts of the eyes don't form the way they should. A kid's eyes might look fine, but the brain has trouble processing the information they send. The optic nerve sends pictures to the brain, so if the nerve doesn't form correctly, the baby's brain won't receive the messages needed for sight.

Blindness can be genetic (or inherited), which means that this problem gets passed down to a kid from parents through genes.

Blindness also can be caused by an accident, if something hurts the eye. That's why it's so important to protect your eyes when you play certain sports, such as hockey.

Some illnesses, such as diabetes, can damage a person's vision over time. Other eye diseases, such as cataracts (say: KAH-tuh-rakts), can cause vision problems or blindness, but they usually affect older people.

A kid who has serious trouble with vision might see an ophthalmologist (say: af-thal-MAH-luh-jist), a doctor who specializes in eye problems. Even babies might see an ophthalmologist if their parents think they might be having trouble seeing.

At the doctor visit, the doctor will talk with the parents and the kid (if the kid is old enough to describe what's going on). A doctor might use an eye chart to find out how well the kid can see. You've probably seen these charts that contain letters of different sizes. It's a way of testing how well a person can see. Someone with really good vision would be able to read certain letters from 20 feet (6 meters) away.

Eyesight this good is called 20/20 vision, although some people can see even better than that. The numbers change depending on how clearly a person can see. The larger or closer something needs to be in order for it to be seen, the worse a person's vision is.

Many times, glasses or contact lenses are all that's needed to help kids see better. But if glasses and contact lenses can't make someone's vision any better and the person needs to get really close to something to see it he or she may be considered blind. For instance, someone with good vision might be able to see an object from 200 feet (61 meters) away, but someone is considered blind if he or she needs to be 20 feet (6 meters) away to see the same object.

Babies and little kids won't be able to use the eye chart, but doctors can check their vision by doing special vision tests or something as simple as putting a toy in front of the child to see if he or she can focus on it.

The ophthalmologist also will examine the kid's eyes using special medication and lighting that allows him or her to see into the eyeballs. The ophthalmologist will look at each part of the eye to check for problems, such as a cataract (cloudiness of the eye's lens). Once the doctor knows what's causing the vision problem, he or she can begin planning how to treat it.

In some cases, an operation can help improve a kid's vision. For example, if a kid has a cataract, doctors may do surgery to remove it.

A baby who is blind can still learn and develop normally. But the baby's parents will need the help of specialists who know how to help blind children. It's often a great idea for the child to attend special learning programs designed just for little kids who have trouble seeing. These programs would make the most of the senses that the kid does have, such as touch, hearing, smell, and taste.

Touch comes in handy when a child is older and wants to read books. Kids who are visually impaired can learn to read by using a special system called braille. Braille is a way of expressing letters, words, and thoughts. To read braille, a person feels a series of little bumps that are associated with letters in the alphabet. For instance, "A" is represented as one bump. Computer programs and other devices that can "see" turn the words on a page into braille.

Hearing is another important sense if a kid has vision problems. Some devices can read out loud what's written on a page. With special equipment, a visually impaired kid can read almost anything. These kinds of technologies can be helpful in learning. Kids who are blind might attend a special school, or they might attend regular classes, aided by special devices and specialists.

Kids who have vision problems will get help from their parents, doctors, and teachers. When they are older, some of them may get a hand or should we say a paw? from a guide dog. These helper dogs are trained to be a blind person's eyes. That means the dog learns to be very alert to surroundings so he or she can be a good guide for the person.

Not only are these dogs great friends, they give blind people independence, so they can accomplish what they want to accomplish.

Many blind people have gone on to do amazing things in many different fields, including music, the arts, and even sports. Serious vision problems didn't stop runner Marla Runyan. She was the first legally blind person to ever qualify for the Olympics!

Date reviewed: September 2016

Read the rest here:
Blindness - kidshealth.org

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Zhu H, Belcher M and van der Harst P (2011) Healthy aging and disease: role for telomere biology? Clinical Science 120: 427440.

Read this article:
Genetics and Genomics of Human Longevity

His groundbreaking work has changed the very ways we consider our health and examine disease. (President Barack Obama)

The future of customized medicine is in your DNA; dont wait until you are sick to learn why. (Dr. Mehmet Oz, author of You: The Owner's Manual)

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Mans knowledge of man is undergoing the greatest revolution since Leonardo, and Francis Collins is at the leading edge of it. I am a better doctor today because Dr. Collins was my genetics professor in medical school, and now, the world gets to benefit from his wisdom by reading The Language of Life. (Dr. Sanjay Gupta, Neurosurgeon at Emory University and Chief Medical Correspondent for CNN)

Link:
The Language of Life: DNA and the Revolution in ...

Regenerative medicine allows the application of experimental therapies using adult stem cells to treat various diseases that so far have been incurable. This branch of medicine has been promoted by the knowledge that stem cells have the ability to become cells of different tissue that the body uses for self-repair. Scientific research has shown that these cells have the potential to regenerate organs and other body tissue.

In 2014, Costa Rica enacted the Biomedical Research Statute, No. 9234, after a drawn-out period of uncertainty for the medical community that had left the country deprived of the gains from foreign and local investment and the subsequent benefits for patients that comes from medical research. Today, the country is benefiting from a rising market of companies and individuals seeking to move their clinical trials to Costa Rica as a result of the business-oriented provisions contained within the statute, as well as the support of local authorities.

One of the flaws of the statute was its omission of the application of regenerative therapies using adult stem cells. The Costa Rican Secretary of Health had considered that under the provisions of the statute these regenerative therapies were illegal.

However, aware of the current developments in science and the benefits of regenerative therapies, the Costa Rican President and the Secretary of Health secured a decisive political victory at the end of 2016 by implementing Regulation No. 39986 on the Authorization for Regenerative Therapy Using Adult Stem Cells. This resulted in a dramatic shift in public health policies coming from a nation that banned in-vitro fertilisation for more than a decade and declared that clinical trials were against the Constitution for several years.

Formal requirements

Under the new section 2, the regulation provides that no official authorisation is required for transplants of progenitor cells obtained from peripheral blood or transplants of haematopoietic cells obtained from umbilical cord blood when they are indicated for treatment of acute myeloid or lymphoid leukaemia, chronic lymphoblastic or myeloid leukaemia, Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma as the more frequent causes or to a lesser degree for severe aplastic anaemia, nocturnal paroxysmal haemoglobinuria, immune system diseases, some haemoglobinopathies, hereditary metabolic diseases, as well as multiple myeloma and some solid tumours.

"It is of utmost importance to encourage sponsors and all parties managing the investigation and application of therapies to comply with all applicable rules and standards."

Moreover, therapies are subject to authorisation where the stem cells are exposed to more than minimal manipulation. The regulation follows the standards of science in section 1 providing that minimal manipulation entails processing that does not alter the relevant biological cell characteristics and includes nonproliferation conditions.

On the other hand, more than minimal manipulation involves processing that alters the relevant biological cell characteristics, such as when adult stem cells are subject to expansion during the cell cultivation and storage steps and in the nutrition, simulation, or intervention processes.

In both scenarios, any party interested in obtaining authorisation to implement therapies for regenerative purposes must submit an application in writing to the local Health Controller attaching formal requirements that include:

(i) Evidence that the therapy has completed preclinical studies that, as in the case of medications, demonstrate that they are effective and safe for use in clinical practice;

(ii) The complete characterisation of the cell types that will be transplanted and their characteristics, cellular processing and production;

(iii) The description of the cells and how they will be administered, including assistive drugs, agents, and surgical procedures;

(iv) A clinical follow-up plan and data records to ensure that the cellular therapy is effective and has no adverse effects; and

(v) Credentials substantiating training in stem cell therapy for the staff who will carry out the procedure.

If requirement (i) is not met, the procedure must be performed using a research protocol as set forth in the statute mentioned previously.

Before the new regulation was implemented, the criterion of the Secretary of Health was that all types of regenerative therapies were subject to the investigational protocol, leaving the country unattractive for patients and practitioners enthusiastic to apply therapies that are effective and safe for use in clinical practice.

Clinical research and regenerative therapies are an essential part of the approval of new drugs and human health findings. A comprehensive legal framework encourages the science and technology sector to invest in the country. It is of utmost importance to encourage sponsors and all parties managing the investigation and application of therapies to comply with all applicable rules and standards, without disregarding the importance of the protection of a patients rights.

Mara del Pilar Lpez is a partner at Zrcher Lawyers. She handles all aspects of IP practice, assisting companies with strategic portfolio development and management, counselling on the registration of rights, enforcement policies, advertisement and promotion of innovations. Lpez has established a life sciences and data privacy practice in order to comply with clients demands in these areas. She can be contacted at: plopez@zurcherip.com

Esteban Monge is an attorney at Zrcher Lawyers. He provides advice on a variety of areas of IP law, including counselling on aspects such as product development and testing, advertisement, regulatory compliance and enforcement strategies. He can be contacted at: emonge@zurcherip.com

Mara del Pilar Lpez, Esteban Monge, Zrcher Lawyers, stem cells, Costa Rica, medical research, , manipulation

Link:
Stem cells in Costa Rica: a boost for medical research

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Preventive Medicine Anti Aging and Chelation Therapy

1. I. Cataract

Causes of Cataract

Global / National distribution & population characteristics of Cataract

Diagnosis of cataract. Distinction between immature, mature and hypermature.

Appropriate referral of cataract patient

Outline of surgical management

Visual rehabilitation of Aphakia

Outline of cataract management in young age

Ectopia Lentis (Subluxation & Dislocation)

Lenticonus

Derived from surface Ectoderm overlying the optic vesicle.

Ectoderm invaginates and break from surface as two layer structure

Basement membrane of epithelium, which is now on the outer side, forms the lens capsule.

Posterior epithelium cells expand to form the embryonic nucleus.

Anterior epithelium continues to regenerate and develop lens fibers throughout life. These fibers continue to get deposited inwards making earliest fibers the deepest.

A globular structure lies behind the iris and in a concavity in the anterior face of vitreous called the Patellar Fossa.

Suspended from the ciliary processes by Zonules

In young patients (< 35 years) lens is adherent to vitreous by Ligament of Weigert.

Layers(from without inwards):

Adult

Adolescent

Infantile

Fetal (contains anterior & posterior Y-sutures)

Embryonic

Epitheliumdivides most actively in the periphery and differentiates in the lens fibers.

Functions:

Metabolism is both aerobic and anaerobic.

Cations and fluid move actively across anterior capsule but passively across posterior capsule (Pump-Leak Mechanism).

Metabolic homeostasis is essential for maintenance of lens transparency.

Glutathione, glutathione reductase and super-oxide dismutase are actively involved in preventing damage from free O2 radical injury.

+ 18 Dioptre of refraction is contributed by the lens. And in accommodation this power increases.

Typical structure of lens in the form of anterior cortex, nucleus and posterior cortex is optically important as each of these three portions act as a separate lens (lenticules) because the refractive index of nucleus is more than that of cortex. This results in an increase in the total power of the lens, decrease in optical aberration and greater effectiveness of the accommodation.

Accommodation: Contraction of ciliary muscles results in laxity of zonules, which leads to increase convexity of lens due to its inherent elasticity.

Iris not only controls the amount of light that enters the eye by varying the size of pupil (aperture) but also covers the periphery of the lens thereby cutting the optical (spherical) aberrations from it.

Anyopacity of the lens or loss of transparency of the lens that causesdiminution or impairment of vision is called Cataract.

Althoughany lens opacity whether or not it leads to decrease in vision is technicallycataract, yet an opacity in the periphery of the lens, which is stationary andnot hampering vision should be diagnosed just Lens Opacity in order toavoid causing unnecessary anxiety to the patient.

Etiological

Morphological

Stage of Maturity

Chronological

Penetrating

Concussion (Rosette Cataract)

Infrared irradiation (Glass Blowers Cataract)

Electrocution

Ionizing Radiation

Diabetes (Snow Storm Cataract)

Hypoglycaemia

Galactosemia (Oil Drop Cataract)

Galactokinase Deficiency

Mannosidosis

Fabrys Disease

Lowes Syndrome

Wilsons Disease (Sunflower Cataract)

Hypocalcaemia

Excerpt from:
Lens & Cataract - Dr. Sanjay Dhawan

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FastWay

Committed to exploring new frontiers in basic and translational research.

The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics is an integral part of the vibrant biomedical research community at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). UAB ranks among the top public institutions of higher education in terms of research and training awards. Research conducted by the faculty, staff, and students of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics is currently supported by more than $4.3 million per year in extramural, investigator-initiated grants.

The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics carries out cutting-edge basic and translational research. Research strengths in the department includes cancer biology, chromatin and epigenetic signaling, metabolism and signaling, regulation of gene expression, structural biology, DNA synthesis and repair, and disease mechanisms.

Graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics are trained to carry out hypothesis-driven research using advanced research techniques. This training will prepare our graduates for a career in not just biomedical research, but also in other diverse fields that require critical thinking. Our faculty also proudly trains professional (MD, DDS, & DO) students, as well as undergraduate students at UAB.

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UAB - School of Medicine - Biochemistry and Molecular ...

From the reviews:

"A compilation of genetic tests and related information . This book would be of great interest to molecular genetics fellows, pathology/laboratory medicine residents or fellows, practicing pathologists, and oncologists. It would also be of interest to anyone in the healthcare professions . I also recommend it to practitioners looking for a comprehensive and concise, state-of-the-art book on clinically useful molecular/genetic tests. It is a great study guide during training and would be a great review book in preparation for specialty board certification exams." (Valerie L. Ng, Doodys Review Service, July, 2008)

"This book provides a comprehensive review of the various molecular genetic tests that are currently being conducted at research and clinical laboratories. This textbook is robust and would be useful in an advanced genetics course ase part of a clinical-based diagnosic genetics-based graduate program; genetic training postdoctoral program, or molecular genetic pathology post-MD fellowship training program. In addition, some of the chapters in this book could be incorporated into existing advanced cytogenetic courses or upper-level molecular biology courses.

In summary, Molecular Genetic Pathology is a comprehensive review guide that looks at the various theories and methodologies of how molecular genetic testing is beingperformed." (Reviewed by Peter Hu, Molecular Genetic Technology Program, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas)

"The book features chapters written by experts in all aspects of molecular pathology . this is a timely and useful book, principally because of its comprehensiveness. Readers seeking an introduction to molecular diagnostics will probably find it thin on background explanations and overwhelming in detail. for trainees and laboratory workers in the field who need a quick summary of available techniques and diagnostic markers, it should prove to be a valuable and convenient resource." (Jeffrey Sklar, The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 360 (20), May, 2009)

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Molecular Genetic Pathology: 9781588299741: Medicine ...

CYP1A1*2C A4889Grs1048943CTT-/-CYP1A1*4 C2453Ars1799814TGG-/-CYP1A2 C164Ars762551CAC+/-CYP1B1 L432Vrs1056836CCG+/-CYP1B1 N453Srs1800440CTT-/-CYP1B1 R48Grs10012CGG-/-CYP2A6*2 A1799Trs1801272TAA-/-CYP2C19*17rs12248560TCC-/-CYP2C9*2 C430Trs1799853TCC-/-CYP2C9*3 A1075Crs1057910CAA-/-CYP2D6 S486Trs1135840GGG+/+CYP2D6 T100Crs1065852AGG-/-CYP2D6 T2850Crs16947AAA+/+CYP2E1*1B G9896Crs2070676GCC-/-CYP2E1*4 A4768Grs6413419AGG-/-CYP3A4*1Brs2740574CTT-/-CYP3A4*3 M445Trs4986910GAA-/-CYPs are primarily membrane-associatedproteins located either in the inner membrane ofmitochondriaor in theendoplasmic reticulumof cells. CYPs metabolize thousands ofendogenousandexogenouschemicals. Some CYPs metabolize only one (or a very few) substrates, such asCYP19(aromatase), while others may metabolize multiple substrates. Both of these characteristics account for their central importance inmedicine. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are present in most tissues of the body, and play important roles inhormonesynthesis and breakdown includingestrogenandtestosteronesynthesis and metabolism,cholesterolsynthesis, andvitamin Dmetabolism. Cytochrome P450 enzymes also function to metabolize potentially toxic compounds, includingdrugsand products of endogenous metabolism such asbilirubin, principally in theliver.rs762551 (C) allele is a slow metabolizer or of certain substrates including caffeine which means Im more stimulated by it than most people.rs1056836 increases susceptibility to lung and breast cancer, blocks testosterone and inhibits mitochondrial function.rs1135840 is involved in the metabolism of approximately 25% of all medications and most psych meds including antipsychotics and antidepressants.GPX3rs8177412CTT-/-GSTM1rs12068997TCC-/-GSTM1rs4147565AGG-/-GSTM1rs4147567GAA-/-GSTM1rs4147568ATT-/-GSTM1rs1056806TCC-/-GSTM1rs12562055ATT-/-GSTM1rs2239892GAA-/-GSTP I105Vrs1695GAG+/-GSTP1 A114Vrs1138272TCC-/-GSTP genes encode the Glutathione S-transferase P enzyme. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes that play an important role in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of manyhydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reducedglutathione. Mutations here will increase your need for glutathione and importance of chelating out mercury.rs1695 influences asthma risk.NAT1 A560G(?) (R187Q)rs4986782AGG-/-NAT2 A803G (K268R)rs1208GGG+/+NAT2 C190T (R64W)rs1805158TCC-/-NAT2 G590A (R197Q)rs1799930AGG-/-NAT2 G857A (G286E)rs1799931AGG-/-NAT2 T341C (I114T)rs1801280CCC+/+NAT2 encodes N-acetyltransferases which are enzymes acting primarily in the liver to detoxify a large number of chemicals, includingcaffeineand several prescribed drugs. The NAT2 acetylation polymorphism is important because of its primary role in the activation and/or deactivation of many chemicals in the bodys environment, including those produced by cigarettes as well as aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs used medicinally. In turn, this can affect an individualscancerrisk.I have a particular combination of NAT2 polymorphisms rs1801280 (C) +rs1208 (G) which makes me a slow metabolizer. In general, slow metabolizers have higher rates of certain types ofcancerand are more susceptible to side effects from chemicals (known as MCS) metabolized by NAT2.SOD2rs2758331AAA+/+SOD2rs2855262TCT+/-SOD2 A16Vrs4880GGG+/+SOD2 gene is a member of the iron/manganesesuperoxide dismutasefamily and may be one of the key sources of my troubles. This protein transforms toxic superoxide, a byproduct of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, intohydrogen peroxideand diatomicoxygen. In simpler terms, the more energy your mitochondria produce, the more byproducts (also called free radicals) get produced. These toxic byproducts tear up cell membranes and walls through a process called oxidative stress.Mutations in the SOD2 gene diminish your ability to transform these toxic byproducts into harmless components. People with SOD2 polymorphisms may not tolerate nitrates or fish oil well. Mutations in this gene have been associated withidiopathic cardiomyopathy(IDC), sporadic motor neuron disease, and cancer.

Now what about SOD1 & 3? I dont know why it doesnt appear on this report but I was able to get some information on it from Livewello and it looks like I am much better off there. Heres my SOD1 and SOD3 status. Just for kicks, I decided to run SOD2 and I find it shows a much different picture than sterlings app: my SOD 2 on Livewello. Notice how it shows that I do have some working SOD2 genes!

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My genetics - How I Recovered

Biotechnology Careers At-a-Glance

The United States leads the pack in biotech revenue, market capitalization, and the number of public biotech companies, according to a 2015 report by Ernst & Young Global Limited. In 2007, three biotechnology companies made more than one billion dollars; by the end of 2014, that number had grown to 26, and there is no end in sight to the massive growth. Biotechnology careers can be found mainly in pharmaceutical companies including Gilead Sciences, Celgene, Biogen, and Regeneron, all companies named by Forbes among the top 10 biotech companies in the country.

People who choose biotech careers have several areas of specialization to choose from. A few options include working as an epidemiologist, microbiologist, biochemist, botany specialist, agricultural and food scientist or biomedical engineer. Graduates might wind up working in a laboratory, creating new seed lines, or in a vast field, testing new soil compositions. They might work to clone animals, develop new pharmaceutical drugs, create a bionic pancreas and so much more. No matter what the career path, it all begins with rigorous study and earning a biotechnology degree.

As with all statistics, salary numbers can be deceiving. There are two reasons why the numbers below should be taken into context.

First, biotechnology careers typically require a bachelors degree for entry, but the field is filled with people who also hold masters and doctoral degrees. For instance, 45 percent of the biomedical engineers who responded to an O*NET survey said a bachelors degree was sufficient; thirty-five percent needed a masters degree and a further 20 percent needed a doctorate. Those with advanced degrees typically have higher earning potential, which partially explains how some biomedical engineers can earn around $50,000 per year while others are clearing $140,000.

Second, there are multiple employers of the scientists listed below. Some of the most prominent are universities, which typically pay less than companies engaged in applied research. Companies make profits, which can be shared with employees; universities do not.

Working in the biotechnology field starts with the proper education. Though there are numerous pathways to the various professions, some steps to success are universal. Heres how to get there.

1

Begin with the right classes

Those interested in biotechnology careers can begin their journey by taking several biology or chemistry electives while in high school. Students should also look into pursuing courses that provide both high school and college credit, such as advanced placement.

2

Start with the bachelors degree

Once high school is over, its time to move into college and earn a bachelors degree in biology, biotechnology (if offered) or a closely related field. Though there are associate degrees in biology that will form a firm foundation for the bachelors, most entry-level positions in biotechnology will require at least a bachelors degree.

3

Get experience

Learning about the job and getting hands-on training in the field can look great on a resume, as well as provide students an opportunity to decide what area of biotechnology interests them the most. Some students choose internships during their college years, while others seek out part-time or full-time work with biotech companies or labs.

4

Pursue graduate studies

In many cases, biotechnology careers will require a graduate degree for advancement. Depending upon the chosen career path, students might need to embark on their masters degree or end up with a PhD in order to do the work they really want to do.

5

Stay up-to-date

Technology is always changing, growing and shifting. Some fields of biotechnology are moving so fast that they can literally change by the week. Thats why it is so important to stay up-to-date by subscribing to industry publications, becoming active in industry associations, keeping in touch with network contacts, and otherwise staying on top of what is happening in the field.

6

Seek out new opportunities in the field

Biotechnology careers offers quite a bit of overlap; for instance, a soil and plant scientist might choose to eventually work as an agricultural and food scientist, and their education might support both paths. Seeking out new opportunities to expand on a current profession is one of the perks of working in the field, and can lead to exciting possibilities.

Those who are interested in biotechnology will discover a dizzying array of possibilities for degrees; anything from the certificate to the PhD can be helpful during the career pursuit. In addition, many biotech degrees easily adapt to online study for students who dont have the ability to attend traditional classes. Heres an overview of which degrees might be more advantageous for certain situations.

I am excited to begin work in biotechnology. I need something that will allow me to get my foot in the door while giving me a strong foundation for graduate work.

I have been working in the field for years, but there are some points that I need to brush up on times have definitely changed these last few years, and Im ready to change with it. But leaving my job to go back to school is simply not an option, as finances would be too tight.

I already have my bachelors degree, but none of my classes focused on the high-level biology I need to know in order to move into the biotech field. I need to get a bit more education while I gain experience.

I definitely want to go into biotech but I have no idea where to begin. I want to test the waters a bit and leave my options open for changing my degree path when I find what I really want to do

I grew up on a farm and love working with animals. I want to be an animal scientist, so I can help make their lives better. Its a journey that will take some serious time and effort, but Im ready for the challenge.

Ive been working in the field for a while, but promotions and pay raises seem rather elusive one manager pointed out that my educational level is holding me back. Its time to remedy that problem.

Choosing the best biotechnology degrees can be tough, as there are so many options out there. However, the desired career path often provides clues to which degree might be best, as well as which level of educational attainment is expected. Heres what students can expect to learn from each.

There are two types of biotechnology certificate programs: Those that are designed for students who have completed their graduate studies and now need more specialized training, or those who have earned their bachelors degree but didnt get all the recommended courses to move into a biotech career. The latter scenario often applies to those who have earned their bachelors in another field but have now chosen a career change to the biotechnology field.

Most certificate programs take a year or less to complete, and are very focused on the particular educational path, with little to no general education courses. Some of the common courses in a certificate program include:

This course helps students understand structural organic chemistry, chemical thermodynamics, acid base chemistry, and reaction mechanisms.

Understanding of Lewis structures

Strategic use of reaction mechanisms

Knowledge of biological molecules and how they form and interact

Students will explore the ethical issues in biotechnology, including real-world case studies and current events in the field.

Applying philosophical theories to critical current issues

Conducting human experimentation in a compassionate and ethical manner

Ethical practices regarding animal testing

This class focuses on the regulatory approval process for drugs, foods, cosmetics and more.

Proper compliance with regulatory rules

Legal implications in regulatory issues

Ethical considerations when bring a new product to market

The associate degree in biotechnology prepares students to eventually move into the bachelors degree program. Though there are some employers who will accept students who have only the associate degree, many entry-level jobs do require the four-year education. The associate degree requires four years of study to complete, though some accelerated programs might allow completion in as little as 18 months. Some common courses found in the associate in biotech program include:

This course serves as an important overview for those who are interested in the biotech field, including a look at career options.

Use of safe laboratory procedures

Understanding the variety of potential careers and how they relate to each other

Applying the basics of biotech to day-to-day life

Students will learn quality assurance principles and how they relate to the biotech fields.

Understanding the differences in regulated and non-regulated work environments

Quality system usage, including Lean and Six Sigma

Theoretical views of quality assurance as applied to real-world events

Focuses on computational biology and bioinformatics as it relates to processes and end results.

Methods for high-volume data collection

Storing and accessing biological data

Use of common programs and algorithms to analyze data

For most careers in biotechnology including that of biomedical engineer, food scientist, microbiologist, plant and soil scientist, and agricultural engineer, among others a bachelors degree is required for entry-level work. The bachelors degree typically takes four years to complete and offers some opportunities for specialization through the use of electives under the biotechnology umbrella. Some classes that students can expect to take include:

Students explore the current research in biological science and analyze it according to biotechnology principles.

Critical analysis of current research

Use of scientific reasoning to make evaluative decisions

Understanding core biological concepts

Focus on the structure and function of cells, with an emphasis on eukaryotic cell biology.

Use molecular biology knowledge to draw research conclusions

Understand DNA replication and repair

The applications of genetic engineering

An in-depth look at safety procedures and proper management of laboratory spaces.

Management of personnel, space, inventory and equipment

Proper communications with stakeholders

Compliance with all safety and health regulations

The masters in biotechnology degree allows students to enhance their knowledge through a specialized curriculum. The masters in biotech is made up of a few core courses, which are then enhanced by electives that focus on the particular educational path a student wants to carve out for themselves. The masters degree takes two to three years to complete, depending upon the program. Many programs are available online, as schools recognize the need for a flexible schedule for those who are already working in the field.

Some courses that can be found at the masters level include:

Focuses on all the aspects of project management, such as working in teams, managing time, structuring projects and more.

Consideration of each phase of a project

Communicating with a wide variety of people involved in a project

Monitoring and controlling change

Students will learn the ins and outs of federal funding and regulations, writing grant proposals, and other sources of funding for research and development.

Students will study how to apply a comprehensive validation philosophy to new ventures in biotech.

Creating equipment or processes that are less prone to failure

Designing robust yet cost-effective projects

Creating validation documents in line with rules and regulations

The doctorate is the pinnacle of the biotechnology field, and offers students quite broad autonomy when choosing an original research project and focus of study. Those who intend to work with in-depth research or move into teaching will need to earn the PhD. Some professions require it, such as that of animal scientist or biophysicist. The doctoral program usually takes between three and four years to complete, though some schools allow up to eight years for completion of the dissertation. Some courses that might be found at the PhD level include:

Students will explore cutting-edge research areas and instruments, with a rotation that takes them through biomedical and biotechnology areas.

Familiarity with the latest technologies

Refresher on how to use instruments that considered out-of-date but might be advantageous for some projects

How to balance research between different laboratories and get the same results using different systems

Students will examine upper-level biotechnology or bio-engineering problems through the lens of equations and statistics.

High-level mathematics literacy

Advanced numerical methods

Refresher on statistical analysis

Students will engage in discussions with leaders in the field on current events and ethical issues that arise from the use of technology in the biological field.

Proper development of biological products

Conducting ethical biomedical research

Marketing and transparency in presenting new biotechnologies to the public

The U.S. biotech industry grew by just about every measure in 2014, according to Ernst and Youngs 2015 industry report. Revenue was up 29 percent, net income increased 293 percent and there were 164 more biotech companies than during the previous year. All of this meant one thing for jobs: There were a lot more of them. The industry added over 10,000 new jobs in 2014, which equates to a staggering 10 percent annual growth rate. Of course, not all of these jobs were for scientists and researchers many were for support staff one might find in any industry. Jobs specific to biotechnology involving research and development and manufacturing are outlined below.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) combines three related careers under the heading of agricultural and food scientist: animal scientist, food scientist and technologist, and soil and plant scientist. Although all have the ultimate task of improving farm productivity, they accomplish this in different ways. Each are discussed separately here.

Many people dont think of farming as being sophisticated. Seeds are planted, crops are watered, and eventually food is harvested. But it is an extraordinarily advanced field, and the largest farms are essentially food factories. Engineers are involved in research and development as well as manufacturing. They might oversee water supply and usage, design comfortable areas for the animals, and create machines that can efficiently harvest crops with minimal food loss. Agricultural engineers spend their time both in offices designing systems and on farms testing and applying those systems.

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Degrees in Biotechnology | How to Have a Biotechnology Career

Regenerative Medicine is; at its core, a conservative therapy. We do not utilize drugs, surgery or foreign materials to treat your painful condition. We use your very own cells to naturally repair and regenerate the affected tissues to reverse the damage. Powerful cells in your bone marrow called Mesenchymal Stem Cells can change and grow into new muscle, tendon, ligament, bone and even cartilage when called upon by the body. Growth factors provided by the platelets in your blood further stimulate and enhance this process. Marrow is harvested from the bone at the back of your waist through a relatively gentle, low volume aspiration.

From a simple blood draw, we can concentrate the platelets in a centrifuge. The combined injectate is skillfully targeted to the area needing treatment using state-of-the-art imaging techniques. In a time when we are flooded with more drugs and supplements than ever offering to treat injury and pain, people are demanding organic remedies and more natural cures. We are extremely proud to add this fantastic therapy to the already comprehensive list of services provided.

Watch below to see Dr. Roth featured in the series Hooked: Opioid Alternative from Fort Waynes NBC news station.

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Summit Regenerative Medicine

Yoav Gilad, PhD

Chief, Section of Genetic Medicine

University of ChicagoDepartment of Medicine

The Section of Genetic Medicine was created over 10 years ago to both build research infrastructure in genetics within the Department of Medicine and to focus translational efforts related to genetics. As a result, the Section of Genetic Medicine is shaping the future of precision medicine with very active and successful research programs focused on the quantitative genetics, systems biology and genomics, and bioinformatics and computational biology. The Section provides extremely valuable collaborations with investigators in the Department of Medicine who are seeking to develop new and more powerful ways to identify genetic risk factors for common, complex disorders with almost immediate clinical application.

The Section of Genetic Medicine continues to shape the future of personalized medicine with successful research programs focused on the quantitative genetic and genomic science. The Section provides extremely valuable collaborations with investigators in the Department of Medicine who are seeking to develop new and more powerful ways to identify genetic risk factors for common, complex disorders with almost immediate clinical application.

The Section of Genetic Medicine conducts impactful investigations focused on quantitative genetics, systems biology and genomics, bioinformatics and computational biology. Some highlights from the past year include:

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Genetic Medicine - University of Chicago - Department of ...

Dr. Pendse's Biography Dr. Pendse provides comprehensive eye care including the medical management of Glaucoma. He specializes in cataract surgery utilizing the most advanced technology including the newest intraocular lens implants that correct astigmatism (AcrySof Toric), and correct both distance and near vision (Crystalens, ReStor, and Tecnis Multifocal). Dr. Pendse also offers Laser Refractive Surgery and Functional Eyelid Surgery. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering from the University of Pennsylvania. As a graduate of Temple University School of Medicine, he was selected to the Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society. He completed his ophthalmology residency at the prestigious Wills Eye Hospital where he served as Co-Chief Resident during his final year. After his residency, he was in private practice for three years in Wilmington, Delaware and an additional two years in Philadelphia. He is an experienced surgeon who teaches Cataract Surgery to Resident Physicians training at the Wills Eye Institute. Dr. Pendse is Board Certified and on staff at Aria Health, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and the Wills Eye Institute. He is actively involved in the education of the Ophthalmology Residents at Wills Eye Institute as a member of the Cataract and Primary Eye Care Service. He also covers Trauma Call at the Wills Eye Emergency Room and performs many emergency eye surgeries there.

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Ophthalmologists near North Plainfield, NJ - Eye Surgeon

Stem cell facts

What are stem cells?

Stem cells are cells that have the potential to develop into many different or specialized cell types. Stem cells can be thought of as primitive, "unspecialized" cells that are able to divide and become specialized cells of the body such as liver cells, muscle cells, blood cells, and other cells with specific functions. Stem cells are referred to as "undifferentiated" cells because they have not yet committed to a developmental path that will form a specific tissue or organ. The process of changing into a specific cell type is known as differentiation. In some areas of the body, stem cells divide regularly to renew and repair the existing tissue. The bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract are examples of areas in which stem cells function to renew and repair tissue.

The best and most readily understood example of a stem cell in humans is that of the fertilized egg, or zygote. A zygote is a single cell that is formed by the union of a sperm and ovum. The sperm and the ovum each carry half of the genetic material required to form a new individual. Once that single cell or zygote starts dividing, it is known as an embryo. One cell becomes two, two become four, four become eight, eight become sixteen, and so on, doubling rapidly until it ultimately grows into an entire sophisticated organism composed of many different kinds of specialized cells. That organism, a person, is an immensely complicated structure consisting of many, many, billions of cells with functions as diverse as those of your eyes, your heart, your immune system, the color of your skin, your brain, etc. All of the specialized cells that make up these body systems are descendants of the original zygote, a stem cell with the potential to ultimately develop into all kinds of body cells. The cells of a zygote are totipotent, meaning that they have the capacity to develop into any type of cell in the body.

The process by which stem cells commit to become differentiated, or specialized, cells is complex and involves the regulation of gene expression. Research is ongoing to further understand the molecular events and controls necessary for stem cells to become specialized cell types.

Stem Cells:One of the human body's master cells, with the ability to grow into any one of the body's more than 200 cell types.

All stem cells are unspecialized (undifferentiated) cells that are characteristically of the same family type (lineage). They retain the ability to divide throughout life and give rise to cells that can become highly specialized and take the place of cells that die or are lost.

Stem cells contribute to the body's ability to renew and repair its tissues. Unlike mature cells, which are permanently committed to their fate, stem cells can both renew themselves as well as create new cells of whatever tissue they belong to (and other tissues).

Why are stem cells important?

Stem cells represent an exciting area in medicine because of their potential to regenerate and repair damaged tissue. Some current therapies, such as bone marrow transplantation, already make use of stem cells and their potential for regeneration of damaged tissues. Other therapies that are under investigation involve transplanting stem cells into a damaged body part and directing them to grow and differentiate into healthy tissue.

Embryonic stem cells

During the early stages of embryonic development the cells remain relatively undifferentiated (immature) and appear to possess the ability to become, or differentiate, into almost any tissue within the body. For example, cells taken from one section of an embryo that might have become part of the eye can be transferred into another section of the embryo and could develop into blood, muscle, nerve, or liver cells.

Cells in the early embryonic stage are totipotent (see above) and can differentiate to become any type of body cell. After about seven days, the zygote forms a structure known as a blastocyst, which contains a mass of cells that eventually become the fetus, as well as trophoblastic tissue that eventually becomes the placenta. If cells are taken from the blastocyst at this stage, they are known as pluripotent, meaning that they have the capacity to become many different types of human cells. Cells at this stage are often referred to as blastocyst embryonic stem cells. When any type of embryonic stem cells is grown in culture in the laboratory, they can divide and grow indefinitely. These cells are then known as embryonic stem cell lines.

Fetal stem cells

The embryo is referred to as a fetus after the eighth week of development. The fetus contains stem cells that are pluripotent and eventually develop into the different body tissues in the fetus.

Adult stem cells

Adult stem cells are present in all humans in small numbers. The adult stem cell is one of the class of cells that we have been able to manipulate quite effectively in the bone marrow transplant arena over the past 30 years. These are stem cells that are largely tissue-specific in their location. Rather than typically giving rise to all of the cells of the body, these cells are capable of giving rise only to a few types of cells that develop into a specific tissue or organ. They are therefore known as multipotent stem cells. Adult stem cells are sometimes referred to as somatic stem cells.

The best characterized example of an adult stem cell is the blood stem cell (the hematopoietic stem cell). When we refer to a bone marrow transplant, a stem cell transplant, or a blood transplant, the cell being transplanted is the hematopoietic stem cell, or blood stem cell. This cell is a very rare cell that is found primarily within the bone marrow of the adult.

One of the exciting discoveries of the last years has been the overturning of a long-held scientific belief that an adult stem cell was a completely committed stem cell. It was previously believed that a hematopoietic, or blood-forming stem cell, could only create other blood cells and could never become another type of stem cell. There is now evidence that some of these apparently committed adult stem cells are able to change direction to become a stem cell in a different organ. For example, there are some models of bone marrow transplantation in rats with damaged livers in which the liver partially re-grows with cells that are derived from transplanted bone marrow. Similar studies can be done showing that many different cell types can be derived from each other. It appears that heart cells can be grown from bone marrow stem cells, that bone marrow cells can be grown from stem cells derived from muscle, and that brain stem cells can turn into many types of cells.

Peripheral blood stem cells

Most blood stem cells are present in the bone marrow, but a few are present in the bloodstream. This means that these so-called peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) can be isolated from a drawn blood sample. The blood stem cell is capable of giving rise to a very large number of very different cells that make up the blood and immune system, including red blood cells, platelets, granulocytes, and lymphocytes.

All of these very different cells with very different functions are derived from a common, ancestral, committed blood-forming (hematopoietic), stem cell.

Umbilical cord stem cells

Blood from the umbilical cord contains some stem cells that are genetically identical to the newborn. Like adult stem cells, these are multipotent stem cells that are able to differentiate into certain, but not all, cell types. For this reason, umbilical cord blood is often banked, or stored, for possible future use should the individual require stem cell therapy.

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were first created from human cells in 2007. These are adult cells that have been genetically converted to an embryonic stem celllike state. In animal studies, iPSCs have been shown to possess characteristics of pluripotent stem cells. Human iPSCs can differentiate and become multiple different fetal cell types. iPSCs are valuable aids in the study of disease development and drug treatment, and they may have future uses in transplantation medicine. Further research is needed regarding the development and use of these cells.

Why is there controversy surrounding the use of stem cells?

Embryonic stem cells and embryonic stem cell lines have received much public attention concerning the ethics of their use or non-use. Clearly, there is hope that a large number of treatment advances could occur as a result of growing and differentiating these embryonic stem cells in the laboratory. It is equally clear that each embryonic stem cell line has been derived from a human embryo created through in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or through cloning technologies, with all the attendant ethical, religious, and philosophical problems, depending upon one's perspective.

What are some stem cell therapies that are currently available?

Routine use of stem cells in therapy has been limited to blood-forming stem cells (hematopoietic stem cells) derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. Bone marrow transplantation is the most familiar form of stem cell therapy and the only instance of stem cell therapy in common use. It is used to treat cancers of the blood cells (leukemias) and other disorders of the blood and bone marrow.

In bone marrow transplantation, the patient's existing white blood cells and bone marrow are destroyed using chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Then, a sample of bone marrow (containing stem cells) from a healthy, immunologically matched donor is injected into the patient. The transplanted stem cells populate the recipient's bone marrow and begin producing new, healthy blood cells.

Umbilical cord blood stem cells and peripheral blood stem cells can also be used instead of bone marrow samples to repopulate the bone marrow in the process of bone marrow transplantation.

In 2009, the California-based company Geron received clearance from the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to begin the first human clinical trial of cells derived from human embryonic stem cells in the treatment of patients with acute spinal cord injury.

What are experimental treatments using stem cells and possible future directions for stem cell therapy?

Stem cell therapy is an exciting and active field of biomedical research. Scientists and physicians are investigating the use of stem cells in therapies to treat a wide variety of diseases and injuries. For a stem cell therapy to be successful, a number of factors must be considered. The appropriate type of stem cell must be chosen, and the stem cells must be matched to the recipient so that they are not destroyed by the recipient's immune system. It is also critical to develop a system for effective delivery of the stem cells to the desired location in the body. Finally, devising methods to "switch on" and control the differentiation of stem cells and ensure that they develop into the desired tissue type is critical for the success of any stem cell therapy.

Researchers are currently examining the use of stem cells to regenerate damaged or diseased tissue in many conditions, including those listed below.

References

REFERENCE:

"Stem Cell Information." National Institutes of Health.

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Stem Cells - MedicineNet

Its important for people suffering from kidney disease to know theyre not alone. Heres a list of todays celebrities and athletes who have suffered from kidney disease.

Peter Burns, singer for the band, Dead or Alive, acute kidney failure caused by several kidney stones

Nick Cannon, singer, actor, suffers from lupus nephritis

Grizzwald Chapman, actor in 30 Rock, kidney failure due to hypertension, transplant recipient

Natalie Cole, singer, kidney failure after treatment for hepatitis C, transplant recipient

Lucy Davis, actress in The Office, kidney failure due to diabetes, transplant recipient

Aron Eisenberg, actor in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, born with one partially functioning kidney, transplant recipient

Sean Elliott, basketball player, suffered from FSGS, transplant recipient

Freeway, rap musician, kidney failure due to diabetes, waiting for a kidney transplant

Stephen Furst, actor, diabetic, transplant recipient

Jennifer Harman, professional poker player, hereditary kidney disease, two-time transplant recipient

Ed Hearn, baseball player, suffered from FSGS, three-time transplant recipient

Ken Howard, actor in 30 Rock, kidney failure caused by a misdiagnosed blockage, transplant recipient

Paul Hutchins, football player, FSGS, received double kidney transplant

Sarah Hyland, actress, suffered from kidney dysplasia, received a kidney from her father

Donald Jones, football player, IgA nephropathy, received a kidney from his father and is playing baseball post-transplant

Chris Kemoeatu, football player, hereditary kidney disease, received a kidney from his brother, also a football player

Jonah Lomu, New Zealand rugby player, kidney failure due to nephrotic syndrome, sadly passed away in November 2015 while waiting for another kidney transplant

George Lopez, comedian, hereditary kidney disease, transplant recipient

Scott MacIntyre, American Idol singer, family history of kidney disease, transplant recipient, now in need of another kidney transplant

Aries Merritt, Olympic hurdler, rare congenital kidney disease, transplant recipient

Tracy Morgan, actor in 30 Rock, kidney failure due to diabetes, transplant recipient

Alonzo Mourning, basketball player, suffered from FSGS, transplant recipient

Jeremy Newberry, football player, kidney disease caused by painkillers

Liam Payne, singer for the band, One Direction, born with partially functioning kidney

Pele, soccer legend, had a kidney removed in the 1970s, recently underwent surgery for kidney stones

Phillip Phillips, singer, chronic kidney stones

Amy Purdy, athlete and actress, kidneys failed two years after hospitalization for septic shock, received a kidney from her father

Jon Rankin, Olympic athlete, FSGS

Bobby Rydell, singer,kidney failure caused by liver disease, transplant recipient

Neil Simon, playwright, suffered from PKD, transplant recipient

Clyde Simms, pro soccer player, FSGS

Dayna Stephens, jazz musician, diagnosed with FSGS, in need of kidney transplant

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Regenerative medicine technologies are relatively new forms of treatment designed to enhance your bodys ability to heal itself. These treatments use natural substances that modify your natural healing mechanisms to help joints, tendons and ligaments heal and repair themselves.

There are three branches of regenerative medicine: Rejuvenation, Replacements, and Regeneration.

There are 3 types of regenerative medicine offered at our centers, including:

PRP is a mixture of growth factors and other proteins found in the platelets of your own blood. These platelets migrate to areas of injury in the body and initiate and enhance a healing response. PRP treatments utilize a technology where we draw your own blood, concentrate the platelets and growth factors, and inject them back into the body at sites of injury or degeneration. These proteins enhance the activity of the healing mechanisms and decrease the mediators of inflammation to help make a patient feel better and heal the injury.Download more information

Cell-based therapy is a mixture of growth factors, proteins and mesenchymal stem cells that are found naturally in the body. These substances can be harvested from either your fat or bone marrow and injected into areas of injury or degeneration to enhance healing and ongoing repair. These mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into other types of cells and continue to help your healing over the long term. Download more information

Amniotic products use either fluid or tissue to protect, cushion and reduce inflammation in joints and tendons. Amniotic tissue contains bioactive proteins harvested from healthy voluntary donors and therefore allows this procedure to be minimally invasive. Download more information

I am a 52-year-old physician and CrossFit athlete. Dr. Arthur Valadie surgically repaired my left knee 12 years ago. The outcome was excellent. Recently, he injected stem cells in the same knee. My knee feels fantastic and there is no exercise I cant perform!

After two years of shoulder pain, Dr. Valadie offered the Lipogems stem cell therapy as an alternative to conventional rotator cuff surgery. I am now 90+ days removed from the procedure and honestly amazed with the result. Im 80% back to my pre-injury condition. I cannot recommend Dr. Valadie, his team and this procedure highly enough. Simply incredible. Thank you!

I have suffered with osteoarthritis for three years in my right knee. After having the stem cell replacement procedure in November 2017, I have less pain and inflammation in the knee. I have much more ease with daily activities and continue to see improvement. The procedure was simple and painless. There was some discomfort after, but only within the first 24 hours.

PRP treatments are most effective for chronic ligament and tendon sprains and strains, that have failed other forms of treatments. Some of the treatments that can benefit from PRP include:

In addition to the list above PRP can also be effective in osteoarthritis cases, by stimulating the healing process of the cartilage, which reduces the pain. The areas that can benefit from PRP include:

First, a small amount of blood is drawn from the patient. Preparation of the solutions can take 25-30 minutes. Once the blood is drawn, it is placed in a machine called a centrifuge, that spins the blood at a high speed. This machine helps separate the blood into red blood cells and concentrated platelets. Once the blood is separated from the platelets, the blood is discarded and what remains is a concentrated platelet-rich plasma, known as PRP.

A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialized cell types in the body. They may be used to help your body heal tissues that have been damaged due to injury or degeneration.

These cells can be harvested from adipose tissue (body fat) or bone marrow with a relatively minor procedure. This is done under local anesthetic to minimize the pain of harvesting. Discomfort from the harvest is usually relatively mild.

Mesenchymal stem cell injections help the body heal itself. The cells can turn into cell types appropriate for the body part which can then help aid in the healing process. These injections are significantly less invasive than surgery and can shorten recovery time and diminish the risks compared to traditional treatments.

There are four types of Cell-Based Therapy that use the latest biological drugs with anti-inflammation agents and steroids, used for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The goal for these four therapies is to cure IBD, cell-based therapies offer hope to patients when traditional treatments have failed.

This type of injection is a minimally-manipulated injectable allograft designed to reduce inflammation as well as to protect, cushion, and lubricate joints and tendons.

While a baby is in the womb, it is situated within the amniotic sac. Inside the sac, the baby is surrounded by amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid is gathered by a relatively easy, minimally invasive procedure from a willing donor, that is neither harmful to the mother or baby.

These injections can counteract inflammation and the harmful proteins that can cause joint pain. This diminished inflammation as well as lubrication can decrease pain and improve function.

We are in the pioneering days of regenerative medicine. Compared to other traditional medical treatments, regenerative medicine treatments have fewer clinical studies because of the relatively recent development of these technologies. We use and follow all available clinical studies regarding these treatments, so we can provide evidence-based ethical regenerative medicine treatments. These treatments are provided by board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeons and spine/pain management physicians.

No, insurance does not cover regenerative medicine treatments as it is a relatively new field of medicine. Fortunately, there are many pricing options depending on the treatment you choose.

These are non-surgical treatments. Depending on the mode of treatment, tissue can be obtained either from a healthy donor, a simple blood draw, or a slightly more invasive procedure to obtain mesenchymal stem cells depending on the treatment you choose.

While the complete healing process can take several months, the downtime after the procedure is extremely minimal compared to that of surgery recovery.

If you want to learn more about regenerative medicine, please dont hesitate to contact us. At Coastal Orthopedics, we offer same-day appointments at three locations across Bradenton, Florida to serve you better.

Contact Our Regenerative Medicine Concierge TodayCall Coastal Orthopedics at941-794-5868

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Regenerative therapiesfor the spine are the future for spinal treatments. We are excited to offer innovative techniques as new and improved ways to try to heal spinal problems without having to undergo surgery. Regenerative therapy options hold wonderful healing potential and represent the future of modern medicine. We are excited to offer innovative techniques as new and improved ways to try to heal spinal problems without having to undergo surgery.

In the United States alone, more than 400,000 lumbar discectomies and 500,000 spinal fusions are performed each year for symptoms related to lumbar disc degeneration. The ability to get these to heal without surgery has been a long-term goal of many patients and physicians alike.

At Virginia Spine Institute, we are working to promote healing without surgery. Virginia Spine Institute continues to be on the forefront of treatment options and is proud to offerstem cell therapy treatmentsfor patients as part of ourcomprehensivenon-operative treatmentoptions.

Painful discs in the neck or low back are common causes of severe back pain and disability. Historically, therapies did not exist to regenerate the degenerative process in a vertebral disc, often leaving surgical intervention as the only option if other non-operative treatment options have failed. In selected patients, we now have hopes of better ways to treat spinal disease.

Learn if you are a candidate for this treatment.

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We obtain a patients own stem cells by aspirating tissue from the patient's hip bone or from their fat cells. These cells are centrifuged down to identify and separate specific primitive cells that will help heal tissues. Stem cells are theninjected into the disc, stimulating healing of the disc by using these primitive blood cells to stimulate regeneration of the collagen within the disc. We are excited to report improvements in our patients treated with stem cells.

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to become specialized types of cells. Stem cells can be categorized as embryonic stem cells or adult stem cells.Embryonic stem cells are derived from a human fetus; there are many ethical concerns with embryonic stem cells, and these are not used in our practice.

Adult stem cells are derived from adults, sometimes obtained from your very own body! Adult stem cells are further divided into different categories. For example, the types of adult stem cells we use to treat musculoskeletal issues are known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These are multi-potent cells that can differentiate into bone cells, cartilage cells, or fat cells. Its important to note that they cannot differentiate into any other type of cell.

The human body has multiple storage sites for stem cells to repair degenerated and injured structures. We have found that obtaining stem cells from the hip bone (iliac bone) is easily performed within minutes and, in most cases, is a fairly painless procedure for the patient. The stem cells are obtained from your own bone marrow; just minutes later, they are used for treatment.

This procedure is done in our office and starts with the patient lying face down on the examination table. The skin is first numbed with a novocaine solution. After that, the cortex of the hip bone (iliac bone) is numbed. Next, under x-ray (fluoroscopic) guidance, a special needle is advanced through the bone to the cortex of your hip bone into the bone marrow. The liquid marrow - which contains the stem cells - is then withdrawn into a syringe. Finally, the needle is removed, and a small bandage is placed where the needle was inserted.

After the procedure, the syringe of stem cells is taken to the lab and placed in a specialized machine called a centrifuge. The centrifuge spins the bone marrow solution and stem cells are separated from the non-useful cells. The concentrated stem cells are then transferred to a new syringe. Now, the stem cells are ready for the treatment.

Not all patients will be a candidate for these disc regeneration procedures. For those whom are ideal candidates, this provides great hope with reduction in pain and improved quality of life without the need for major surgery. We are excited about these great advances in health care and look forward to helping you live pain free.

Stem cell injections are most commonly used for treatment of the following conditions:

The area of injury is first identified using ultrasound or fluoroscopy. The area is then sterilized, and the skin above the area is numbed with a novocaine-type solution. Using ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance, the needle is guided to the area of injury, and the stem cell solution is injected. All the regenerative injections performed at our practice are performed under image guidance with ultrasound or fluoroscopy to confirm accurate placement of the stem cells.

The risks depend on the area being treated; however, there is always a potential risk of an injection causing infection, bleeding, or nerve damage. It is important to note that there is no risk of allergic reaction since you are using your own stem cells. At Virginia Spine Institute we always recommended the safest and most efficient procedures for our patients, however, your physician will review any possible risks associated with this treatment prior to administering.

The benefit is usually seen approximately two to three months after the whole treatment protocol has completed; however, you may start to notice the benefit sooner than this.

In most cases, patients respond very well to just one treatment; however, the patient may require two to three injections. We never perform more than three injections within a span of 12 months.

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Regenerative Stem Cell Therapy | Treatment for Back Pain | VSI