StemCell Therapy

The Longevity Illustrator calculates "Nearest Age" as the whole age you are closest to. For half the year, Nearest Age will be greater than your age on your last birthday. Please set your Illustration Age at least as great as your Nearest Age. If you leave the Illustration Age box blank, the tool automatically calculates longevity information from your Nearest Age. The Illustration Age will be rejected if it exceeds 99 or if the selection would cause Person 2 to be older than 99.

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The Palo Alto Prize is a newly established Silicon Valley-based initiative of the Race Against Time Foundation. The mission of the Palo Alto Prize is to encourage collaboration, foster innovation, and build a community to address the underlying causes of aging.In addition to the $1 million of cash prizes, the Palo Alto Prize is also working with a number of angel investors, venture capital firms, corporate venture arms, institutions and private foundations to provide access to additional capital to the teams during the competition. While the Palo Alto Prize will help facilitate introductions, all transactions and due diligence will be done privately between the teams and potential investors and philanthropists.

The Race Against Time (dba The Hero Science Foundation http://www.herosf.org) is a 501(c)(3) educational non-profit organization (Tax ID: 47-2823482) created to raise public awareness and financial support for basic biomedical research related to increasing our health span and defining the fundamental biological mechanisms that prevent age-related diseases and disabilities.

About the prize sponsor:

Dr. Joon Yun, M.D., is the President of Palo Alto Investors, LLC, founded in 1989 with over $2 billion in assets under management invested in healthcare and the founder of the Palo Alto Institute, a nonprofit think-tank that has been providing operational support for the Palo Alto Prize. Board certified in radiology, Dr. Yun served on the clinical staff at Stanford Hospital from 2000-2006. Dr. Yun received his Bachelor of Arts in biology from Harvard University and his Doctor of Medicine from Duke University School of Medicine. Learn more at DrJoonYun.com and follow him at @drjoonyun

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Diabetes mellitus type 2SynonymsNoninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), adult-onset diabetes[1]Universal blue circle symbol for diabetes[2]PronunciationSpecialtyEndocrinologySymptomsIncreased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, increased hunger[3]ComplicationsHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, diabetic ketoacidosis, heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy, kidney failure, amputations[1][4][5]Usual onsetMiddle or older age[6]DurationLong term[6]CausesObesity, lack of exercise, genetics[1][6]Diagnostic methodBlood test[3]PreventionMaintaining normal weight, exercising, eating properly[1]TreatmentDietary changes, metformin, insulin, bariatric surgery[1][7][8][9]Prognosis10 year shorter life expectancy[10]Frequency392 million (2015)[11]

Diabetes mellitus type2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.[6] Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.[3] Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.[3] Often symptoms come on slowly.[6] Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations.[1] The sudden onset of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state may occur; however, ketoacidosis is uncommon.[4][5]

Type2 diabetes primarily occurs as a result of obesity and lack of exercise.[1] Some people are more genetically at risk than others.[6] Type 2 diabetes makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes, with the other 10% due primarily to diabetes mellitus type 1 and gestational diabetes.[1] In diabetes mellitus type1 there is a lower total level of insulin to control blood glucose, due to an autoimmune induced loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.[12][13] Diagnosis of diabetes is by blood tests such as fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, or glycated hemoglobin (A1C).[3]

Type2 diabetes is partly preventable by staying a normal weight, exercising regularly, and eating properly.[1] Treatment involves exercise and dietary changes.[1] If blood sugar levels are not adequately lowered, the medication metformin is typically recommended.[7][14] Many people may eventually also require insulin injections.[9] In those on insulin, routinely checking blood sugar levels is advised; however, this may not be needed in those taking pills.[15] Bariatric surgery often improves diabetes in those who are obese.[8][16]

Rates of type2 diabetes have increased markedly since 1960 in parallel with obesity.[17] As of 2015 there were approximately 392million people diagnosed with the disease compared to around 30million in 1985.[11][18] Typically it begins in middle or older age,[6] although rates of type 2 diabetes are increasing in young people.[19][20] Type 2 diabetes is associated with a ten-year-shorter life expectancy.[10] Diabetes was one of the first diseases described.[21] The importance of insulin in the disease was determined in the 1920s.[22]

The classic symptoms of diabetes are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss.[23] Other symptoms that are commonly present at diagnosis include a history of blurred vision, itchiness, peripheral neuropathy, recurrent vaginal infections, and fatigue.[13] Many people, however, have no symptoms during the first few years and are diagnosed on routine testing.[13] A small number of people with type2 diabetes mellitus can develop a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (a condition of very high blood sugar associated with a decreased level of consciousness and low blood pressure).[13]

Type 2 diabetes is typically a chronic disease associated with a ten-year-shorter life expectancy.[10] This is partly due to a number of complications with which it is associated, including: two to four times the risk of cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease and stroke; a 20-fold increase in lower limb amputations, and increased rates of hospitalizations.[10] In the developed world, and increasingly elsewhere, type2diabetes is the largest cause of nontraumatic blindness and kidney failure.[24] It has also been associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia through disease processes such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.[25] Other complications include acanthosis nigricans, sexual dysfunction, and frequent infections.[23]

The development of type2 diabetes is caused by a combination of lifestyle and genetic factors.[24][26] While some of these factors are under personal control, such as diet and obesity, other factors are not, such as increasing age, female gender, and genetics.[10] A lack of sleep has been linked to type2 diabetes.[27] This is believed to act through its effect on metabolism.[27] The nutritional status of a mother during fetal development may also play a role, with one proposed mechanism being that of DNA methylation.[28] The intestinal bacteria Prevotella copri and Bacteroides vulgatus have been connected with type2 diabetes.[29]

Lifestyle factors are important to the development of type2 diabetes, including obesity and being overweight (defined by a body mass index of greater than 25), lack of physical activity, poor diet, stress, and urbanization.[10][30] Excess body fat is associated with 30% of cases in those of Chinese and Japanese descent, 6080% of cases in those of European and African descent, and 100% of cases in Pima Indians and Pacific Islanders.[13] Among those who are not obese, a high waisthip ratio is often present.[13] Smoking appears to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.[31]

Dietary factors also influence the risk of developing type2 diabetes. Consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks in excess is associated with an increased risk.[32][33] The type of fats in the diet are important, with saturated fats and trans fatty acids increasing the risk, and polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat decreasing the risk.[26] Eating a lot of white rice appears to play a role in increasing risk.[34] A lack of exercise is believed to cause 7% of cases.[35] Persistent organic pollutants may play a role.[36]

Most cases of diabetes involve many genes, with each being a small contributor to an increased probability of becoming a type2 diabetic.[10] If one identical twin has diabetes, the chance of the other developing diabetes within his lifetime is greater than 90%, while the rate for nonidentical siblings is 2550%.[13] As of 2011, more than 36genes had been found that contribute to the risk of type2 diabetes.[37] All of these genes together still only account for 10% of the total heritable component of the disease.[37] The TCF7L2 allele, for example, increases the risk of developing diabetes by 1.5times and is the greatest risk of the common genetic variants.[13] Most of the genes linked to diabetes are involved in beta cell functions.[13]

There are a number of rare cases of diabetes that arise due to an abnormality in a single gene (known as monogenic forms of diabetes or "other specific types of diabetes").[10][13] These include maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), Donohue syndrome, and RabsonMendenhall syndrome, among others.[10] Maturity onset diabetes of the young constitute 15% of all cases of diabetes in young people.[38]

There are a number of medications and other health problems that can predispose to diabetes.[39] Some of the medications include: glucocorticoids, thiazides, beta blockers, atypical antipsychotics,[40] and statins.[41] Those who have previously had gestational diabetes are at a higher risk of developing type2 diabetes.[23] Other health problems that are associated include: acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, and certain cancers such as glucagonomas.[39] Testosterone deficiency is also associated with type2 diabetes.[42][43]

Type2 diabetes is due to insufficient insulin production from beta cells in the setting of insulin resistance.[13] Insulin resistance, which is the inability of cells to respond adequately to normal levels of insulin, occurs primarily within the muscles, liver, and fat tissue.[44] In the liver, insulin normally suppresses glucose release. However, in the setting of insulin resistance, the liver inappropriately releases glucose into the blood.[10] The proportion of insulin resistance versus beta cell dysfunction differs among individuals, with some having primarily insulin resistance and only a minor defect in insulin secretion and others with slight insulin resistance and primarily a lack of insulin secretion.[13]

Other potentially important mechanisms associated with type2 diabetes and insulin resistance include: increased breakdown of lipids within fat cells, resistance to and lack of incretin, high glucagon levels in the blood, increased retention of salt and water by the kidneys, and inappropriate regulation of metabolism by the central nervous system.[10] However, not all people with insulin resistance develop diabetes, since an impairment of insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells is also required.[13]

The World Health Organization definition of diabetes (both type1 and type2) is for a single raised glucose reading with symptoms, otherwise raised values on two occasions, of either:[47]

A random blood sugar of greater than 11.1mmol/l (200mg/dl) in association with typical symptoms[23] or a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 48mmol/mol (6.5 DCCT%) is another method of diagnosing diabetes.[10] In 2009 an International Expert Committee that included representatives of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) recommended that a threshold of 48mmol/mol (6.5 DCCT%) should be used to diagnose diabetes.[48] This recommendation was adopted by the American Diabetes Association in 2010.[49] Positive tests should be repeated unless the person presents with typical symptoms and blood sugars >11.1mmol/l (>200mg/dl).[48]

Threshold for diagnosis of diabetes is based on the relationship between results of glucose tolerance tests, fasting glucose or HbA1c and complications such as retinal problems.[10] A fasting or random blood sugar is preferred over the glucose tolerance test, as they are more convenient for people.[10] HbA1c has the advantages that fasting is not required and results are more stable but has the disadvantage that the test is more costly than measurement of blood glucose.[50] It is estimated that 20% of people with diabetes in the United States do not realize that they have the disease.[10]

Diabetes mellitus type2 is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.[51] This is in contrast to diabetes mellitus type 1 in which there is an absolute insulin deficiency due to destruction of islet cells in the pancreas and gestational diabetes mellitus that is a new onset of high blood sugars associated with pregnancy.[13] Type1 and type2 diabetes can typically be distinguished based on the presenting circumstances.[48] If the diagnosis is in doubt antibody testing may be useful to confirm type1 diabetes and C-peptide levels may be useful to confirm type2 diabetes,[52] with C-peptide levels normal or high in type2 diabetes, but low in type1 diabetes.[53]

No major organization recommends universal screening for diabetes as there is no evidence that such a program improve outcomes.[54][55] Screening is recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in adults without symptoms whose blood pressure is greater than 135/80mmHg.[56] For those whose blood pressure is less, the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against screening.[56] There is no evidence that it changes the risk of death in this group of people.[55] They also recommend screening among those who are overweight and between the ages of 40 and 70.[57]

The World Health Organization recommends testing those groups at high risk[54] and in 2014 the USPSTF is considering a similar recommendation.[58] High-risk groups in the United States include: those over 45 years old; those with a first degree relative with diabetes; some ethnic groups, including Hispanics, African-Americans, and Native-Americans; a history of gestational diabetes; polycystic ovary syndrome; excess weight; and conditions associated with metabolic syndrome.[23] The American Diabetes Association recommends screening those who have a BMI over 25 (in people of Asian descent screening is recommended for a BMI over 23).[59]

Onset of type2 diabetes can be delayed or prevented through proper nutrition and regular exercise.[60][61] Intensive lifestyle measures may reduce the risk by over half.[24][62] The benefit of exercise occurs regardless of the person's initial weight or subsequent weight loss.[63] High levels of physical activity reduce the risk of diabetes by about 28%.[64] Evidence for the benefit of dietary changes alone, however, is limited,[65] with some evidence for a diet high in green leafy vegetables[66] and some for limiting the intake of sugary drinks.[32] A 2019 review found evidence of benefit from dietary fiber.[67]

In those with impaired glucose tolerance, diet and exercise either alone or in combination with metformin or acarbose may decrease the risk of developing diabetes.[24][68] Lifestyle interventions are more effective than metformin.[24] A 2017 review found that, long term, lifestyle changes decreased the risk by 28%, while medication does not reduce risk after withdrawal.[69] While low vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetes, correcting the levels by supplementing vitamin D3 does not improve that risk.[70]

Management of type2 diabetes focuses on lifestyle interventions, lowering other cardiovascular risk factors, and maintaining blood glucose levels in the normal range.[24] Self-monitoring of blood glucose for people with newly diagnosed type2 diabetes may be used in combination with education,[71] however the benefit of self monitoring in those not using multi-dose insulin is questionable.[24][72] In those who do not want to measure blood levels, measuring urine levels may be done.[71] Managing other cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, high cholesterol, and microalbuminuria, improves a person's life expectancy.[24] Decreasing the systolic blood pressure to less than 140mmHg is associated with a lower risk of death and better outcomes.[73] Intensive blood pressure management (less than 130/80mmHg) as opposed to standard blood pressure management (less than 140-160 mmHg systolic to 85100 mmHg diastolic) results in a slight decrease in stroke risk but no effect on overall risk of death.[74]

Intensive blood sugar lowering (HbA1c<6%) as opposed to standard blood sugar lowering (HbA1c of 77.9%) does not appear to change mortality.[75][76] The goal of treatment is typically an HbA1c of 7 to 8% or a fasting glucose of less than 7.2mmol/L (130mg/dl); however these goals may be changed after professional clinical consultation, taking into account particular risks of hypoglycemia and life expectancy.[59][77][78] Despite guidelines recommending that intensive blood sugar control be based on balancing immediate harms with long-term benefits, many people for example people with a life expectancy of less than nine years who will not benefit, are over-treated.[79]

It is recommended that all people with type2 diabetes get regular eye examination.[13] There is weak evidence suggesting that treating gum disease by scaling and root planing may result in a small short-term improvement in blood sugar levels for people with diabetes.[80] There is no evidence to suggest that this improvement in blood sugar levels is maintained longer than 4 months.[80] There is also not enough evidence to determine if medications to treat gum disease are effective at lowering blood sugar levels.[80]

A proper diet and exercise are the foundations of diabetic care,[23] with a greater amount of exercise yielding better results.[81] Exercise improves blood sugar control, decreases body fat content and decreases blood lipid levels, and these effects are evident even without weight loss.[82] Aerobic exercise leads to a decrease in HbA1c and improved insulin sensitivity.[83] Resistance training is also useful and the combination of both types of exercise may be most effective.[83]

A diabetic diet that promotes weight loss is important.[84] While the best diet type to achieve this is controversial,[84] a low glycemic index diet or low carbohydrate diet has been found to improve blood sugar control.[85][86] A very low calorie diet, begun shortly after the onset of type 2 diabetes, can result in remission of the condition.[87]

Vegetarian diets in general have been related to lower diabetes risk, but do not offer advantages compared with diets which allow moderate amounts of animal products.[88] There is not enough evidence to suggest that cinnamon improves blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.[89]

Culturally appropriate education may help people with type2 diabetes control their blood sugar levels, for up to 24 months.[90] If changes in lifestyle in those with mild diabetes has not resulted in improved blood sugars within six weeks, medications should then be considered.[23] There is not enough evidence to determine if lifestyle interventions affect mortality in those who already have DM2.[62]

There are several classes of anti-diabetic medications available. Metformin is generally recommended as a first line treatment as there is some evidence that it decreases mortality;[7][24][91] however, this conclusion is questioned.[92] Metformin should not be used in those with severe kidney or liver problems.[23]

A second oral agent of another class or insulin may be added if metformin is not sufficient after three months.[77] Other classes of medications include: sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs.[77] As of 2015 there was no significant difference between these agents.[77] A 2018 review found that SGLT2 inhibitors may be better than glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors.[93]

Rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, has not been found to improve long-term outcomes even though it improves blood sugar levels.[94] Additionally it is associated with increased rates of heart disease and death.[95] Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) prevent kidney disease and improve outcomes in those with diabetes.[96][97] The similar medications angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) do not.[97] A 2016 review recommended treating to a systolic blood pressure of 140 to 150 mmHg.[98]

Injections of insulin may either be added to oral medication or used alone.[24] Most people do not initially need insulin.[13] When it is used, a long-acting formulation is typically added at night, with oral medications being continued.[23][24] Doses are then increased to effect (blood sugar levels being well controlled).[24] When nightly insulin is insufficient, twice daily insulin may achieve better control.[23] The long acting insulins glargine and detemir are equally safe and effective,[99] and do not appear much better than neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, but as they are significantly more expensive, they are not cost effective as of 2010.[100] In those who are pregnant insulin is generally the treatment of choice.[23]

Vitamin D supplementation to people with type 2 diabetes may improve markers of insulin resistance and HbA1c.[101]

Weight loss surgery in those who are obese is an effective measure to treat diabetes.[102] Many are able to maintain normal blood sugar levels with little or no medication following surgery[103] and long-term mortality is decreased.[104] There however is some short-term mortality risk of less than 1% from the surgery.[105] The body mass index cutoffs for when surgery is appropriate are not yet clear.[104] It is recommended that this option be considered in those who are unable to get both their weight and blood sugar under control.[106][107]

Globally as of 2015 it was estimated that there were 392million people with type2 diabetes making up about 90% of diabetes cases.[10][11] This is equivalent to about 6% of the world's population.[11] Diabetes is common both in the developed and the developing world.[10] It remains uncommon, however, in the least developed countries.[13]

Women seem to be at a greater risk as do certain ethnic groups,[10][108] such as South Asians, Pacific Islanders, Latinos, and Native Americans.[23] This may be due to enhanced sensitivity to a Western lifestyle in certain ethnic groups.[109] Traditionally considered a disease of adults, type2 diabetes is increasingly diagnosed in children in parallel with rising obesity rates.[10] Type2 diabetes is now diagnosed as frequently as type1 diabetes in teenagers in the United States.[13]

Rates of diabetes in 1985 were estimated at 30million, increasing to 135million in 1995 and 217million in 2005.[18] This increase is believed to be primarily due to the global population aging, a decrease in exercise, and increasing rates of obesity.[18] The five countries with the greatest number of people with diabetes as of 2000 are India having 31.7million, China 20.8million, the United States 17.7million, Indonesia 8.4million, and Japan 6.8million.[110] It is recognized as a global epidemic by the World Health Organization.[1]

Diabetes is one of the first diseases described[21] with an Egyptian manuscript from c. 1500 BCE mentioning "too great emptying of the urine."[111] The first described cases are believed to be of type1 diabetes.[111] Indian physicians around the same time identified the disease and classified it as madhumeha or honey urine noting that the urine would attract ants.[111] The term "diabetes" or "to pass through" was first used in 230BCE by the Greek Apollonius Of Memphis.[111] The disease was rare during the time of the Roman empire with Galen commenting that he had only seen two cases during his career.[111]

Type1 and type2 diabetes were identified as separate conditions for the first time by the Indian physicians Sushruta and Charaka in 400500AD with type1 associated with youth and type2 with being overweight.[111] The term "mellitus" or "from honey" was added by the Briton John Rolle in the late 1700s to separate the condition from diabetes insipidus which is also associated with frequent urination.[111] Effective treatment was not developed until the early part of the 20th century when the Canadians Frederick Banting and Charles Best discovered insulin in 1921 and 1922.[111] This was followed by the development of the long acting NPH insulin in the 1940s.[111]

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VetStem Technology: Summary

VetStem Regenerative Cell Therapy is based on a clinical technology licensed from Artecel Inc. Original patents are from the University of Pittsburgh and Duke University.

Adipose-derived regenerative cells are:

VetStem Regenerative Cell (VSRC) therapy delivers a functionally diverse cell population able to communicate with other cells in their local environment. Until recently, differentiation was thought to be the primary function of regenerative cells. However, the functions of regenerative cells are now known to be much more diverse and are implicated in a highly integrated and complex network. VSRC therapy should be viewed as a complex, yet balanced, approach to a therapeutic goal. Unlike traditional medicine, in which one drug targets one receptor, Regenerative Medicine, including VSRC therapy, can be applied in a wide variety of traumatic and developmental diseases. Regenerative cell functions include:

In general, in vitro studies demonstrate that MSCs limit inflammatory responses and promote anti-inflammatory pathways.

Multiple studies demonstrate that MSCs secrete bioactive levels of cytokines and growth factors that support angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, differentiation, and antiapoptotic events.25,28 MSCs secrete a number of angiogenesis-related cytokines such as:28

Adipose-derived MSC studies demonstrate a diverse plasticity, including differentiation into adipo-, osteo-, chondro-, myo-, cardiomyo-, endothelial, hepato-, neuro-, epithelial, and hematopoietic lineages, similar to that described for bone marrow derived MSCs.22 These data are supported by in vivo experiments and functional studies that demonstrated the regenerative capacity of adipose-derived MSCs to repair damaged or diseased tissue via transplant engraftment and differentiation.6,9,30

Homing (chemotaxis) is an event by which a cell migrates from one area of the body to a distant site where it may be needed for a given physiological event. Homing is an important function of MSCs and other progenitor cells and one mechanism by which intravenous or parenteral administration of MSCs permits an auto-transplanted therapeutic cell to effectively target a specific area of pathology.

Adipose-derived regenerative cells contain endothelial progenitor cells and MSCs that assist in angiogenesis and neovascularization by the secretion of cytokines, such as hepatic growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), and angiopoietin.25

Apoptosis is defined as a programmed cell death or cell suicide, an event that is genetically controlled.35 Under normal conditions, apoptosis determines the lifespan and coordinated removal of cells. Unlike during necrosis, apoptotic cells are typically intact during their removal (phagocytosis).

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Many human genetic engineering pros and cons are there that have stayed the same since its introduction to humanity. When the humans started harnessing the atomic powers, then just few years later they also start recognizing the effects of human genetic engineering on mankind. Many scientists have a belief that gene therapy can be a mainstream for saving lives of many people. A lot of human genetic engineering pros and cons have been involved since the evolution of genetic engineering. Mentioned below are some important advantages or pros of genetic engineering:

Other human genetic engineering pros and cons include the desirable characteristics in different plants and animals at the same time convenient. One can also do the manipulation of genes in trees or big plants. This will enable the trees to absorb increased amount of carbon dioxide, and it will reduce the effects of global warming. However, there is a question from critics that whether man has the right to do such manipulations or alterations in the genes of natural things.

With human genetic engineering, there is always a chance for altering the wheat plants genetics, which will then enable it to grow insulin. Human genetic engineering pros and cons have been among the concern of a lot of people involved in genetic engineering. Likewise the pros, certain cons are there of using the genetic engineering. Mentioned below are the cons of human genetic engineering:

The evolution of genetic engineering gets the consideration of being the biggest breakthroughs in the history of mankind after the evolution of atomic energy, and few other scientific discoveries. However, human genetic engineering pros and cons together have contributed a lot in creating a controversial image of it among the people.

All these eventualities have forced the government of many countries to make strict legislation laws to put restrictions on different experiment being made on human genetic engineering. They have made this decision by considering different human genetic engineering pros and cons.

Human Genetic Engineering Pros And Cons

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Every second of your life you are under attack. Bacteria, viruses, spores and more living stuff wants to enter your body and use its resources for itself. The immune system is a powerful army of cells that fights like a T-Rex on speed and sacrifices itself for your survival. Without it you would die in no time. This sounds simple but the reality is complex, beautiful and just awesome. An animation of the immune system.

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Why you are still alive - The immune system explained

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An experimental treatment for multiple sclerosis is showing promise in stopping symptoms of the disease, according to a new study that found that a single stem cell transplant could stop or delay symptoms better than some medications. Just over 75 percent of patients who took drugs over a five-year period saw their disease get worse while less than 10 percent of those who had a transplant saw their condition worsen.

As CBS News' Dr. Tara Narula reports, this procedure could be life-changing for some of the 2.3 million people affected by the chronic condition worldwide. Narula met two women who struggled for years with a relapsing-remitting MS. But current drug treatments are expensive, most require daily medications and have serious side effects. These women decided to volunteer for a small clinical trial to test a risky stem cell procedure that appears to be paying off.

Amanda Loy never imagined she'd be battling the Alaska elements on her runs instead of battling her disease. Loy was diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS, the form that comes and goes in sporadic episodes, bringing her life to a sudden halt.

"Both of my arms went numb and I wasn't really able to use them well," Loy said.

Every month she underwent a drug infusion and took half a dozen other medications, but her symptoms just got worse.

"I started having bladder problems and my balance was really bad, requiring the cane more often," she said. MS is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks itself and damages myelin, the protective covering surrounding nerve cells. With that insulation compromised, the nerves deteriorate and can cause a wide range of symptoms including vision problems, fatigue and weakness. So Loy traveled almost 3,000 miles to Chicago to participate in a trial with the hope of stopping the disease in its tracks.

"Transplants ended up being markedly superior in all the perimeters we looked at," said Dr. Richard Burt, who led the international trial at Northwestern Medicine. "You have to select the right group of patients there's these really aggressive ones that are very relapsing and inflammatory that it works extremely well in."

Here's how it works: a patient's own stem cells are collected and stored. During a two-week stay in the hospital, high-dose chemo is given to wipe out the immune system. Then, the stem cells are infused back into the patient to "re-boot" the body's immune system.

Trudee Manderfield was just 23 when she received her diagnosis. She had trouble walking and temporarily went blind in one eye. In 2013, with an infant daughter, she was ready to try the new treatment. She was scared, but excited about the possibilities.

"I knew that I couldn't just keep going the way that I was going," Manderfield said. "There's a lot of potential side effects, I mean any procedure will have a side effect of death and, as a new mom, I go 'OK, well that would be bad' but I knew that I had to give it a shot."

The transplant might not be a permanent fix. There are serious risks like infertility, infection, and even death. As for Manderfield, she's keeping up with her three active children and Amanda Loy plans to head back to Chicago, not for treatment, but to run the city's marathon in October.

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Integrative Medical Approach

Integrative medicine places the patient at the center of a holistic approach to medical care. Patient's individual needs, risks, and goals are the main driving forces of any integrative therapy. Physicians practicing integrative medicine emphasize that treatment of every aspect of a person's health is crucial to the success of the healing process:

To request more information, please contact our Cape Coral integrative medicine clinic today! Call (239) 425-2900 or contact Dr. Doreen DeStefano online.

Integrative medicine is a multi-disciplinary approach that combines the scientific advances and a variety of effective therapies to treat disease.

Integrative medicine combines conventional and complementary treatment options to achieve optimal health for the patient. It is based on the research which demonstrates that the human body has an innate healing mechanism. Illness occurs when the regenerative processes in the body are disturbed, and the body can no longer keep itself healthy.

Integrative medicine emphasizes the use of the least invasive treatment options necessary to bring the body to a healthy state.

Integrative medicine physicians focus on health optimization and often combine a variety of methods to optimize their patients' health:

To request more information, please contact our Cape Coral integrative medicine clinic today! Call (239) 425-2900 or contact Dr. Doreen DeStefano online.

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Integrative Medicine Clinic in Cape Coral, FL

Overlake EyeCare has the unique benefit of having Dr. Mary Coday, our Harvard trained ophthalmologist.

Ophthalmology focuses on treating diseases and conditions that affect the anatomy and physiology of the eye. What this means is that an ophthalmologist takes care of both surgical procedures and medical care for the eye. They are specialists in dealing with multiple eye diseases and conditions.

Becoming an ophthalmologist requires a medical degree and completing residency like other branches of medicine. Some ophthalmologists can undergo additional training if they choose and focus on a specialty within the field.

Ophthalmology training covers the entire spectrum of eye care. Ophthalmologists are trained to do thorough eye exams to prescribe glasses or contact lenses, offer medical treatment for assorted eye problems, and do complex and delicate eye surgeries for qualified candidates.

An ophthalmologist is a licensed medical doctor, so they are permitted to practice medicine and surgery. At Overlake EyeCare ouroptometrists and ophthalmologistwork together to provide complete eye care for ourpatients.

The field of ophthalmology includes multiple sub-specialties where an ophthalmologist can focus on treating and curing specific types of eye problems. This can make it easier to address specific needs of eye patients.

These ophthalmology sub-specialties include:

Cornea and External Disease: Diagnosing and treating diseases related to the cornea, sclera and eyelids are the primary focus of this specialty. Training within this specialty includes doing corneal transplant surgery and other types of corneal surgery.

Glaucoma: This specialty concentrates on medical and surgical treatment of glaucoma and other age related vision disorders that can create optic nerve damage through increased ocular pressure.

Neuro-ophthalmology: A nonsurgical specialty focused on diseases affecting the optic nerve and visual pathways. It deals with the relationship between neurologic and ophthalmic diseases and can be combined with eye and orbital surgery.

Ophthalmic Pathology: An ophthalmic pathologist examines tissue samples culled from the eye and adnexa in helping to diagnose eye diseases and vision problems.

Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery: With this specialty, the focus is on reconstructive surgery in facial and orbital areas. It can include complex surgeries on eyelids, orbits, certain facial bones, and the lacrimal system.

Pediatric Ophthalmology: This specialty focuses on dealing with vision problems and eye diseases affecting children. Pediatric ophthalmologists offer medical and surgical treatment of genetic ocular abnormalities and serious eye diseases before a patient reaches adulthood.

Vitreoretinal Diseases: Medical and surgical treatment of diseases affecting the retina and vitreous are the focus of this specialty. These diseases can be genetic and systemic in origin. A vitreoretinal ophthalmologist uses tools like ultrasound fluorescein, angiography and electrophysiology to make a diagnosis. From there, they treat vitreoretinal diseases through using such procedures as laser therapy, cryotherapy, retinal detachment surgery and vitrectomy.

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Ophthalmology | Overlake EyeCare in Bellevue, WA

Integrative & Holistic Medicine

We're here to answer your questions! 770-676-6000 X

Before we discuss who we are and what we do, we want to answer the most important question of all "What is Integrative Medicine?"

Integrative Medicine is a partnership between the patient and the practitioner in the healing process appropriately using conventional and natural therapies to facilitate the bodys natural healing response.

What are the principles of integrative medicine?

Where traditional medicine focuses on the symptoms, integrative medicine looks to identify and treat the root cause of why the symptom is occurring in the first place.

If you have a chronic headaches, a traditional physician will give you a prescription in order to minimize your headaches.

We take this further and ask the question, Why do you have a headache? Through the use of state of art diagnostics we have helped patients identify the root cause such as dehydration, food sensitivities, inflammation, etc.

The goal is to stop their symptoms from occurring. Integrative medicine does not replace traditional medicine; it actually enhances it by allowing the body to heal through the partnership of the patient and physician.

Good medicine should be inquiry-driven and be open to new paradigms. The use of natural, less invasive, interventions are used whenever possible, unless it is an acute infection. This includes the use of broader concepts or promotion of health, and the prevention of illness, as well as the treatment of disease.

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of a cure. If you prevent a disease, youll be able to handle more acute situations more effectively.

Integrative medicine uses a team approach. We have medical doctors, osteopathic doctors, naturopathic doctors, chiropractors, and dietitians who work together. Each practitioner comes to us with a unique background in Integrative Medicine & combined with our commitment to ongoing education we are leading a medical movement in Integrative Medicine. That is what makes Progressive Medical Center unique.

Can You Solve My Problem?

Traditional medicine is effective for treating acute infection and conditions of that sort, but remarkably ineffective at successfully treating chronic conditions where patients often experience pain for months or even years on end. This is where Integrative Medicine triumphs. If youve experienced a prolonged struggle with any medical issue then an integrative solution may be what you need to significantly improve your quality of life.

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Inattentional blindness, also known as perceptual blindness, is a psychological lack of attention that is not associated with any vision defects or deficits. It may be further defined as the event in which an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus that is in plain sight. When it simply becomes impossible for one to attend to all the stimuli in a given situation, a temporary blindness effect can take place as a result; that is, individuals fail to see objects or stimuli that are unexpected and quite often salient.[1] The term was coined by Arien Mack and Irvin Rock in 1992 and was used as the title of their book of the same name, published by MIT press in 1998,[2] in which they describe the discovery of the phenomenon and include a collection of procedures used in describing it.[3] A famous study that demonstrated inattentional blindness asked participants whether or not they noticed a gorilla walking through the scene of a visual task they had been given.[1]

Research on inattentional blindness suggests that the phenomenon can occur in any individual, independent of cognitive deficits. However, recent evidence shows that patients with ADHD performed better attentionally when engaging in inattentional blindness tasks than control patients did,[4] suggesting that some mental deficits may decrease the effects of this phenomenon. Recent studies have also looked at age differences and inattentional blindness scores, and results show that the effect increases as humans age.[5][6][7] There is mixed evidence that consequential unexpected objects are noticed more: Some studies suggest that we can detect threatening unexpected stimuli more easily than nonthreatening ones,[8][9] but other studies suggest that this is not the case.[10][11][12] There is some evidence that objects associated with reward are noticed more.[12]

Numerous experiments[13] and art work [14][15][16][17] has demonstrated that inattentional blindness also has an effect on people's perception.

The following criteria are required to classify an event as an inattentional blindness episode: 1) the observer must fail to notice a visual object or event, 2) the object or event must be fully visible, 3) observers must be able to readily identify the object if they are consciously perceiving it,[3] and 4) the event must be unexpected and the failure to see the object or event must be due to the engagement of attention on other aspects of the visual scene and not due to aspects of the visual stimulus itself.[3] Individuals who experience inattentional blindness are usually unaware of this effect, which can play a subsequent role on behavior.

Inattentional blindness is related to but distinct from other failures of visual awareness such as change blindness, repetition blindness, visual masking, and attentional blink. The key aspect of inattentional blindess which makes it distinct from other failures in awareness rests on the fact that the undetected stimulus is unexpected.[18] It is the unexpected nature of said stimulus that differentiates inattentional blindness from failures of awareness such as attentional failures like the aforementioned attentional blink. It is critical to acknowledge that occurrences of inattentional blindness are attributed to the failure to consciously attend to an item in the visual field as opposed the absence of cognitive processing.

Findings such as inattentional blindness the failure to notice a fully visible but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task, event, or object has changed views on how the brain stores and integrates visual information, and has led to further questioning and investigation of the brain and importantly of cognitive processes.

Cognitive capture or, cognitive tunneling, is an inattentional blindness phenomenon in which the observer is too focused on instrumentation, task at hand, internal thought, etc. and not on the present environment. For example, while driving, a driver focused on the speedometer and not on the road is suffering from cognitive capture.[a]

One of the most foremost conflicts among researchers of inattentional blindness surrounds the processing of unattended stimuli. More specifically, there is disagreement in the literature about exactly how much processing of a visual scene is completed before selection dictates which stimuli will be consciously perceived, and which will not be (i.e. inattentional blindness). There exists two basic schools of thought on the issue those who believe selection occurs early in the perceptual process, and those who believe it occurs only after significant processing.[19] Early selection theorists propose that perception of stimuli is a limited process requiring selection to proceed. This suggests that the decision to attend to specific stimuli occurs early in processing, soon after the rudimentary study of physical features; only those selected stimuli are then fully processed. On the other hand, proponents of late selection theories argue that perception is an unlimited operation, and all stimuli in a visual scene are processed simultaneously. In this case, selection of relevant information is done after full processing of all stimuli.[20]

While early research on the topic was heavily focused on early selection, research since the late 1970s has been shifted mainly to the late selection theories. This change resulted primarily from a shift in paradigms used to study inattentional blindness which revealed new aspects of the phenomenon.[21] Today, late selection theories are generally accepted, and continue to be the focus of the majority of research concerning inattentional blindness.

A significant body of research has been gathered in support of late selection in the perception of visual stimuli.

One of the popular ways of investigating late selection is to assess the priming properties (i.e. influencing subsequent acts[22]) of unattended stimuli. Often used to demonstrate such effects is the stem completion task. While there exist a few variations, these studies generally consist of showing participants the first few letters of words, and asking them to complete the string of letters to form an English word.[22] It has been demonstrated that observers are significantly more likely to complete word fragments with the unattended stimuli presented in a trial than with another similar word.[2] This effect holds when stimuli are not words, but instead objects. When photos of objects are shown too quickly for participants to identify, subsequent presentation of those items lead to significantly faster identification in comparison to novel objects.[22]

A notable study by Mack and Rock has also revealed that showing a word stimulus differing from the participant's name by one letter did not generally call conscious attention. By simply changing a character, transforming the presented word into the observer's first name, the now highly meaningful stimulus is significantly more likely to be attended to. This suggests that the stimuli are being extensively processed, at least enough to analyze their meaning. These results point to the fact that attentional selection may be determined late in processing.[2]

The evidence outlined above suggests that even when stimuli are not processed to the level of conscious attention, they are nonetheless perceptually and cognitively processed, and can indeed exert effects on subsequent behavior.[23]

While the evidence supporting late selection hypotheses is significant and has been consistently reproduced, there also exists a body of research suggesting that unattended stimuli in fact may not receive significant processing.

For example, in an functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study by Rees and colleagues, brain activity was recorded while participants completed a perceptual task. Here they examined the neural processing of meaningful (words) and meaningless (consonant string) stimuli both when attended to, and when these same items were unattended. While no difference in activation patterns were found between the groups when the stimuli were unattended, differences in neural processing were observed for meaningful versus meaningless stimuli to which participants overtly attended. This pattern of results suggests that ignored stimuli are not processed to the level of meaning, i.e. less extensively than attended stimuli.[24] Participants do not seem to be detecting meaning in stimuli to which they are not consciously attending.

This particular hypothesis bridges the gap between the early and late selection theories. Authors integrate the viewpoint of early selection stating that perception is a limited process (i.e. cognitive resources are limited), and that of the late selection theories assuming perception as an automatic process.[20] This view proposes that the level of processing which occurs for any one stimulus is dependent on the current perceptual load. That is, if the current task is attentionally demanding and its processing exhausts all the available resources, little remains available to process other non-target stimuli in the visual field. Alternatively, if processing requires a small amount of attentional resources, perceptual load is low and attention is inescapably directed to the non-target stimuli.[19]

The effects of perceptual load on the occurrence of inattentional blindness is demonstrated in a study by Fougnie and Marois. Here, participants were asked to complete a memory task involving either the simple maintenance of verbal stimuli, or the rearrangement of this material, a more cognitively demanding exercise. While subjects were completing the assigned task, an unexpected visual stimulus was presented. Results revealed that unexpected stimuli were more likely to be missed during manipulation of information than in the more simple rehearsal task.[25]

In a similar type of study, fMRI recordings were done while subjects took part in either low-demand or high-demand subtraction tasks. While performing these exercises, novel visual distractors were presented. When task demands were low and used a smaller portion of the finite resources, distractors captured attention and sparked visual analysis as shown by brain activation in the primary visual cortex. These results, however, did not hold when perceptual load was high; in this condition, distractors were significantly less often attended to and processed.[19]

Thus, higher perceptual load, and therefore more significant use of attentional resources, appears to increase the likelihood of inattentional blindness episodes.

The theory of inattentional amnesia provides an alternative in the explanation of inattentional blindness in suggesting that the phenomenon does not stem from failures in capture of attention or in actual perception of stimuli, but instead from a failure in memory. The unnoticed stimuli in a visual scene are attended to and consciously perceived, but are rapidly forgotten rendering them impossible to report.[26] In essence, inattentional amnesia refers to the failure in creating a lasting explicit memory: by the time a subject is asked to recall seeing an item, their memory for the stimulus has vanished.[27]

While it is difficult to tease apart a failure in perception from one in memory, some research has attempted to shed light on the issue. In a now-classic study of inattentional blindness, a woman carrying an umbrella through a scene goes unnoticed. Despite stopping the video while she is walking through and immediately asking participants to identify which of two people they have seen leaving as little delay as possible between presentation and report observers very often fail to correctly identify the woman with the umbrella. No differences in performance were identified whether the video was stopped immediately after the unexpected event or moments later. These findings would seem to oppose the idea of inattentional amnesia, however advocates of the theory could always contend that the memory test simply came too late and that the memory had already been lost.[28]

The very phenomenon of inattentional blindness is defined by a lack of expectation for the unattended stimulus. Some researchers believe that it is not inattention that produces blindness, but in fact the aforementioned lack of expectation for the stimuli.[23] Proponents of this theory often state that classic methods for testing inattentional blindness are not manipulating attention per se, but instead the expectation for the presentation of a visual item.[29]

Studies investigating the effect of expectation on episodes of inattentional blindness have shown that once observers are made aware of the importance of the stimuli to be presented, for example stating that one will later be tested on it, the phenomenon essentially disappears.[2] While admitting to possible ambiguities in methodology, Mack, one of the foremost researchers in the field, holds strongly that inattentional blindness stems predominantly from a failure of attentional capture. She points out that if expectation does not mediate instances of very closely linked phenomena such as attentional blink and change blindness (whereby participants have difficulty identifying the changing object even when they are explicitly told to look for it), it is unlikely that inattentional blindness can be explained solely by a lack of expectation for stimulus presentation.[23]

The perceptual cycle framework has been used as another theoretical basis for inattentional blindness. The perceptual cycle framework describes attention capture and awareness capture as occurring at two different stages of processing. Attention capture occurs when there is a shift in attention due to the salience of a stimuli, and awareness capture refers to the conscious acknowledgement of stimuli. Attentional sets are important because it is composed of characteristics of stimuli an individual is processing. Inattentional blindness occurs when there is an interaction between an individual's attentional set and the salience of the unexpected stimulus. Recognizing the unexpected stimulus can occur when the characteristics of the unexpected stimulus resembles the characteristics of the perceived stimuli. The attentional set theory of inattentional blindness has implications for false memories and eyewitness testimony. The perceptual cycle framework offers four major implications about inattentional blindness 1) environmental cues aid in the detection of stimuli by providing orienting cues but is not enough to produce awareness, 2) perception requires effortful sustained attention, interpretation, and reinterpretation, 3) implicit memory may precede conscious perception, and 4) visual stimuli that is not expected, explored, or interpreted may not be perceived.[30]

Other bases for attentional blindness include top down and bottom up processing.

To test for inattentional blindness, researchers ask participants to complete a primary task while an unexpected stimulus is presented. Afterwards, researchers ask participants if they saw anything unusual during the primary task. Arien Mack and Irvin Rock describe a series of experiments that demonstrated inattentional blindness in their 1998 book, Inattentional Blindness.

The best-known study demonstrating inattentional blindness is the Invisible Gorilla Test, conducted by Daniel Simons of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Christopher Chabris of Harvard University. This study, a revised version of earlier studies conducted by Ulric Neisser, Neisser and Becklen in 1975, asked subjects to watch a short video of two groups of people (wearing black and white T-shirts) passing a basketball around. The subjects are told either to count the passes made by one of the teams or to keep count of bounce passes vs. aerial passes. In different versions of the video a person walks through the scene carrying an umbrella (as discussed above) or wearing a full gorilla suit. After watching the video, the subjects are asked whether they noticed anything out of the ordinary taking place. In most groups, 50% of the subjects did not report seeing the gorilla (or the person with the umbrella). Failure to perceive the anomalies is attributed to failure to attend to it while engaged in the difficult task of counting passes of the ball. These results indicate that the relationship between what is in one's visual field and perception is based much more on attention than was previously thought.[31]

Out 228 participants of the tests, only 194 those who did count the passes correctly were used for statistical purposes further. The percentage was even as low as 8% in one of the 16 tests performed.[32][33]

The basic Simons and Chabris study was reused on British television as a public safety advert designed to point out the potential dangers to cyclists caused by inattentional blindness in motorists. In the advert the gorilla is replaced by a moon-walking bear.[34]

In 1995, Officer Kenny Conley was chasing a shooting suspect. An undercover officer was in the same vicinity and was mistakenly taken down by other officers while Conley ran by and failed to notice. A jury later convicted Officer Conley of perjury and obstruction of justice, believing he had seen the fight and lied about it to protect fellow officers, yet he stood by his word that he had, in fact, not seen it.[35]

Christopher Chabris, Adam Weinberger, Matthew Fontaine and Daniel J. Simons took it upon themselves to see if this scenario was possible. They designed an experiment in which participants were asked to run about 30 feet behind an experimenter, and count how many times he touched his head. A fight was staged to appear about 8 meters off the path, and was visible for approximately 15 seconds. The procedure in its entirety lasted about 2 minutes and 45 seconds, and participants were then asked to report the number of times they had seen the experimenter touch his head with either hand (medium load), both hands (high load), or were not instructed to count at all (low load). After the run, participants were asked 3 questions: 1) If they had noticed the fight; 2) if they had noticed a juggler, and 3) if they had noticed someone dribbling a basketball. Questions 2) and 3) were control questions, and no one falsely reported these as true.

Participants were significantly more likely to notice the fight when the experiment was done during the day as opposed to in the dark. Additionally, sightings of the fight were most likely to be reported in the low load condition (72%) than in either the medium load (56%), or high load conditions (42%).[36] These results exemplify a real world occurrence of inattentional blindness, and provide evidence that officer Conley could indeed have missed the fight because his attention was focused elsewhere. Moreover, these results add to the body of knowledge suggesting that as perceptual load increases, less resources remain to process items not explicitly focused on, and in turn episodes of inattentional blindness become more frequent.

Another experiment was conducted by Steven Most, along with Daniel Simons, Christopher Chabris and Brian Scholl. Instead of a basketball game, they used stimuli presented by computer displays. In this experiment objects moved randomly on a computer screen. Participants were instructed to attend to the black objects and ignore the white, or vice versa. After several trials, a red cross unexpectedly appeared and traveled across the display, remaining on the computer screen for five seconds. The results of the experiment showed that even though the cross was distinctive from the black and white objects both in color and shape, about a third of participants missed it. They had found that people may be attentionally tuned to certain perceptual dimensions, such as brightness or shape. Inattentional blindness is most likely to occur if the unexpected stimuli presented resembles the environment.[37]

One interesting experiment displayed how cell phones contributed to inattentional blindness in basic tasks such as walking. The stimulus for this experiment was a brightly colored clown on a unicycle. The individuals participating in this experiment were divided into four sections. They were either talking on the phone, listening to an mp3 player, walking by themselves or walking in pairs. The study showed that individuals engaged in cell phone conversations were least likely to notice the clown. This experiment was designed by Ira E. Hyman, S. Matthew Boss, Breanne M. Wise, Kira E. Mckenzie and Jenna M. Caggiano at Western Washington University.[38]

Daniel Memmert conducted an experiment which suggests that an individual can look directly at an object and still not perceive it. This experiment was based on the invisible gorilla experiment. The participants were children with an average age of 7.7 years. Participants watched a short video of a six-player basketball game (three with white shirts, three with black shirts). The participants were instructed to watch only the players wearing black shirts and to count the times the team passed the ball. During the video a person in a gorilla suit walks through the scene. The film was projected onto a large screen (3.2 m X 2.4 m) and the participants sat in a chair 6 meters from the screen. Participants' eye movement and fixations were recorded during the video, and afterward the participants answered a series of questions.

Only 40% of the participants reported seeing the gorilla. There was no significant difference in accuracy of the counting between the two groups. Analyzing the eye movement and fixation data showed no significant difference in time spent looking at the players (black or white) between the two groups. However, the 60% of participants who did not report seeing the gorilla spent an average of 25 frames (about one second) fixated on the gorilla, despite not perceiving it.[39]

A more common example of blindness despite fixation is illustrated in the game of Three-card Monte.

Another experiment conducted by Daniel Memmert tested the effects of different levels of expertise can have on inattentional blindness. The participants in this experiment included six different groups: Adult basketball experts with an average of twelve years of experience, junior basketball experts with an average of five years, children who had practiced the game for an average of two years, and novice counterparts for each age group. In this experiment the participants watched the invisible gorilla experiment video. The participants were instructed to watch only the players wearing white and to count the times the team passed the ball.

The results showed that experts did not count the passes more accurately than novices but did show that adult subjects were more accurate than the junior and child subjects. A much higher percentage of experts noticed the gorilla compared with novices and even the practiced children. 62% of the adult experts and 60% of the junior experts noticed the gorilla, suggesting that the difference between five and twelve years of experience has minimal effect on inattentional blindness. However, only 38% of the adult, 35% of the junior, and none of the child novices noticed the gorilla. Only 18% of the children with two years of practice noticed. This suggests that both age and experience can have a significant effect on inattentional blindness.[39]

Arien Mack and Irvin Rock's concluded in 1998 that no conscious perception can occur without attention.[2] Evidence through research on inattentional blindness contemplates that it may be possible that inattentional blindness reflects a problem with memory rather than with perception.[2] It is argued that at least some instances of inattentional blindness are better characterized as memory failures than perceptual failures. The extent to which unattended stimuli fail to engage perceptual processing is an empirical question that the combination of inattentional blindness and other various measures of processing can be used to address.[3]

The theory behind inattentional blindness research suggests that we consciously experience only those objects and events to which we directly attend.[2] That means that the vast majority of information in our field of vision goes unnoticed. Thus if we miss the target stimulus in an experiment, but are later told about the existence of the stimulus, this sufficient awareness allows participants to report and recall the stimulus now that attention has been allocated to it.[3] Mack and Rock, and their colleagues discovered a striking array of visual events to which people are inattentionally blind.[2] However the debate arises whether this inattentional blindness was due to memory or perceptual processing limitations.

Mack and Rock note that explanations for inattentional blindness can reflect a basic failure of perceptual processes to be engaged by unattended stimuli. Or that it may reflect a failure of memorial processes to encode information about unattended stimuli. It is important to note that the memory failure does not have to do with forgetting something that has been encoded by losing access to the memory of the stimulus from time of presentation to time of retrieval, rather that the failure is attributed to information not being encoded when the stimulus was present.[2] It seems that inattentional blindness can be explained by both memory and perceptual failures because in experimental research participants may fail to report what was on display due to failures in encoded information (memory) or a failure in perceptually processed information (perception).[2]

There are similarities in the types of unconscious processing apparent in inattentional blindness and in neuropsychological syndromes such as visual neglect and extinction. The analogy between these phenomenon's seems to generate more questions as well as answers. These answers are fundamental for our understanding of the relationship between attention, stimulus coding and behavior.

Research has shown that some aspects of the syndrome of unilateral visual neglect appear to be similar to normal subjects in a state of inattentional blindness. In neglect, patients with lesions to the parietal cortex fail to respond to and report stimuli presented on the side of space contralateral to damage.[23][40] That is, they appear to be functionally blind to a range of stimuli. Since such lesions do not result in any sensory deficits, shortcomings have been explained in terms of a lack of attentional processing, for which the parietal cortex plays a large role.[41] These phenomena draw strong parallels to one another, as in both cases stimuli are perceptible but unreported when unattended.

In the phenomenon of extinction, patients can report the presence of a single stimulus presented on the affected side, but then fail to detect it when a second stimulus is presented simultaneously on the "good" (ipsilateral) side.[42] Here the stimulus on the affected side seems to lose under conditions of attentional competition from stimuli in the ipsilesional field.[42] The consequence of this competition is that the extinguished items may not be detected.

Similar to studies of inattentional blindness, there is evidence of processing taking place in the neglected field. For example, there can be semantic priming from a stimulus presented in the neglected field, which affects responses to stimuli subsequently presented on the unimpaired side.[43] Apparently in both neglect and inattentional blindness, there is some level processing of stimuli even when they are unattended.[43] However one major difference between neuropsychological symptoms such as neglect and extinction, and inattentional blindness concerns the role of expectation.[43] In inattentional blindness, subjects do not expect the unreported stimulus. In contrast, in neglect and extinction, patients may expect a stimulus to be presented on the affected side but still fail to report it when another it may be that expectation affects reportability but not the implicit processing of stimuli.[43]

Further explanations of the phenomenon of inattentional blindness include inattentional amnesia, inattentional agnosia and change blindness.

An explanation for this phenomenon is that observers see the critical object in their visual field but fail to process it extensively enough to retain it. Individuals experience inattentional agnosia after having seen the target stimuli but not consciously being able to identify what the stimuli is. It is possible that observers are not even able to identify that the stimuli they are seeing are coherent objects.[44] Thus observers perceive some representation of the stimuli but are actually unaware of what that stimulus is. It is because the stimulus is not encoded as a specific thing, that it later is not remembered. Individuals fail to report what the stimuli is after it has been removed. However, despite a lack in ability to fully process the stimuli, experiments have shown a priming effect of the critical stimuli. This priming effect indicates that the stimuli must have been processed to some degree, this occurs even if observers are unable to report what the stimuli is.[45]

Inattentional blindness is the failure to see a stimulus, such as an object that is present in a visual field. However, change blindness is the failure to notice something different about a visual display. Change blindness is a directly related to memory, individuals who experience the effects of change blindness fail to notice something different about a visual display from one moment to the next.[18] In experiments that test for this phenomenon participants are shown an image that is then followed by another duplicate image that has had a single change made to it. Participants are asked to compare and contrast the two images and identify what the change is. In inattentional blindness experiments, participants fail to identify some stimulus in a single display, a phenomenon that doesn't rely on memory the way change blindness does.[18] Inattentional blindness refers to an inability to identify an object all together whereas change blindness is a failure to compare a new image or display to one that was previously stored in memory.[18]

In 2006, Daniel Memmert conducted a series of studies in which he tested the how age and expertise of participants affect inattentional blindness. Using the gorilla video, he tested 6 different groups of participants. There were 2 groups of children (average age=7) half with no experience in basketball, and the other half with 2 years experience; 2 groups of juniors (average age=13) half with no experience in basketball, and the other half with 5 years of experience; and 2 groups of adults (average age = 24) half with no experience in basketball, the other half with over 12 years of experience. He then instructed all the groups to keep track of how many passes the people on the black team made.

Overall, the children with or without any basketball experience failed to perceive the gorilla more than the juniors or the adults. There were no significant difference between the inexperienced junior and adult groups, or between the experienced junior and adult groups.[39] This pattern of results suggests that until the approximate age of 13, presumably because certain aspects of cognition are still under development, inattentional blindness occurrences are more frequent, but become consistent throughout the remainder of the life span.

Additionally, the juniors with basketball experience noticed the gorilla significantly more than the juniors with no basketball experience; and the group of experienced adults noticed the gorilla significantly more than the non-experienced adults. This suggests that if one has had much experience with the stimuli in a visual field, they are more likely to consciously perceive the unexpected object.

In 2011, Elizabeth Graham and Deborah Burke conducted a study that assessed whether or not older adults are more susceptible to inattentional blindness than younger adults by having 51 younger-aged participants (17 to 22 years) and 61 older-aged participants (61 to 81 years) watch the classic gorilla video. Overall, they found that younger-aged participants were more likely to notice the unexpected gorilla than older-aged participants.[5]

In a 2015 study,[6] Cary Stothart, Walter Boot, and Daniel Simons attempted to replicate and extend the findings from both Graham and Burke's 2011 study and Steven Most and colleague's 2000 study[46] on Amazon Mechanical Turk using a sample of 515 participants that varied in age. In this study, participants were tasked with counting the number of times a number of white moving objects crossed the vertical midpoint of a display while ignoring a number of black moving objects. The unexpected object in this case was a gray cross that moved horizontally across the display at various distances from the vertical midpoint (this was manipulated between participants). Overall, they found that inattentional blindness susceptibility increases with age, which replicates the finding from Graham and Burke. In fact, they found that every 10 years of age was associated with a 1.3 fold increase in the probability of displaying inattentional blindness. They also found that the probability of inattentional blindness increases as the distance between the observer's focus of attention and the unexpected object increases, which replicates the finding from Most and colleagues. However, they also found that the relationship that age has with inattentional blindness does not change as a function of the unexpected object's distance from the focus of attention, suggesting that useful field of view does not mediate the relationship between age and inattentional blindness.

A series of studies conducted to test how similarity can influence the perception of a present stimulus. In the study, they asked participants to fixate on a central point on a computer screen and count how many times either white or black letters bounced off the edges of the screen. The first 2 trials did not contain an unexpected event, but the third trial was the critical trial in which a cross that had the same dimensions as the letters and varied in colour (white/light gray/dark gray/black) moved from the right side of the screen to the left side and passed through the central point. The results revealed the following: during the critical event, the more similar the colour of the cross was to the colour of the attended letters, the more likely the participants were to perceive it, and the less similar the colour of the cross was to the attended colour decreased the likelihood of the cross being noticed. For the participants attending to the black letters, 94% perceived the black cross; 44% perceived the dark gray cross; 12% perceived the light gray cross, and only 6% perceived the white cross. Similarly, if the participant was attending to the white letters, they were more likely to notice the cross it was white (94%) than if it was light gray (75%), dark gray (56%), or black (0%).[31] This study demonstrates that the more similar an unexpected object is to the attended object, the more likely it is to be perceived, thus reducing the chance of inattentional blindness.

A large experiment conducted on 794 participants by Schofield, Creswell and Denson[47] found evidence that completing a brief mindfulness exercise reduced rates on inattentional blindness, but did not improve the depth of encoding of the unexpected distractor. Participants in this experiment engaged in a guided-audio task of mindfully eating a raisin, a well-known task introduced by Kabat-Zinn in his mindfulness-based stress reduction program, or listened to factual descriptions about raisins. The audio recordings used to manipulate mindful states in this experiment are freely available online.[48] Participants who completed the raisin-eating task had 41% greater odds of noticing an unexpected red cross that floated across the screen. Participants were then asked to select the shape that had unexpectedly appeared (i.e., the red cross) out of a line-up of 3 red and 3 green shapes. Those in the mindfulness condition were no better than those in the control condition at selecting the red cross out of the line-up. This was true regardless of whether or not detection of the unexpected distractor was statistically controlled. This experiment demonstrated that not only does mindfulness affect inattentional blindness, but that detailed encoding of the unexpected distractor can be dissociated from the detection of the unexpected distractor.

The research that has been done on inattentional blindness suggests that there are four possible causes for this phenomenon. These include: conspicuity, mental workload, expectations, and capacity.[22]

Conspicuity refers to an object's ability to catch a person's attention. When something is conspicuous it is easily visible. There are two factors which determine conspicuity: sensory conspicuity and cognitive conspicuity. Sensory conspicuity factors are the physical properties an object has. If an item has bright colors, flashing lights, high contrast with environment, or other attention-grabbing physical properties it can attract a person's attention much easier. For example, people tend to notice objects that are bright colors or crazy patterns before they notice other objects. Cognitive conspicuity factors pertain to objects that are familiar to someone. People tend to notice objects faster if they have some meaning to their lives. For example, when a person hears his/her name, their attention is drawn to the person who said it. The cocktail party effect describes the cognitive conspicuity factor as well. When an object isn't conspicuous, it is easier to be inattentionally blind to it. People tend to notice items if they capture their attention in some way. If the object isn't visually prominent or relevant, there is a higher chance that a person will miss it.

Mental workload is a person's cognitive resources. The amount of a person's workload can interfere with processing of other stimuli. When a person focuses a lot of attention on one stimulus, he/she focuses less attention on other stimuli. For example, talking on the phone while driving the attention is mostly focused on the phone conversation, so there is less attention focused on driving. The mental workload could be anything from thinking about tasks that need to be done to tending to a baby in the backseat. When people have most of their attention focused on one thing, they are more vulnerable to inattentional blindness. However, the opposite is true as well. When a person has a very small mental workload he/she is doing an everyday task the task becomes automatic. Automatic processing can lessen one's mental workload, which can lead to a person to missing the unexpected stimuli.

Working memory also contributes to inattentional blindness. Cognitive psychologists have examined the relationship between working memory and inattention, but evidence is inconclusive. The rate of this phenomenon can be impacted by a number of factors. Researchers have found evidence for a number of components that may play a role. These include features of the object and the current task, where an individual's attention lies relative to the object, and mental workload as mentioned above. Researchers Kreitz, Furley, and Memmery in 2015, asserted that working memory capacity is not an indicator of susceptibility to inattentional blindness. Instead, it is a combination of what stimulus the attention is directed to as well as the individual's personal expectations. There are individual differences that can play a role, but some argue those disparities are separate from capacity for working memory.[49] On the other hand, there are researchers who consider differences between individuals and their working memory capacity to be a stronger determinant of inattentional blindness. Seegmiller, Watson, and Strayer in 2011 for example, studied individual differences in working memory capacity and how that overall impacted their attention on a given task. They utilized the same Invisible Gorilla video Simons and Chabris did (as mentioned above), but they additionally had participants complete a mathematics test to measure their capacity. From their results, they were able to find a high correlation between an individual's working memory capacity and their susceptibility to inattentional blindness. Those who were calculated to have a lower capacity, more often experienced the blindness.[50]

In a follow up study the same year, Kreitz and her team looked specifically at the cognitive abilities between individuals. Her team employed a variety of tasks, both static and dynamic, to compare the participants who had their cognitive capacity measured beforehand. Even though they included different tasks to test individuals, there was not a measurable relationship between the cognitive abilities of a participant and their attention performance. They did, however, find evidence to support the idea that noticing a certain stimuli was better in those demonstrating expertise in the task subject (referenced above). Overall, Kreitz concluded that cognitive/working memory capacity might not be an accurate measure for inattentional blindness. Instead, they determined that the rate of noticing might be both circumstantial and dependent on the requirements of the task.[51]

There are also researchers who subscribe to the idea that working memory does not play a measurable role in attentional blindness. This is different from the study by Kreitz and her team finding that individual differences in cognitive abilities might not be relative to noticing rates. Bredemeier and Simons conducted two studies in 2012. The first involved identifying the location of letters as well as counting how many times a group of shapes touched one another. These served as spatial and attention tasks respectively. The second study utilized the same tasks as the previous, but included a verbal one. Participants had to solve math problems and then remember a particular letter that followed each equation. From their results, the two researchers questioned if there was a relationship between noticing a particular stimuli and cognitive abilities. Instead of other factors contributing to the working memory of an individual's noticing, Bredemeier and Simons postulated that external variables establish the appearance of this relationship. Finally, the two researchers attempted to explain why studies were yielding conflicting results. The reason for why this research seems particularly inconclusive might be a result of disparities between the design of the actual research. Essentially, a variety of confounded variables might be prevalent across the studies when considering methodology and sampling processes. A more regulated, large-scale experiment could lead to more conclusive findings.[52]

When a person expects certain things to happen, he/she tends to block out other possibilities. This can lead to inattentional blindness. For example, person X is looking for their friend at a concert, and that person knows their friend (person Y) was wearing a yellow jacket. In order to find person Y, person X looks around for people wearing yellow. It is easier to pick a color out of the crowd than a person. However, if person Y took off the jacket, there is a chance person X could walk right past person Y and not notice because he/she was looking for the yellow jacket. Because of expectations, experts are more prone to inattentional blindness than beginners. An expert knows what to expect when certain situations arise. Therefore, that expert will know what to look for. This could cause that person to miss out on other important details that he/she may not have been looking for.

Attentional capacity, or neurological salience, is a measure of how much attention must be focused to complete a task. For example, an expert pianist can play a piano without thinking much, but a beginner would have to consciously think of every note they hit. This capacity can be lessened by drugs, alcohol, fatigue, and age. With a small capacity, it is more possible to miss things. Therefore, if a person is drunk, he/she will probably miss more than a sober person would. If your attentional capacity is large, you are less likely to experience inattentional blindness.

William James addressed the benefits of attention by saying, "Only those items which I notice shape my mind without selective interest, experience is utter chaos".[53] Humans have a limited mental capacity that is incapable of attending to all the sights, sounds and other inputs that rush the senses every moment. Inattentional blindness is beneficial in the sense that it is a mechanism that has evolved with attention to help filter out irrelevant input, allowing only important information to reach consciousness.[53] Several researchers, notably James J. Gibson, have argued that, even before the retina, perception begins in the ecology, which has turned perceptual processes into informational relationships in the environment through evolution.[54] This allows humans to focus our limited mental resources more efficiently in our environment. For example, New et al. maintain that survival required monitoring animals, both human and non-human, to become part of the evolutionary adaptiveness of the human species. They found that when participants were shown an image with a rapidly altering scene where the scene change included an animate or inanimate object that the participants were significantly better at identifying humans and animals. New et al. argue that better performance in detecting animals and humans is not a factor of acquired expertise, rather it is an evolved survival mechanism in human perception.[54]

Inattentional blindness is also beneficial as a response to advertising overload.[55] Irrelevant marketing makes it more likely for consumers to ignore initiatives that aim at capturing their attention. This phenomenon called 'purposeful blindness' has a compelling illustration regarding banner ads. Banner blindness shows that consumers can adopt fast and become good at ignoring marketing messages that are not relevant.

Although the bulk of inattentional blindness research has been conducted in laboratory studies, the phenomenon occurs in a variety of everyday contexts. Depending upon the context, the occurrence of inattentional blindness could range from embarrassing and/or humorous to potentially devastating.

Several recent studies of explicit attention capture have found that when observers are focused on some other object or event, they often experience inattentional blindness.[26] This finding has potentially tragic implications for distracted driving. If a person's attention is focused elsewhere while driving, carrying on a conversation or text messaging, for example, they could fail to notice salient and distinctive objects, such as a stop sign, which could lead to serious injury and possibly even death. There have also been heinous incidents attributed to inattentional blindness behind the wheel. For example, a Pennsylvania highway crew accidentally paved over a dead deer that was lying on the road. When questioned regarding their actions, the workers claimed to have never seen it.[30]

Many policies are being implemented around the world to decrease the competition for explicit attention capture while operating a vehicle. For example, there are legislative efforts in many countries aimed at banning or restricting the use of cell phones while driving. Research has shown that the use of both hands-free and hand-held cellular devices while driving results in the failure of attention to explicitly capture other salient and distinctive objects, leading to significantly delayed reaction times, as well as inattentional blindness.[56] A study published in 1997, based on accident data in Toronto, found the risk involved in driving while using a cell phone to be similar to that of driving drunk. In both cases, the risk of a collision was three to six times higher compared to a sober driver not using a cell phone.[57] Moreover, Strayer et al. (2006) found that when controlling for driving difficulty and time on task, cell-phone drivers exhibited greater impairment than intoxicated drivers, using a high-fidelity driving simulator.[58]

Inattentional blindness is also prevalent in aviation. The development of heads-up display (HUD) for pilots, which projects information onto the windshield or onto a helmet-mounted display, has enabled pilots to keep their eyes on the windshield, but simulator studies have found that HUD may cause runway incursion accidents, where one plane collides with another on the runway.[53] This finding is particularly concerning because HUDs are being employed in automobiles, which could lead to potential roadway incursions.[53] When a particular object or event captures attention to the extent to which the beholders' attentional capacity is completely absorbed, the resulting inattentional blindness has been known to cause dramatic accidents. For example, an airliner crew, engrossed with a blinking console light, failed to notice the approaching ground and register hearing the danger alarm sounding before the airliner crashed.[53]

Collaborative efforts to establish links between science and illusion have examined the relationship of the processes underlying inattentional blindness and the concept of misdirectiona magician's ability to manipulate attention in order to prevent his/her audience from seeing how a trick was performed. In several misdirection studies, including Kuhn and Tatler (2005),[59] participants watch a "vanishing item" magic trick. After the initial trial, participants are shown the trick until they detect the item dropping from the magician's hand. Most participants see the item drop on the second trial. The critical analyses involved differences in eye movements between the detected and undetected trials. These repetition trials are similar to the full-attention trial in the inattentional blindness paradigm, as both involve the detection of the unexpected event and, by detecting the unexpected event on the second trial, demonstrate that the event is readily perceivable.[60]

The main difference between inattentional blindness and misdirection involves how attention is manipulated. While inattentional blindness tasks require an explicit distractor, the attentional distraction in misdirection occurs through the implicit yet systematic orchestration of attention.[60] Moreover, there are several varieties of misdirection and different types are likely to induce different cognitive and perceptual processes, which vary the misdirection paradigm's resemblance to inattentional blindness.[60]

Although the aims of magic and illusion differ from those of neuroscience, magicians wish to exploit cognitive weaknesses, whereas neuroscientists seek to understand the brain and the neuronal significance of cognitive functions. Several researchers have argued that neuroscientists and psychologists can learn from incorporating the real world experience and knowledge of magicians into their fields of research. The techniques developed over centuries of stage magic by magicians may also be utilized by neuroscience as powerful probes of human cognition.[61]

When a police officer's version of events differs from video or forensic evidence, inattentional blindness has been used by defense lawyers as a possibility.[62] The criticism of this defense is that this view could be used to defend nearly any police shooting.[63]

See original here:
Inattentional blindness - Wikipedia

As pioneers in the field, TruStem Cell Therapy provides evidence-based care customized to suit patient needs in a safe, effective manner. The discovery of stem cells opened a whole new understanding of how healing works in the human body. TruStem Cell Therapy uses that science to provide access to therapy for painful and debilitating conditions.

Adult stem cells are natural healers that have almost limitless capabilities. Emerging evidence shows that adult stem cells are able to create completely unrelated cells making them valuable assets in the fight to treat many diseases.

TruStem Cell Therapy provides access to the stem cell therapy and the bodys own healing resources as a therapy for life-changing illnesses. Stem cells have the ability to develop into different cell types and aid in repairing the damage done by illness. This means they work with your body to heal tissue, help manage pain and relieve symptoms.

Our board certified surgeons have access to the latest research and state-of-the-art equipment, allowing them to harvest stem cells effectively and efficiently utilizing the least-invasive methods available. The goal is to provide access to patient-centric care with therapy using stem cells, giving the power back to patients. At TruStem Cell Therapy, we specialize in conditions treated with stem cells, such as:

Originally posted here:
Conditions and Diseases Treated | Adult Stem Cell Therapy

The usage of hip replacement and surgery has grown dramatically over the years and has even become more common among younger people. However, surgery is not the only solution. At the Institute of Regenerative Medicine, we offer stem cell therapy for hip joints as a safe and effective alternative to hip replacement or surgery.

Stem cell therapy for hip joints is an outpatient procedure that takes a few hours to complete. The process begins with the abstraction of stem cells and platelet rich plasma, also referred to as PRP, from the patients blood and bone marrow.

Stem cells are the natural healing mechanism in the human body. They have the ability to morph into other types of cells that are needed to repair a damaged hip joint such as muscle, cartilage, or bone cells. This results in the stem cells restoring your hip joints naturally without the need of drugs or hip surgery. However, as we age, the number of stem cells in our body and their potency decline. This causes our body to heal slower or not at all from joint injuries in the hip. To counter this, we have developed a proprietary technique to revitalize the patients stem cells and inject a high concentration of them directly to the damaged area of the hip joint with the PRP

Once injected into the hip joint, the stem cells will being restoring the damaged areas of the hip. The PRP, which contains many growth factors, will act as a stimulate for the stem cells, helping to increase their healing potential. After the injection, patients can go home immediately.

Hip surgery often requires patients to stay in a hospital overnight for several days and is followed by several months of physical therapy or training. With a hip replacement, patients are advised to avoid certain movements such as bending and twisting for up to a 12 month period. And even after a patients hip joint has healed after surgery, patients may not be permitted to do certain high impact activities such as sports, jogging, and dancing.

This is not the case for patients that elect to have stem cell therapy for their hip joint injuries. In most cases, patients can resume their active lifestyles without any restrictions or the need of extensive physical therapy in a short amount of time. Typically, patients will begin to see a response from the stem cells in about three weeks after the injection. After that, patients will experience a significant reduction in pain while regaining full mobility of their hip joints in the next several weeks as the stem cells continue to restore the hip joint.

Our medical team will determine the exact treatment and the number of stem cell injections after examining your medical files. Typically, a single stem cell injection is all that is needed to repair most hip joint injuries. If the injury in the hip joint is more severe, then additional injections will be needed. In these cases, we inject additional PRP into the hip joint a month after the first injection to stimulate the initially injected stem cells to prolong their healing process, and then another injection a few weeks after that.

Stem cell therapy for hip joints is a safe alternative to hip replacement or surgery since stem cells and platelet rich plasma (PRP) are biological components that already exist in the human body. Because we harvest the stem cells and PRP for the patients blood instead of other sources, the virtually no risk of rejection or harm to the patients health. Furthermore, the procedure is done by a board certified orthopedic surgeon.

At the Institute of Regenerative Medicine, we have successfully treated patients with various hip injuries and conditions including:

If you suffer from any of these conditions or experience hip pain, contact our office to see if you are a candidate for stem cell therapy for hip joints.

To maximize success, we tailor our stem cell treatment based on the unique needs of our patients. For this reason, the cost for hip stem cell treatment will vary greatly from case to case and can only be determined after our orthopedic specialist has evaluated a patients hip joint. Factors that will determine the cost of stem cell treatment includes:

It is important to note that most health insurance companies will not cover the cost for hip stem cell treatment. However, in many cases, the cost of stem cell therapy can be similar to the cost patients will pay out of pocket for hip surgery and post-surgical care with insurance.

See more here:
Stem Cell Therapy: Alternative To Hip Replacement ...

Neil Riordan, PhD is the founder and chairman of Medistem Panama, Inc., (MPI) a leading stem cell laboratory and research facility located in the Technology Park at the prestigious City of Knowledge in Panama City, Panama. Founded in 2007, MPI stands at the forefront of applied research on adult stem cells for several chronic diseases. MPIs stem cell laboratory is ISO 9001 certified and fully licensed by the Panamanian Ministry of Health. Dr. Riordan is the founder of Stem Cell Institute (SCI) in Panama City, Panama (est. 2007).

Under the umbrella of MPI subsidiary Translational Biosciences, MPI and SCI are currently conducting five IRB-approved clinical trials in Panama for multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis using human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, mesenchymal trophic factors and stromal vascular fraction. Additional trials for spinal cord injury, autism and cerebral palsy are slated to commence in 2014 upon IRB approval.

Dr. Riordans research team collaborates with a number of universities and institutions, including National Institutes of Health, Indiana University, University of California, San Diego, University of Utah, University of Western Ontario, and University of Nebraska.

Dr. Riordan has published over 60 scientific articles in international peer-reviewed journals and authored two book chapters on the use of non-controversial stem cells from placenta and umbilical cord. In the stem cell arena, he and his colleagues have published more than 20 articles on Multiple Sclerosis, Spinal Cord Injury, Heart Failure, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Autism, and Charcot Marie Tooth Syndrome. In 2007, Dr. Riordans research team was the first to discover and document the existence of mesenchymal-like stem cells in menstrual blood. For this discovery, his team was honored with the Medical Article of the Year Award from Biomed Central. Other notable journals in which Dr. Riordan has published articles include the British Journal of Cancer, Cellular Immunology, Journal of Immunotherapy, and Translational Medicine.

Dr. Riordan is an accomplished inventor; listed on more the 25 patent families, including 11 issued patents. He is credited with a number of novel discoveries in the field of cancer research since the mid-1990s when he collaborated with his father Dr. Hugh Riordan on the effects of high-dose intravenous vitamin C on cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. This pioneering study on vitamin Cs preferential toxicity to cancer cells notably led to a 1997 patent grant for the treatment of cancer with vitamin C. In 2010, Dr. Riordan received another patent for a new cellular cancer vaccine.

Dr. Riordan is also the founder of Aidan Products, which provides health care professionals with quality nutraceuticals including Stem-Kine, the only nutritional supplement that is clinically proven to increase the amount of circulating stem cells in the body for an extended period of time. Stem-Kine is currently sold in 35 countries.

Dr. Riordan earned his Bachelor of Science at Wichita State University and graduated magna cum laude. He received his Masters degree at the University of Nebraska Medical Center. Dr. Riordan completed his education by earning a Ph.D. in Health Sciences at Medical University of the America

Continued here:
Neil Riordan PhD - Medistem Panama

Arthritis Pain Relief Products | TYLENOLSkip to main content

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Dont let Arthritis get in the way of your day. TYLENOL 8 HR ARTHRITIS Pain provides two layers of pain relief that work fast and last all day*

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Arthritis Pain Relief Products | TYLENOL

Arthritis is a condition that stems from the degeneration and/or overuse of joints, mostly affecting the knees, fingers, and hips. Australia (15%) and the United States (over 20%) have some of the highest rates of arthritis in the Western world. Evidence of arthritis has even been discovered in dinosaurs as well as being found in human remains from as early as 4500 BC. Today, people with arthritis can manage joint pain and swelling in a variety of ways, including what they consume in their everyday diet. Although there is no prescriptive diet for arthritis sufferers, this article will explore 7 foods that people with arthritis should stay away from. As always, consult your physician before making major changes in your diet.

It has long been known that fried food is bad for just about anyone due to the amount of saturated fat. A lot of fried food is also from a freezer and is often overly processed, as well as being high in salt and artificial preservatives. These all have a negative effect on a person with arthritis. Consuming a lot of fried food also has a connection to obesity, which in turn can fast track the degenerative process of joints; this is due to the extra weight and load being placed on the knees and hips. Fried meats should specifically be avoided by arthritis sufferers.

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7 Foods Arthritis Sufferers Should Avoid - HealthPrep

Sessions/Tracks

Conference Series LLC LTD invites all the participants from all over the world to attend 10th Annual Conference onStem Cell and Regenerative Medicineduring October 08-09, 2018 atZurich, Switzerland which includes prompt keynote presentations, oral talks, poster presentations, networking, and exhibitions.

Track : Stem Cell

An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular creature which is fit for offering to ascend to inconclusively more cells of the same sort, and from which certain different sorts of cell emerge by separation. The most entrenched and generally utilized undifferentiated organism treatment is the transplantation of blood foundational microorganisms to treat infections and states of the blood and invulnerable framework or to restore the blood framework after medications for particular growths. Subsequent to the 1970s, skin undifferentiated organisms have been utilized to develop skin joins for patients with serious smolders on expansive territories of the body. Just a couple of clinical focuses can do this treatment and it is normally held for patients with life-debilitating blazes. It is likewise not a flawless arrangement: the new skin has no hair follicles or sweat organs. Research went into enhancing the strategy is continuous.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track : Stem Cell Niche

A stem-cell niche is an area of a tissue that provides a specific microenvironment, in which stem cells are present in an undifferentiated and self-renewable state. Cells of the stem-cell niche interact with the stem cells to maintain them or promote their differentiation. The general niche model involves the association between resident stem cells and heterologous cell typesthe niche cells.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences| Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: Belgian Society for Stem Cell Research ; UK Stem Cell Foundation ; International Stem Cell Forum ; British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; UK Regenerative Medicine Platform ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Scan Balt Stem Cell Research Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research ; Lund Stem Cell Center ; Stem Cell Network North Rhine-Westphalia ; UK Stem Cell Bank ; European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Israel Stem Cell Society.

USA: Maryland Stem Cell Research Commission ; Harvard College Stem Cell Society ; International Society for Cellular Therapy ; California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ; American Society of Transplantation ; American Society for Matrix Biology ; American Society for Cell Biology ; National Stem Cell Foundation ; Perinatal Stem Cell Society ; International Placenta Stem Cell Society ; American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Columbia University Stem Cell Initiative ; The American Regenerative Medicine Society.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Hong Kong Stem Cell Society ; Chinese Society for Cell Biology ; Korean Society for Stem Cell Research ; Pakistan Stem Cell Society ; StemCell Thai Red Cross ; Iranian Stem Cell Council ; The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Formosa Association Regenerative Medicine ; Iranian Societyfor HematopoieticStem CellTransplantation ; International Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Japan Human Cell Society (Stem Cell).

Track :Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

iPSC is derived from skin or blood cells that have been reprogrammed back into an embryonic-like pluripotent state that enables the development of an unlimited source of any type of human cell needed for therapeutic purposes. The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has opened up unprecedented opportunities in the pharmaceutical industry, in the clinic, and in laboratories. In particular, the medical applications of human iPSCs in disease modeling and stem cell therapy have been progressing rapidly. The ability to induce cell fate conversion is attractive not only for these applications but also for basic research fields, such as development, cancer, epigenetics, and aging.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|ConferenceSeries Ltd

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track : Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells traditionally found in the bone marrow. However, mesenchymal stem cells can also be isolated from other tissues including cord blood, peripheral blood, fallopian tube, and fetal liver and lung. Multipotent stem cells, MSCs differentiate to form adipocytes, cartilage, bone, tendons, muscle, and skin. Mesenchymal stem cells are a distinct entity to the mesenchyme, embryonic connective tissue which is derived from the mesoderm and differentiates to form hematopoietic stem cells.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: Belgian Society for Stem Cell Research ; UK Stem Cell Foundation ; International Stem Cell Forum ; British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; UK Regenerative Medicine Platform ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Scan Balt Stem Cell Research Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research ; Lund Stem Cell Center ; Stem Cell Network North Rhine-Westphalia ; UK Stem Cell Bank ; European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Israel Stem Cell Society.

USA: Maryland Stem Cell Research Commission ; Harvard College Stem Cell Society ; International Society for Cellular Therapy ; California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ; American Society of Transplantation ; American Society for Matrix Biology ; American Society for Cell Biology ; National Stem Cell Foundation ; Perinatal Stem Cell Society ; International Placenta Stem Cell Society ; American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Columbia University Stem Cell Initiative ; The American Regenerative Medicine Society.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Hong Kong Stem Cell Society ; Chinese Society for Cell Biology ; Korean Society for Stem Cell Research ; Pakistan Stem Cell Society ; StemCell Thai Red Cross ; Iranian Stem Cell Council ; The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Formosa Association Regenerative Medicine ; Iranian Societyfor HematopoieticStem CellTransplantation ; International Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Japan Human Cell Society (Stem Cell).

Track : Cancer Stem Cells

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found in tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells. CSCs may generate tumors through the stem cell processes of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types. Such cells are hypothesized to persist in tumors as a distinct population and cause relapse and metastasis by giving rise to new tumors. Therefore, development of specific therapies targeted at CSCs holds hope for improvement of survival and quality of life of cancer patients, especially for patients with metastatic disease.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track :Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing progenitor cells that develop from mesodermal hemangioblast cells. All differentiated blood cells from the lymphoid and myeloid lineages arise from HSCs. HSCs can be found in the adult bone marrow, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood. More recent advances have resulted in the use of HSC transplants in the treatment of cancers and other immune system disorders.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track :Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells are immortal cells having an almost unlimited developmental potential. These are made from cells found in very early human embryos, called blastocysts. Many scientists are working how to create specialized cell types found in the body by exposing Embryonic Stem Cells to different conditions which they can use to treat numerous different diseases, like multiple sclerosis, blindness, and diabetes.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: Belgian Society for Stem Cell Research ; UK Stem Cell Foundation ; International Stem Cell Forum ; British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; UK Regenerative Medicine Platform ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Scan Balt Stem Cell Research Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research ; Lund Stem Cell Center ; Stem Cell Network North Rhine-Westphalia ; UK Stem Cell Bank ; European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Israel Stem Cell Society.

USA: Maryland Stem Cell Research Commission ; Harvard College Stem Cell Society ; International Society for Cellular Therapy ; California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ; American Society of Transplantation ; American Society for Matrix Biology ; American Society for Cell Biology ; National Stem Cell Foundation ; Perinatal Stem Cell Society ; International Placenta Stem Cell Society ; American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Columbia University Stem Cell Initiative ; The American Regenerative Medicine Society.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Hong Kong Stem Cell Society ; Chinese Society for Cell Biology ; Korean Society for Stem Cell Research ; Pakistan Stem Cell Society ; StemCell Thai Red Cross ; Iranian Stem Cell Council ; The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Formosa Association Regenerative Medicine ; Iranian Societyfor HematopoieticStem CellTransplantation ; International Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Japan Human Cell Society (Stem Cell).

Track :Adult Stem Cells

Track :Stem Cell Therapy

Stem cell therapyis used to treat or prevent diseases by using stem cells. It has potential in a wide range of territories of potential and restorative examination. This treatment is by and large used to supplant or repair harmed cells or tissues. It additionally helps intransplanting immature microorganismsor giving medications those objective undifferentiated organisms as of now in the body. Undeveloped cell treatment is a rising innovation; the recovery of the body part is not really another idea.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: Belgian Society for Stem Cell Research ; UK Stem Cell Foundation ; International Stem Cell Forum ; British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; UK Regenerative Medicine Platform ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Scan Balt Stem Cell Research Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research ; Lund Stem Cell Center ; Stem Cell Network North Rhine-Westphalia ; UK Stem Cell Bank ; European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Israel Stem Cell Society.

USA: Maryland Stem Cell Research Commission ; Harvard College Stem Cell Society ; International Society for Cellular Therapy ; California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ; American Society of Transplantation ; American Society for Matrix Biology ; American Society for Cell Biology ; National Stem Cell Foundation ; Perinatal Stem Cell Society ; International Placenta Stem Cell Society ; American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Columbia University Stem Cell Initiative ; The American Regenerative Medicine Society.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Hong Kong Stem Cell Society ; Chinese Society for Cell Biology ; Korean Society for Stem Cell Research ; Pakistan Stem Cell Society ; StemCell Thai Red Cross ; Iranian Stem Cell Council ; The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Formosa Association Regenerative Medicine ; Iranian Societyfor HematopoieticStem CellTransplantation ; International Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Japan Human Cell Society (Stem Cell).

Track :Stem Cell Transplantation

Stem cell transplantation, also referred to as bone marrow transplant, in which unhealthy blood-forming cells replace with healthy cells. Stem cell transplantation in combination with doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy increases the chance of eliminating blood cancer in the marrow. Many researchers are working to improve stem cell transplantation procedures to make it an option for patients.arrangement: the new skin has no hair follicles or sweat organs. Research went into enhancing the method is progressing.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track :Somatic Cell Therapy

Somatic cell treatment is the organization to people of autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic living cells which have been controlled or prepared ex vivo. Assembling of items for substantial cell treatment includes the ex vivo proliferation, development, choice. Substantial cell treatment is seen as a more moderate, more secure methodology since it influences just the focused on cells in the patient, and is not went on to future eras. Substantial quality treatment speaks to standard essential and clinical exploration, in which helpful DNA (either incorporated in the genome or as an outside episome or plasmid) is utilized to treat illness. Most concentrate on the extreme hereditary issue, including immunodeficiencies, hemophilia, thalassemia and cystic fibrosis. Such single quality issue is the great possibility for substantial cell treatment.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track :Regenerative Medicine

Organ and tissue loss through disease and injury motivate the development of therapies that can regenerate tissues and decrease reliance on transplantations. Regenerative medicine, an interdisciplinary field that applies engineering and life science principles to promote regeneration, can potentially restore diseased and injured tissues and whole organs.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: Belgian Society for Stem Cell Research ; UK Stem Cell Foundation ; International Stem Cell Forum ; British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; UK Regenerative Medicine Platform ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Scan Balt Stem Cell Research Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research ; Lund Stem Cell Center ; Stem Cell Network North Rhine-Westphalia ; UK Stem Cell Bank ; European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Israel Stem Cell Society.

USA: Maryland Stem Cell Research Commission ; Harvard College Stem Cell Society ; International Society for Cellular Therapy ; California Institute for Regenerative Medicine ; American Society of Transplantation ; American Society for Matrix Biology ; American Society for Cell Biology ; National Stem Cell Foundation ; Perinatal Stem Cell Society ; International Placenta Stem Cell Society ; American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation ; Columbia University Stem Cell Initiative ; The American Regenerative Medicine Society.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Hong Kong Stem Cell Society ; Chinese Society for Cell Biology ; Korean Society for Stem Cell Research ; Pakistan Stem Cell Society ; StemCell Thai Red Cross ; Iranian Stem Cell Council ; The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Formosa Association Regenerative Medicine ; Iranian Societyfor HematopoieticStem CellTransplantation ; International Society of Regenerative Medicine ; Japan Human Cell Society (Stem Cell).

Track :Tissue Regeneration

Tissue Engineering is the investigation of the development of new connective tissues, or organs, from cells and a collagenous platform to create a completely useful organ for implantation over into the contributor host. Effective improvements in the multidisciplinary field of tissue building have created a novel arrangement of tissue new parts and execution approaches. Investigative advances in biomaterials, foundational microorganisms, development and separation components, and biomimetic situations have made special chances to manufacture tissues in the research facility from blends of designed extracellular networks cells and organically dynamic particles.

RelatedStem Cell Conferences|Stem Cell Congress|Regenerative Medicine Conferences|Stem Cell Meetings

CSHL Germ Cells Conference, USA, October 9-13, 2018 ; Conference on Regenerative Biology and Applications, Hong Kong, October 15-19, 2018 ; New York Stem Cell Foundation Conference, USA, October 23-24, 2018 ; Symposium on Translation of Stem Cells to the Clinic, Challenges and Opportunities, USA, December 02-04, 2018 ; From Stem Cells to Human Development Conference, UK, September 23-26, 2018 ; 6th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium, UK, September 19-21, 2018 ; Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions Governing Tissue Repair & Disease, USA, August 19-24, 2018 ; Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery, Australia, June 17-18, 2018 ; ISSCR 2018 Annual Meeting, Australia, June 20-23, 2018 ; Precision CRISPR Stem Cell Congress, USA, June 12-14, 2018 ; Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism, Germany, June 07-09, 2018 ; Conference on Manufacturing and Testing of Pluripotent Stem Cells, USA, June 5-6, 2018 ; Cell & Gene Meeting, USA, October 3-5, 2018. Trends and Challenges in Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Germany, March 2529, 2018 ; The Stem Cell Niche Conference, Denmark, May 27-31, 2018.

Related societies:

Europe: European Consortium for Stem Cell Research ; Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative ; Swiss Stem Cell Network ; The Scottish Stem Cell Network ; Danish Stem Cell Society ; European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy ; French Stem Cell Research Society ; Polish Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Spanish Society for Gene and Cell Therapy ; Irish Stem Cell Foundation ; Austrian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine ; German Stem Cell Network.

USA: New York Stem Cell Foundation ; U.S. Stem Cell, Inc ; Stem Cell Clinical Trials ; International Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Hematology and Stem Cells ; Stem Cell Action Network ; Student Society for Stem Cell Research ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society ; International Society for Stem Cells Applications ; The Transplantation Society ; The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.

Asia Pacific and Middle East: Stem Cell Society Singapore ; Taiwan Society for Stem Cell Research ; The New South Wales Stem Cell Network ; Australian Society for Stem Cell Research ; Society for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, India ; Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society ; Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine ; Taiwan Association of ProloTherapy and Regenerative Medicine ; Stem Cell Society of India.

Track : Regeneration and Therapeutics

See original here:
Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Conferences 2018 Zurich ...

About RegenMD

The staff at RegenMD in Silver Spring, Maryland is made up of board-certified physicians, orthopedic surgeons, physician assistants and physical therapists are ready to help you harness your bodys healing potential and regenerative capabilities. With the latest cutting-edge treatments to stimulate your bodys ability to repair itself, the RegenMD providers use a multidisciplinary approach and create a customized treatment plan to address your individual health needs.

The RegenMD providers offer a full spectrum of care that includes physical therapy, nonsurgical biologic regenerative treatments, and surgical intervention when necessary. The goal of treatment is to regenerate and restore the health of your musculoskeletal system to its optimal performance.

Their services including innovative treatments like stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments, prolotherapy, dry needling, and microneedling. Besides a full array of regenerative medical services, the team at RegenMD also offers courtesy concierge medical services if you are visiting the clinic from out of town.

The experienced and knowledgeable staff at RegenMD can alleviate your pain, improve your functionality, and get you back onto the field or into a healthier, physically active lifestyle.

New Location - Opening November 2018

7811 Montrose Road, 3rd floor, Potomac, Maryland 20854

See the article here:
RegenMD: Regenerative Medicine: Silver Spring, MD

Background

Regenerative medicine is an emerging area of science that holds great promise for treating and even curing a variety of injuries and diseases. Regenerative medicine includes using stem cells and other technologiessuch as engineered biomaterials and gene editingto repair or replace damaged cells, tissues, or organs. Stem cell-based approaches are under development in labs around the world, and some have already moved into clinical trials. Such progress notwithstanding, much work remains to be done toward the development of safe and effective regenerative medicine products and to realize the full potential of this field.

The 21st Century Cures Act, passed in December 2016, established the Regenerative Medicine Innovation Project (RMIP) to accelerate the field by supporting clinical research on adult stem cells while promoting the highest standards for carrying out scientific research and protecting patient safety. In recognition of the integral role of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the successful development of this field, NIH is leading the RMIP in coordination with FDA.

The 21st Century Cures Act authorizes $30 million in federal awards over four years (20172020) for the RMIP. Importantly, the Act requires award recipients to match the federal funds provided with at least an equal amount of non-federal funds.This matching requirement will amplify the federal investment and could help stimulate collaboration and develop key partnerships across the public and private sectors.

Congress allocated $2 million for the RMIP in FY 2017. To make optimal use of these funds, researchers were invited to submit applications for competitive revisions to support clinical studies involving adult stem cells. Eight awards were issued in September 2017.

On December 6-7, 2017, the NIH and FDA hosted a public Regenerative Medicine Innovation Workshop that brought together key stakeholders to explore the state of regenerative medicine clinical research involving adult stem cells with a focus on approaches to the development of safe and effective products. Video recordings from each session are available. The deliberations at this workshop were instrumental in helping to identify some of the major needs, opportunities, and challenges in the regenerative medicine field.

Input from the workshop and other sources informed the development of the next round of funding opportunity announcements (FOAs) published in August 2018. These FOAs solicit new investigator-initiated projects, which may either involve a clinical trial or entail late stage Investigational New Drug (IND)- or Investigational Device Exemption (IDE)-enabling clinical research. Applicants who have questions about these opportunities may consult our Frequently Asked Questions, and those with additional questions are encouraged to either consult the relevant program officer listed in the FOA, or write to RMIP@nih.gov.

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RMI | National Institutes of Health (NIH)

What is Regenerative Medicine?

Regenerative Medicine is an exciting and innovative treatment option for orthopaedic conditions and sports injuries. These treatments utilize the bodys own naturally occurring healing mechanisms to help treat injuries and relieve pain. The two newest treatment options we offer for orthopaedic and sports injuries are Mesenchymal Stem Cell injections (Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate, BMAC) and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injections. Collectively, these treatments are referred to as Regenerative Medicine.

The specialists at Olympia Orthopaedic Associates strive to provide patients with the best treatment options based on their individual conditions and lifestyles. Patients who are interested in discussing if they are candidates for these treatments should schedule an appointment with our Regenerative Medicine Specialists, Dr.Dominic Femiano and Dr. Tracy Hamblin.

Mesenchymal stem cells are the bodies own specialized cells that have the potential to develop into cells that can repair damaged tissue, ligaments or tendons. Essentially, these cells are the blank cells of the body that may adapt into the type of cells they are surrounded by. Each of us is born with these cells and we continue to produce them as we age.

Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate or BMAC stem cell treatment involves harvesting the bone marrow from the back of the pelvis and extracting the stem cells from that bone marrow. Once the BMAC stem cells have been isolated, they are then reinjected into the injured area.

When injected into an injured ligament, tendon or joint, these have the capability to take theform of the cells around them.

For instance, BMAC stem cells injected into damaged tissue have the capability to take the form of healthy tissue cells around them. This increases the likelihood of repair as many injuries lack the ability to heal well on their own.

The Regenerative Medicine Specialists at Olympia Orthopaedic Associates use only the bodies own naturally occurring cells and do not use donor cells or those from embryos or other sources.

Platelets are the component of blood and responsible for healing injuries. These platelets contain specialized proteins and growth factors that trigger the bodys natural healing response.

PRP treatment involves drawing blood from the patient and separating platelets and growth factors from the rest of the blood using a centrifuge. This process allows our specialists to extract the isolated platelets and inject a concentrated amount of PRP into an injured area.

Once injected, the platelets can expedite the healing process for certain injuries. This is due to specific proteins and growth factors contained in the platelet-rich plasma that decreases inflammation and can help damaged tissue or tendons.

BMAC stem cells and PRP are commonly used to treat inflammation, osteoarthritis, ligament and tendon injuries. Common injuries that our Regenerative Medicine Specialists treat include:

Research and clinical data have shown that PRP and BMAC stem cell treatments are extremely safe. Only your bodies own blood platelets or stem cells are injected into the injured area and the chance of the body rejecting its own blood or cells is extremely minimal.

When utilized in the right patients, Regenerative Medicine has shown to be highly effective.

In one study, published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 78% of those with osteoarthritis of the knee that received PRP injections showed a reduction in pain and increased function in the knee after one year.

The key to the effectiveness of these treatments is making sure that this treatment is right for you. Although Regenerative Medicine treatments have shown great results, there are some injuries that cannot be treated with BMAC stem cells or PRP such as complete tears of tendons or ligaments.

Our Regenerative Medicine Specialists are Board Certified and have undergone advanced training in the use of BMAC stem cells and PRP. We pride ourselves on using only the most evidence-based and scientifically proven Regenerative Medicine treatments to ensure effectiveness and patient safety.If you are interested in Regenerative Medicine for your orthopaedic or sports injury, please contact us to schedule a consultation at one of our locations throughout Olympia.

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Regenerative Medicine | Olympia Orthopedics