StemCell Therapy

Were seeing a lot of bivalent molecules in drug discovery these days, especially with the popularity of bifunctional protein degrader ligands. The general structure of such thing is (ligand)-linker-(ligand), with the two ligands chosen (in the case of targeted protein degradation) to bring a ubiquitin ligase complex up close to some protein youve marked for destruction. But there are a lot of other bifunctional species that fit the same pattern. Heres a look back at the history of G-protein-coupled-receptor ligands set up that same way.

It goes back to 1982 work from the lab of Phil Portoghese (a name that medicinal chemists will definitely be familiar with!) That took a naltrexone derivative (naltrexamine) and put molecules of it on each end of a series of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) linkers, to try to bind simultaneously to adjacent opioid receptors. 1982 was not a time when you did this with membrane preps of cloned receptors that first paper is done with guinea pig ileum and mouse vas deferens tissue preps, and Im pretty sure the present authors (NIDA-NIH( are putting that detail in there just to raise the eyebrows of the later generations.

I was an undergraduate chemistry student when this work appeared, and was not a regular J. Med. Chem. reader at the time, although I do remember seeing some of the follow-up papers as the years went on. Its worth remembering that when this research started, no one had any idea that GPCR receptor dimers or oligomers might be defined functional units this was an effort to see how far apart they might be, just for starters. That first paper did conclude that they were in fact getting more binding than the sum of the parts and that this did depend on the length of the linker. Those two conclusions, in fact, continue to hold up for the general bifunctional-molecule field, and with many of the same qualifications and complications that Portoghese encountered during the 1980s.

For example, see this 2007 paper from the Whitesides group, looking at effective molarity and linker length. In that case, theyre tying a known carbonic anhydrase ligand to the protein covalently at a known distance from the binding site and giving it various tether lengths to find its way. The fundamental lesson is that too long a linker can do you some harm (lots of floppy entropy to overcome), but too short a linker is deadly, because youre just not going to reach the binding site at all. Targeted protein degradation projects have seen similar effects.

But there are others laid on top of those. It would be easy to imagine such linkers as just inert spacers, thingies that hold the business end of these molecules apart. But that would be a mistake, too, because the linkers can participate in the binding events, too. The Sharpless groups first report in 2002 of a ligand formed by in situ click chemistry is an example. Two ligands for the far ends of acetylcholinesterases roomy binding site did their own azide/alkyne cycloaddition when brought into proximity in there, and formed a femtomolar inhibitor. The X-ray crystal structure showed that the triazole linker itself participated in the binding, which is where some of that impressive affinity came from (its worth noting that that crystal structure is in itself an interesting and complicated story).

The spanning-two-adjacent-receptors work described in the first link of this post shows some of these effects, too the NIDA authors have done a lot of work on bifunctional dopamine receptor ligands, and theyve found that the linker length, functionality, and flexibility have to be considered as key variables. The targeted protein degradation field can tell you a lot about that, too length, as mentioned before, is the first consideration, but there are all sorts of cases where what seem to be similar linkers (in length and flexibility) that give very different effects in cellular degradation assays. Add that to the variable effects of the ligands, and youre in for a real fiesta: for example, you cant just optimize your bifunctional head groups based on potency to the target protein, because the eventual degradation efficiency does not have to follow that order at all. Nor does the selectivity against related proteins have to translate to selective degradation; you can get surprised in both directions, and you probably will.

In fact, the TPD world is probably even crazier than the linked-receptor one, because in the latter case, youre (at least some of the time) spanning the distance between proteins that are already naturally in proximity. GPCRs form all sorts of dimers and oligomers on the cell surface, in important patterns that were still trying to figure out. But targeted protein degradation is all about bringing proteins together that normally have no business with each other at all. Youre forcing some hapless target protein into the proximity of a ubiquitin ligase complex that just assumes that hey, heres another protein next to me, lets do that voodoo that I do and ubiquitinate the crap out of it. I speak technically here, you understand. Normally this ligase complex wouldnt even be seeing your target protein, but youre trying to rewire that system for fun and profit.

That means that the ternary complex (target protein, bifunctional degrader, and ubiquitin ligase) is a wild frontier of molecular interaction. Some things are going to match up as these species are brought together, and some things are going to clash, and at the moment we really dont have a good way to anticipate whats going to happen. TPD remains a rather. . .empirical. . .field for now, which in practice means that youd better try this and try that and try that other thing over there, what the heck. It would make everyone feel better if that werent the case, and everyone would be far more efficient steely-eyed protein degradation masters sitting in mission control and pointing out targets, but that is a vision for the future. For now, its similar to the traditional ag-chem development model of spray and pray.

One last note on the whole bifunctional idea: when I used to see papers with such linked molecules in them back in the early 1990s, in my first years in med-chem, I would (being honest here) just roll my eyes. The whole idea seemed too simplistic, too academic, and too odd. You couldnt just go around sticking two molecules together with a little connecting chain and expect that to work, right? And if it worked in an in vitro assay, well OK, nice paper, but you couldnt just go around trying to turn such weirdo molecules into drugs, right? Wrong, wrong, and wrong. As discussed above, its actually a complicated thing to get to work, but it can be a really good idea if you have a good reason for sticking two proteins together. Its quite possible that drug-discovery progress in this area was delayed by the rule-of-five years when people were terrified of high molecular weights, but since that has been breaking down under the weight of evidence, people are a lot more willing to explore the larger species needed for linked-bifunctionals. Dont overlook, though, that a less specific thing that slowed these ideas down was that people thought that these molecules just looked strange.

Read more:
Linked-Up Molecules Through the Years - Science Magazine

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term for two conditions, Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis, that are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This chronic and prolonged inflammation results in damage to the GI tract.

Historically IBD has been predominantly seen in industrialized countries, with the highest reported prevalence values in Europe and North America. In the United States alone, approximately 1.6 million people currently have Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis, and as many as 70,000 new cases of IBD are diagnosed each year. Although the incidence of IBD in North America and Europe is currently reported to be stabilizing or decreasing, the burden remains high as prevalence exceeds 03%. Over the last 30 years, the predominance of IBD has accelerated in newly industrialized countries including Africa, Asia and South America. Reports of IBD appear to be higher in urban areas than in rural areas, as well as in higher socio-economic classes. Individuals who immigrate to industrial urbanized developed nations before adolescence and those immigrants who initially belonged to a low-incidence population show a significantly higher incidence of IBD. This rise has been attributed to the rapid modernization and westernization of the population.

The reported rise in the number of people living with inflammatory bowel disease reflects a need for more research to find a cure. This article explores current therapies, drugs in the pipeline and disease outlook for patients and their caregivers living with IBD.

Overview

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is a broad term that describes conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The GI tract is responsible for the digestion of food, absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste. Inflammation impairs the ability of affected GI organs to function properly, leading to symptoms such as persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, weight loss and fatigue. The two most common inflammatory bowel diseases are Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.

Causes:

The exact cause of IBD is not entirely understood, however, it is known to involve an interaction between the immune system, genes and environmental factors.

In people with IBD, the immune system mounts an inappropriate response to the intestinal tract, resulting in inflammation. This abnormal immune system reaction occurs in people who have inherited genes that make them susceptible to IBD. Unidentified environmental factors serve as the trigger that initiates the harmful immune response in the intestines.

Studies have shown that 5 to 20% of affected individuals have a first-degree relative (parent, child or sibling) with one of the diseases. Numerous genes and genetic mutations connected to IBD have been identified including a mutation in the NOD2/CARD15 gene. Up to 20% of IBD patients in North America and Europe may have a mutation in the NOD2/CARD15 gene. While genetic testing is possible, it is not currently a part of the diagnostic process for IBD. Genetic testing can identify a potential risk for IBD in an individual but cannot predict whether IBD will develop.

The environmental factors that trigger IBD are not known, but several potential risk factors have been studied. These include smoking, use of antibiotics, use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, diet and geographic location (more prevalent in industrialized countries).

Life expectancy: People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease have a relatively normal life expectancy compared to the general population. However, people with Crohns disease have a slightly higher overall mortality rate than the general healthy population. The increase in deaths is largely due to conditions such as cancer (particularly lung cancer), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal diseases, (excluding Crohns disease), and diseases of the genital and urinary tracts. In addition, patients with extensive inflammation in the colon due to ulcerative colitis are at higher risk than the general population for dying from gastrointestinal and lung diseases.

Annual Cost: There are both direct and indirect costs associated with IBD. Direct medical costs include expenses for hospitalizations, physician services, prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, skilled nursing care, diagnostic procedures and other healthcare services. Indirect costs are the value of lost earnings or productivity. Indirect costs also include the value of leisure time lost.

Direct Costs: The annual direct cost of Crohns disease is estimated to be from $8,265 per patient to $18,963 per patient and the annual direct cost of ulcerative colitis is estimated to be from $5,066 per patient to $15,020 per patient. Extrapolating from this data to the current prevalence estimates of IBD (780,000 cases of Crohns disease and 907,000 cases of ulcerative colitis), the total annual direct costs for all patients with IBD in the United States is estimated to be between $11 billion to $28 billion.

Indirect Costs: Based on a national health survey in 1999, nearly 32% of symptomatic IBD patients reported being out of the workforce in a one-year period, incurring an indirect cost of an estimated $5,228 per patient, bringing the total indirect cost of IBD in 1999 to $3.6 billion.

Diagnostic Strategies

One or more of the following tests or procedures may be used to help confirm a diagnosis of IBD.

Blood tests to check for anemia or infection from bacteria or viruses. A fecal occult blood test may also be used to test for hidden blood in the stool. Although a blood test cannot confirm the presence of IBD, it can help rule out conditions that cause similar symptoms.

Endoscopic procedures such as colonoscopy, upper endoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and capsule endoscopyare also used to diagnose IBD. These procedures provide clear and detailed views of the gastrointestinal tract and can help to differentiate between Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.

Imaging testssuch as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans are often used in conjunction with endoscopic procedures. Imaging data can reveal signs of IBD in the lining of the intestines, such as tears, bleeding, inflammation, or an obstruction.

Current Therapies

There is no cure for IBD. The goal of treatment is to reduce the inflammation that triggers the signs and symptoms, thus providing relief as well as long-term remission and reduced risks of complications. IBD treatment usually involves either drug therapy or surgery. Classes of medications used to treat IBD include anti-inflammatories, immunosuppressants, biologics and antibiotics.

Anti-inflammatory drugs are often the first step in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Anti-inflammatories include corticosteroids and aminosalicylates (5-ASA), such as Allergans mesalamine (Asacol HD, Delzicol, others), Salix Pharmas Colazal (balsalazide) and Uceris (budesonide) and AstraZeneca's Entocort EC.

Immune system suppressor medications are used to stem the immune response that releases inflammation-inducing chemicals in the intestinal lining. Some examples of immunosuppressant drugs include azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran), mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan), cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune) and methotrexate (Otrexup, Rasuvo, Rheumatrex Dose Pack, Trexall, Xatmep).

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors, or biologics, are a group of medicines that suppress the body's natural response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a protein produced by white blood cells that is involved in early inflammatory events. Examples include AbbVie's Humira (adalimumab), Janssen's Simponi (golimumab), UCB's Cimzia and infliximab (Remicade, Inflectra). Other commonly used biologic therapies are Tysabri (natalizumab), Entyvio (vedolizumab) and Stelara (ustekinumab).

Antibiotics may be used in addition to other medications or when infection is a concern. Frequently prescribed antibiotics include ciprofloxacin (Cipro) and metronidazole (Flagyl).

Drug Pipeline

A variety of targeted therapies are currently being explored through clinical trials. In addition to TNF-alpha inhibitors, aminosalicylates and glucocorticosteroids, common targets and mechanisms include:

As of October 2019, there are 730 clinical trials (not yet recruiting/active/active, no longer recruiting) listed on clinicaltrials.gov. Of these trials, 268 are in the United States and the remainder are across global sites. When broken down by phase, there are 63 trials in phase I, phase II has 132 trials, 101 phase III trials and the remainder are in phase IV or are other types of studies, including behavioral modification or observational studies, those using dietary supplements and various devices.

The IBD market contains a mixture of big and smaller sized pharma and biotech companies. The market share is dominated by Janssen with 5 drugs in all phases (I-III) and Pfizerwith 5 drugs in phase I and II. The remaining companies include Roche in collaboration with Genentechwith three drugs in phases I-III and AbbVie with three drugs in phase II, II/III and III.

The following analysis of selected drugs in the pipeline will briefly discuss how each drug works and where it is in clinical trials. This information was up to date as of October 2019. Any text in italics represents failed or terminated trials.

Note: This section is not meant to be completely comprehensive and may unintentionally exclude some drugs in development or clinical trials, especially those trials outside of the United States.

Janssen has five drugs in development for IBD: golimumab, ustekinumab, JNJ-64304500 (JNJ-4500/ IPH-2301/NN-8555), JNJ-67864238, guselkumab monotherapy and guselkumab combined with golimumab.

Pfizer also has five drugs in development for both Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.

This trial was suspended in July due to an interruption in the supply of the radiolabeled material.

A phase II trial is underway to determine if PF-06687234 is effective and safe as add-on therapy to infliximab in subjects with active ulcerative colitis who are not in remission.

Genentech/Roche has three treatments in development for IBD.

A phase I trial is evaluating etrolizumab in pediatric patients of 4 to <18 years of age with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) or with moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD).

Genentechs Phase III Etro Studies program is also underway, assessing its safety and efficacy in both UC and Crohns. During this trial, etrolizumab will be compared to other currently the U.S. FDA-approved drugs, namelyRemicade (infliximab) and Humira (adalimumab), and to placebo. There are five planned trials for patients with UC, and two for thosewith CD, to be carried out in the U.S., as well as one non-U.S. based trial in UC patients. All these studies arecurrently recruiting participants.

AbbVie has three drugs in development for inflammatory bowel disease.

Phase I

Aevi Genomics has partnered with Kyowa Kirin for AEVI-002, a human monoclonal antibody that binds an inflammatory protein found in intestinal tissue called LIGHT. The trial is evaluating AEVI-002 for severe pediatric-onset Crohns disease. Initial data are expected in the second half of 2019.

Assembly Biosciences is conducting a phase IB clinical trial of its lead investigational live biotherapeutic product (LBP) candidate, ABI-M201, in patients with mildly to moderately active UC. ABI-M201 is comprised of a dened consortium of gut commensal bacterial strains, specically selected based on their functional attributes to target key aspects of disease biology. Assembly and Allergan have entered into a collaboration to jointly develop LBP compounds for Ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohns Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndromes. ABI-M201 is the first LBP candidate under this collaboration.

Enteromeis partnered with Takeda for the co-development and co-commercialization of EB8018 (TAK018), a first-in-class, non-systemic, orally administered small molecule. EB8018 is specifically designed to remain gut-restricted and to block bacteria expressing the bacterial virulence factor, FimH, a key inducer of the inflammatory cascade in the intestine, thereby decreasing intestinal inflammation in patients with Crohns disease. Preliminary data from a Phase Ib clinical trial of EB8018 for the treatment of Crohns disease is expected in 2019. Takeda is planning to commence a phase II trial in November of 2019.

Gossamer Bio is developing GB004, an oral HIF-1 stabilizer. Patient enrollment in a Phase Ib study of active mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) began during the second quarter, and the Company expects topline results from the study in the first half of 2020.

Intralytix, Inc.'s EcoActive bacteriophage therapy targeting adhesive invasive E. coli (AIEC) in Crohn's disease patients has entered a Phase I/IIa clinical trial at the Icahn School of Medicine at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, NY. The presence of AIEC in the intestines is associated with worsening inflammation in this disease. The trial will measure the effect of oral phage administration on the AIEC (CFU/g) in stools of patients receiving phages versus patients receiving a placebo.

Nutrition Science Partners Limited, a 50/50 joint venture between Chi-Med and Nestl Health Science SA, is assessing HMPL004-6599, a proprietary botanical (Andrographis paniculate) with in vitro inhibitory activity against TNF-, IL-1 and NF-B. A pilot study of A. paniculata extract (HMPL-004) indicated similar efficacy to mesalamine for ulcerative colitis. HMPL004-6599 is an enriched/purified re-formulation of HMPL-004, an anti-inflammatory with anti-TNF properties. A phase 3 trial of the original formulation was evaluating its efficacy in ulcerative colitis. However, the trial was terminated in 2014 following an interim analysis showing the endpoint was unlikely to be reached.

OSE Immunotherapeutics has a pipeline of drugs aimed at immune-oncology and autoimmune diseases, one of which is OSE-127. OSE-127 is a monoclonal immunomodulatory antibody targeting the CD127 receptor, the alpha chain of the interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) that induces a powerful antagonist effect on effector T lymphocytes. The blockage of IL-7R prevents the migration of pathogenic T lymphocytes while preserving regulator T lymphocytes (1,2,3,4) which have a positive impact in autoimmune diseases. The first patients were dosed in a phase I trial in December of 2018.

Phase II

AbGenomicsis evaluating neihulizumab/AbGn-168H, a humanized therapeutic antibody with a unique mechanism of action, which preferentially induces apoptosis of late-stage activated T cells. This activated-T cell apoptosis-inducing antibody effectively eliminates chronic pathogenic T cells while fully maintaining host defense. A phase II trial is currently enrolling up to 40 patients with moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis and who have failed or are intolerant to anti-TNF and/or anti-integrin therapy.

Allergan's brazikumab is an anti-inflammatory with the potential to curb inflammation by blocking the proinflammatory molecule interleukin-23. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 119 adults with moderate to severe CD who had failed treatment with tumor necrosis factor antagonists, 8 and 24 weeks of treatment were associated with clinical improvement. Higher baseline serum concentrations of IL22 were associated with a greater likelihood of response to treatment compared withplacebo.

Two trials are currently underway, and both are utilizing a personalized approach to evaluate the role of biomarkers, such as IL22, in predicting treatment response to brazikumab.

The phase II EXPEDITION trial is comparing brazikumab to placebo or Entyvio (vedolizumab) in approximately 375 patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis.

The phase IIb/III INTREPID trial is currently enrolling up to 1,140 patients with moderate to severe Crohns disease to evaluate brazikumab versus placebo and versus an active comparator, Humira (adalimumab).

Boehringer Ingelheimis developing Spesolimab (BI 655130) is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the action of the interleukin-36 receptor (IL-36R), a signaling pathway within the immune system that may play a role in many inflammatory diseases. Proof of concept was demonstrated in a phase I study in patients with generalized pustular psoriasis, an IL36-mediated skin disease.

Four clinical trials are currently underway for both Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.

Bridge Biotherapeutics is evaluating BBT-401, a GI-tract restricted small molecule inhibitor of Pellino-1. Pellino-1 is a ligase acting as a critical mediator for a variety of immune receptor signaling pathways, including Toll-like receptors, interleukin-1 receptor and T-cell receptors. BBT-401 was proved to be well-tolerated and safe in a phase I study in 80 healthy volunteers. In addition, the PK data demonstrated its key feature of no or minimal systemic exposure. A randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation phase II trial is recruiting 48 patients with active ulcerative colitis.

Bristol-Myers Squibbs BMS-986165 is an oral, selective tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor. TYK2, an intracellular signaling kinase, mediates cytokine-driven immune and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways that are critical in the cycle of chronic inflammation central to immune-mediated diseases. A phase II trial in patients with psoriasis was successfully completed in 2018. Two phase II trials are currently underway, one each in Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.

Eli Lillyis progressing with mirikizumab (LY 3074828), a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that binds and inhibits the p19 subunit of interleukin 23. Positive results have been reported from the phase II SERENITY trial in patients with Crohns disease and from a phase II trial for ulcerative colitis. Both trials showed that patients treated with mirikizumab achieved significantly greater rates of clinical and endoscopic remission at 12 weeks compared to placebo. Lilly is currently conducting six clinical trials in phase II and phase III, for both Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.

Gilead, in global collaboration with Galapagos NV, is studying filgotinib, a highly selective JAK1 inhibitor. Results from a phase II study, FITZROY, were published in The Lancet in December of 2017. The study examined the efficacy and safety of filgotinib for the treatment of active moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease. Data showed filgotinib induced clinical remission in significantly more patients compared with placebo and had an acceptable safety profile. There are currently seven active phase II and III trials underway, including MANTA, DIVERSITY, DIVERGENCE2 and SELECTION 1.

Immunic Therapeutics is developing IMU-838, an oral tablet formulation of a small molecule drug (vidofludimus calcium), which inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). Immunic completed two phase I studies in 2017, which evaluated single or repeated once-daily doses of IMU-838 in healthy volunteers. Results supported the tolerability of repeated daily dosing of up to 50 mg of IMU-838. A phase II trial, CALDOSE 1, is underway for ulcerative colitis.

Incyteis evaluating itacitinib, an orally administered small molecule Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor. A double-blind, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled phase II trial is currently recruiting patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.

Landos Biopharma's lead program is BT-11, an orally active, locally acting small molecule therapeutic that binds to LANCL2. In preclinical studies, it was shown to exert potent anti-inflammatory effects and was safe and well-tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities in a phase I study. A phase II trial began in August of 2019 in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and is underway in Europe and the U.S. A second phase II study is anticipated to begin shortly in patients with moderate to severe Crohns disease, also in Europe and the United States.

Reistone Biopharma is developing SHR-0302, an orally administered selective JAK1 inhibitor. Two trials are underway: a phase II trial evaluating SHR0302 compared to placebo in patients with moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis and a phase II trial evaluating SHR-0302 in patients with moderate to severe active Crohn's Disease.

Seres Therapeutics is advancing with SER-287 is an oral capsule developed using Seres proprietary microbiome therapeutics platform. It is biologically-sourced and contains a consortium of live and diverse bacterial spores. SER-287 was designed to reduce the triggers of immune activation rather than suppress the immune system. Results from a phase Ib trial in patients with ulcerative colitis showed SER-287 microbiome treatment resulted in a dose-dependent benefit in clinical remission rates, and an improvement in endoscopic scores. A phase II trial, ECO-RESET, is currently recruiting 200 adults, age 18-80, with active mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis.

Sublimity Therapeutics has developed an oral formulation of cyclosporine, referred to as ST-0529, using Sublimitys proprietary SmPill delivery system. Unlike conventional oral or intravenous cyclosporine, SmPill technology enables precise delivery of cyclosporine directly into diseased tissue in the colon, thus minimizing systemic exposure and unwanted side effects. In a phase IIa study ST-0529 was safe, well-tolerated and showed a numerically higher difference in remission rates in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis compared to placebo after only four weeks of treatment. A phase IIb study, AURORA (CYC-202), is currently recruiting 280 subjects with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis.

Theravanceand Janssen Biotech are collaborating on the development of TD-1473, an orally administered and intestinally restricted pan-Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. Data from a phase Ib trial demonstrated that four weeks of TD-1473 treatment produced signals of clinical, histologic, and biomarker activity in patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis. A phase II trial, DIONE, is evaluating TD-1473 in subjects with moderately-to-severely active Crohn's Disease with up to 42 weeks of treatment. A phase II/III trial, RHEA, is evaluating the efficacy and safety of induction and maintenance therapy with TD-1473 in subjects with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis with up to 60 weeks of treatment.

Phase III

Arena Pharmaceuticalsis developing etrasimod, a next-generation, once-daily, oral, highly selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator designed for optimized pharmacology and engagement of S1P receptor 1, 4 and 5, which may lead to an improved efficacy and safety profile. The phase II OASIS trial met primary and all secondary endpoints with statistical significance for patients with ulcerative colitis receiving 2 mg dose of etrasimod for 12 weeks. Based on these results, Arena initiated the global phase III ELEVATE UC program, which consists of two worldwide clinical trials and an open-label extension study. In addition, planning is underway for a phase II/III trial in patients with Crohns disease.

Celgene's ozanimod targets the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-1 and -5 receptors. Results from phase II trials were reported in October of 2017. In the phase II STEPSTONE open-label study, ozanimod demonstrated meaningful clinical and endoscopic improvements in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease at week 12. In the phase II TOUCHSTONE open-label extension study, ozanimod continued to demonstrate clinically meaningful results in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis across multiple measures of disease activity through week 92. Celgene currently has nine active studies underway for both forms of IBD.

EA Pharma, a joint venture between Eisai Groups gastrointestinal disease business and Ajinomoto Group, is evaluating AJM300 (carotegrast methyl) an orally-active small molecule that antagonizes the 4 integrin receptor. A phase III trial was initiated in June of 2018 to evaluate AJM300 in patients with active ulcerative colitis.

RedHill Biopharma is evaluating RHB-104, a formulation of the generic antibiotics clarithromycin, rifabutin and clofazimine that is designed to treat Crohns disease by wiping out Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) infection.Some studies have linked infection with the bacterium to Crohns disease. In July of 2018, positive results were reported from the MAP US study, which evaluated RHB-104 for Crohns disease. The primary endpoint was successfully achieved, with superior remission rate at week 26 in patients treated with RHB-104 versus placebo.

Shire, a Takedacompany, has moved into phase III development with ontamalimab (SHP 647), a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody that targets mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule (MADCAM1). Shire licensed the drug from Pfizer in 2016. Results from a phase II trial in patients with ulcerative colitis were published in the journal The Lancet in 2017 and demonstrated the treatment was safe and well-tolerated in this patient population, and better than placebo for induction of remission. Seven phase III trials are currently recruiting patients with both ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease.

Preclinical Candidates

The following is a sampling of companies that are preparing to develop and investigate drugs and other therapeutics in the preclinical laboratory setting. Data gathered from these preclinical trials will be used to determine whether the drug/therapy will move forward with clinical testing in humans.

AntaraLife Science's lead human health product is referred to as GaRP (Gastrointestinal ReProgramming). The GaRP product is a microbiome-targeted multi-component dietary supplement that has been designed to address the primary underlying factors associated with IBD and IBS. It is being positioned as an adjunct to existing therapies and not to replace existing prescription medications. Antara has completed the preclinical program, which provided strong scientific evidence that GaRP can combat the underlying causes of chronic bowel conditions, including inflammation and dysbiosis of the microbiome. Antara anticipates submitting regulator applications to move into clinical trials by the end of 2019.

Prometheus Bioscienceshas partnered with Takeda to discover, develop, and commercialize targeted therapies for inflammatory bowel disease. The collaboration combines the proprietary bioinformatics discovery platform and companion diagnostic tools developed by Prometheus Biosciences with Takeda's expertise in gastroenterology and drug development, in order to discover and advance up to three targeted IBD therapeutics and companion diagnostics.

Read this article:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Insight Report: Current Therapies, Drug Pipeline and Outlook - BioSpace

BRUNSWICK Bradford Thomas Martin, 33, passed away on Nov. 8, 2019 due to complications from a rare genetic disease, Dyskeratosis Congenita.

Brad was born August 15, 1986 in Newark, Del. He and his family moved to Maine in January of 1991. He attended the Yarmouth school system from kindergarten through his high school graduation in 2005. He was a graduate of Keene State College, Class of 2009, with a degree in Occupational Health and Safety Studies.

He was a dedicated volunteer, Badge No. 356, for the Yarmouth Fire Department for over nine years.

He had been a Sugarloafer since 1997 where he participated in group ski lessons, the Junior Professional Program, and was an instructor for several years. He recently became a member of the Sugarloaf Ski Club. Brad was a very accomplished skier and loved it more than anything. He spent every winter at Sugarloaf where he and his friends regularly camped out at our house. Sugarloaf was home for Brad.

He was a passionate sports fan of multiple sports, too many to list, but especially his beloved Boston Bruins, Boston Red Sox, and New England Patriots. He enjoyed playing golf and traveling. In 2015 he traveled alone extensively throughout southeast Asia and Europe for more than three months. He was a foodie and enjoyed trying new foods. He also loved swimming and boating at Thompson Lake, in Poland, MaIne, where he spent most of his childhood summers.

Along with Brads passion for sports, he was an avid reader including several daily newspapers.

Brad was his own person. He had strong principles and opinions and lived his life on his terms. Brad positively touched so many lives in so short a time. His curiosity about the world, his intolerance for bullshit, and his willingness to always stick up for the underdog is why he had so many friends across all ages.

Brad is survived by his parents Donna and Bruce of Brunswick and Port St. Lucie, Fla.; his brother Garrett of South Portland; his girlfriend, Cyndee DAgostini of Portland and Orange County, Calif.; as well as many aunts, uncles, and cousins. He is predeceased by his grandparents Claudette and Normand Allard, formerly of Port St. Lucie, Fla. and Central Falls, R.I.; Dorothy and Norman Martin, formerly of Cumberland, R.I.; and uncle, John Martin, formerly of Harrisville, R.I.

In honor of Brads journey through life, there will be a celebration of his life at The Rack in Carrabassett Valley, ME in Spring 2020.

In memory of Brad, donations may be made to:

Childrens Medical Center Corporation

A Massachusetts

Charitable Corporation

300 Longwood Ave.

Boston, MA 02115

Tax ID: 04-1174680

To Be Used For

Dyskeratosis Congenita Research

In The Stem Cell

Transplant Center

Bone Marrow Study of The PARN Mutation

or; Camp Sunshine

35 Acadia Rd.

Casco, ME 04015

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Obituary: Bradford Thomas Martin - Press Herald

Florida Poly assistant professor Dr. Ajeet Kaushik has received the 2019 USERN Prize in biological sciences, an international award recognizing his work in the field of nanomaterials for the detection and treatment of diseases.

LAKELAND, Fla., Nov. 18, 2019 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- Dr. Ajeet Kaushik is determined to make detecting and treating diseases easy, accessible, and precise through the use of nanomaterials for biosensing and medicine.

His extensive work and resolute desire to improve the delivery of healthcare has earned Kaushik the prestigious Universal Scientific Education Research Network (USERN) Prize. He was named a laureate in the field of biological sciences during the group's fourth annual congress on Nov. 8 in Budapest, Hungary.

USERN, a non-governmental, non-profit organization and network dedicated to non-military scientific advances, is committed to exploring science beyond international borders.

"I was speechless for a while," said Kaushik, who is an assistant professor of chemistry at Florida Polytechnic University.

Kaushik did not attend the awards ceremony in person but did submit a video to be played at the event. He was among hundreds vying for the prize and one of five people who were recognized in different areas of study.

His submitted project, Nano-Bio-Technology for Personalized Health Care, focuses on using nanomaterials to create biosensors that will detect the markers of a disease at very low levels.

"Biosensing is not a new concept, but now we are making devices that are smarter and more capable," Kaushik said.

He cited the recent zika virus epidemic that affected pregnant women and their fetuses, leading to significant health complications upon birth. "There was a demand to have a system that could detect the virus protein at a very low level, but there was no device. There was no diagnostic system," he said.

Kaushik worked on the development of a smart zika sensor that could detect the disease at these low levels. "The kind of systems I'm focusing on can be customized in a way that we carry like a cell phone and do the tests wherever we need to do them," he said.

In addition to using nanotechnology for the detection of diseases like zika, his research on nanoparticles is advancing efforts to precisely deliver medicine to a specific part of the body without affecting surrounding tissue or other parts of the body.

"The drugs we use now do not go only where they need to go, or sometimes they have side effects. We are treating one disease but creating other symptoms," Kaushik said. "I'm exploring nanotechnology that can carry a drug, selectively go to a place, and release the drug so we avoid using excessive drugs."

This nanomedicine could be used to precisely target brain tumors or other difficult-to-treat conditions. He has published papers in scientific journals about this work and also holds multiple patents.

"My whole approach is using smart material science for better health for everybody, which is accessible to everybody everywhere," Kaushik said.

In addition to his USERN prize, Kaushik was named a USERN junior ambassador for 2020 and will work to advance the organization's mission in the United States.

For the most recent university news, visit Florida Poly News.

About Florida Polytechnic University:

Florida Polytechnic University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges and is a member of the State University System of Florida. It is the only state university dedicated exclusively to STEM and offers ABET accredited degrees. Florida Poly is a powerful economic engine within the state of Florida, blending applied research with industry partnerships to give students an academically rigorous education with real-world relevance. Connect with Florida Poly online at http://www.floridapoly.edu.

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Nanotechnology for disease diagnosis and treatment earns Florida Poly professor international award - Yahoo Finance

Science has identified in the plant kingdom the "missing link" of cellular immortality between human and single-celled animals, according to a new study led by scientists from Arizona State University and Texas A&M University.

"This is the first time that we have identified the detailed structure of the telomerase component from plants," said co-author Dr. Julian Chen, a professor of biochemistry at Arizona State University. The study was published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal.

Telomerase is the enzyme that creates the DNA of telomeres, the compound structures located at the tips of our chromosomes. Telomeres protect our cells from aging as they multiply.

"So in terms of fundamental research, this is a really big breakthrough because now finally we have a way to study telomerase in plants and to understand how different or similar they are from animals," Chen said.

Could the discovery possibly lead to humans one day living as long as the fabled "Methuselah" tree, a bristlecone pine species that can live over 5,000 years? Maybe one day.

"This is really basic research. The application to humans is really a long way away," Chen said.

In the meantime, however, experts like University of California at San Francisco's Elizabeth Blackburn are bullish. Blackburn won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine -- along with Johns Hopkins' Carol Greider and Harvard's Jack Szostak -- for their discoveries on telomeres and telomerase.

"Excitingly, this paper reports how plants fill in the missing links of telomerase RNA's eventful evolutionary history ... from our simplest forebears," Blackburn said. "This fundamental new understanding may pave the way to new routes to optimizing telomere maintenance for human health."

Think of telomeres as the plastic caps on the ends of your shoelaces. High levels of telomerase keep those telomeres long, thus allowing them to continue to protect our cells from damage as they divide.

Most of the cells in our body have very low levels of telomerase, and thus age as they divide (picture the shoelace tips wearing away until they are gone). Aging cells equal an aging body, with cells no longer functioning normally.

However, when the cell's ends are protected by telomeres, only a piece of the telomere, or cap, is lost as the cell divides, and the important DNA is left undamaged. Considering a typical cell divides about 50 to 70 times, having no protective cap could lead to chromosome instability or cells that stop dividing.

In humans, for example, egg, sperm and stem cell chromosomes contain high levels of telomerase, and so can continue to divide over and over and avoid rapid aging.

Yet even telomeres do not have eternal life. Each time a cell replicates, about 20 base pairs are lost from the telomere, or shoelace cap. We can lose even more -- 50 to 100 base pairs per cell division -- when our bodies are in oxidative stress.

We put our bodies into oxidative stress by smoking, eating a poor diet, stress and other harmful lifestyle behaviors. Between normal wear and tear and the oxidative stress of our lifestyles, even long telomeres are worn away.

But if science could harness the secret of the telomerase enzyme, it's possible that we could prolong the life of telomeres, slowing the aging process.

We might be able to reverse diseases in which telomeres are shortened, such as pulmonary fibrosis.

And here's another key benefit to unraveling this mystery: Cancer cells contain high levels of telomerase, allowing them to continue replicating themselves until they form tumors.

Switching off telomerase activity in cancer cells would shorten their telomeres, whittling them down to a nub called a "critical length," which then triggers programmed cell death.

The ultimate goal: stopping cancer cold.

When Blackburn, Greider and Szostak won the Nobel Prize in 2009, it was for their groundbreaking discoveries on telomeres and telomerase. They extracted telomere DNA from a single-celled organism in pond scum, showed how it protected chromosomes in yeast, and identified and named the enzyme telomerase that builds the DNA of telomeres and extends their lives.

Since then, telomerases have been found to exist almost universally across species, but in complicated ways.

"This enzyme action is similar from the simplest organisms to humans," Blackburn said. "Yet, the telomerase RNA part of telomerase has long presented a mystery because it is surprisingly different between different evolutionary branches of life."

Each species has unique elements to their telomere RNA, and not all appear to protect against aging. For example, some species with longer telomeres have shorter life spans than those with shorter telomeres.

Scientists continue to explore the role of telomeres and the enzyme telomerase in aging, and now believe that they may only be one part of the aging process, at least in animals.

"If cells have telomerase, they will live longer, but these cells are just part of your body," Chen said. "Whether it can delay the entire individual's aging or increase their life span, that's a different story. "

Now science has an entire new kingdom of telomerase to dissect: Plantae, consisting of more than 2,500 species.

"Maybe telomerase activity is different in plants than in animals," Chen said. "We know that some of the core is similar, but you might have some additional features that plants acquire to be plant specific.

"We're hoping to learn something from their regulation, mechanisms or structures that can apply to human telomerase," Chen said. "So in terms of basic research, this is really exciting because it's a brand new kingdom that we can explore as to how telomeres do their jobs in plants."

Read the rest here:
Breakthrough discovery in plants' DNA may lead to slowing aging process in humans - WAAY

The nonprofit Chopra Foundation in California is bringing its Sages and Scientists Symposium to Bentonville this weekend beginning Thursday. Itll be held at Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art.

Deepak Chopra, the foundations namesake and the co-founder of the Chopra Center for Wellbeing in Carlsbad, Calif., is the organizer of the conference. Chopra moved from India to the U.S. in his early 20s to continue his study of Western medicine. Following a residency in New Jersey, he landed in Boston, where he quickly rose to chief of medicine at New England Memorial Hospital.

Now 73 years old, Chopra is considered a pioneer of integrative medicine, which recommends mixing mainstream Western medicine with alternative treatments. He has written nearly 90 books on the topic, many of them The New York Times bestsellers.

Chopra organized the first Sages and Scientists in 2010 in Carlsbad, where it was held annually through 2014. The most recent Sages and Scientists was in Beverly Hills in 2016.

In a recent interview, Chopra discussed his rationale for choosing Bentonville for this years event, which will attract thought leaders from around the world. The interview has been edited slightly for brevity and clarity.

Paul Gatling: How did you decide on having Sages and Scientists in Arkansas? Whats the appeal of having the event here?

Deepak Chopra: We decided to do it at Crystal Bridges for two reasons. One is Alice Walton was very gracious to give us the venue to do the conference. I have been to Bentonville several times over the years and to Crystal Bridges. And of course Northwest Arkansas has a great tradition of various things: food, culture, music, film and so on. I have a special proclivity to be enchanted by this kind of culture, so we decided to come to Bentonville, Ark., and people are coming from all over the world.

Gatling: Whats your take on Bentonville versus maybe what your preconceived idea of Bentonville was before visiting? I cant imagine youve been to Arkansas too many times.

Chopra: I have, actually. I have been there several times. Over the course of a year I come out at least three or four times. I love the atmosphere. Bentonville, particularly, has grown over the years. I remember it from the late 1980s, and it keeps getting even more culturally, unusually attractive to me. People are unaware of the fact there are direct flights from New York and Los Angeles. Once they come there, they find it very enchanting.

Gatling: How long have you known Alice Walton?

Chopra: I have known her since 1988. I knew Sam [Walton] as well. And I have known the [Walton] family for several years.

Gatling: Sages and Scientists, in general, what was the goal when you first began to organize these events?

Chopra: To bring together luminaries and thought leaders in academia, and also entrepreneurs from Silicon Valley, and also thought leaders in business and philanthropy in three areas. No. 1, well-being; No. 2, humanitarianism; and No. 3, a deeper understanding of the nature of reality or what we call the cosmos. We have thought leaders in every field, from machine learning to deep learning to understanding genetics and neuroscience and cosmology. We have the professor from MIT who created the VR for the landing on Mars. She very kindly accepted the invitation to speak about virtual reality and how that will have immense applications, not only for exploring intergalactic space but right here at home with the treatment of illness and disease.

Its going to be amazing, and every time weve done this conference, it has evolved to a new level of understanding. We have 3.5 days. The first day is the future of well-being and then the future of humanity and the future of the cosmos. Its a very ambitious program.

Gatling: You have said Sages and Scientists Symposium is a catalyst for your work to improve global well-being trends? Which trends need the most work? What is most concerning to you as a thought leader in that space?

Chopra: Right now, we know that only 5% of disease-related gene mutations are fully penetrant, which means they predict the disease. So if somebody has the BRCA gene for breast cancer, its almost 100% likely they will get breast cancer. But that applies to only 5% of all chronic illness, including cancers. For those kinds of mutations, there are new technologies emerging.

You may have heard of CRISPR, which is basically gene editing and splicing. Just like you can read a barcode of an item at the grocery store or cut and paste an email, you will soon be able to its already being done you can actually read the barcode of a gene and delete the defective gene and insert the healthy gene. Even that only helps 5% of chronic illness.

So 95% of chronic illness is related to inflammation in the body low-grade inflammation in the body, low-grade depression, anxiety, stress. If you pay attention to things like sleep, stress management, exercise, movement, yoga, deep breathing, healthy emotions and relationships, nutrition and the connection with nature that is why we also chose Northwest Arkansas then you can actually prevent a lot of chronic illnesses.

So the future of well-being is predictable. It requires your participation. Its preventable, and in many cases even reversible. We want to highlight what the future of health and well-being is. Right now, the discussions around health are not really about health. Theyre about insurance. Everybody needs to be covered, but I think people need to realize that a lot of disease is preventable, and they can participate in their own well-being.

Gatling: You are a proponent of alternative medicine. Whats your definition of alternative medicine? An alternative to what?

Chopra: So I dont use that word, even though I have been given that designation. Its integrative medicine, which means you use whatever works. Pharmaceuticals, surgery, radiation they all work in selective cases, and also particularly in acute illness. Integrative medicine means mostly lifestyle and stress management and nutrition and healthy emotions. Even things like good sleep. We have been doing studies on aspects of well-being, and we were among the first to be published in peer-reviewed journals how you can change the activity of your genes toward health and well-being or self-regulation, instead of inflammation.

Gatling: Whats the single biggest barrier thats keeping integrative medicine from the mainstream?

Chopra: There are special interest groups that have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo, and thats not going to change unless theres public awareness of what it means to be healthy.

Gatling: How would you say you spend the majority of your time these days? Writing, speaking, traveling, advising, podcasting? What occupies most of your time?

Chopra: Writing and public speaking, but also at the Chopra Foundation. We collaborate with other researchers at places like Harvard and Duke and Scripps [Health] and UCLA on looking at integrative modalities. And we publish a lot of research in peer-reviewed journals.

Gatling: Suicide prevention is something that you are specifically focused on through some of your podcast work. Why are those rates so high in America or around the world?

Chopra: This is an epidemic that has reached a proportion that we never envisioned, and a lot of attention has been brought to it recently because of very successful people, celebrities, committing suicide. It is the second most common cause of death in younger people as well, between the ages of 10 and 30.

We need to do something about it. If you bring awareness to people, if you help them create social networks, both online and offline much in the way of Alcoholics Anonymous without the stigma then we can actually do something about the epidemic. And we need to, for the next generation.

Gatling: What are your thoughts on technology today a necessity versus a necessary evil? Smartphones for example. Good or bad?

Chopra: I actually am a big fan of technology. I also think its part of our human evolution, and by itself its neutral. Neither good nor evil. Its up to us how we use it. You can use it to hack elections. You can use it to create a better world. Its all up to us. We should schedule technology time, just like we schedule other times for exercise, sleep, relationships.

Gatling: How old are you?

Chopra: I am chronologically 73, but biologically I feel very young.

Gatling: Still a practicing physician?

Chopra: I have a group practice in California, and I maintain my license in Massachusetts and also California. But I mostly consult with other physicians who are part of our group practice. Once in a while when I am in California I will see patients that are intriguing to our group. Our group practice [Mind-Body Medical Group] in San Diego has lots of physicians internists, oncologists and others who are trained in internal medicine and in some specialties, but also have expertise in integrative medicine.

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Q&A: Deepak Chopra on Bentonville, health and well-being - talkbusiness.net

From left to right: Don Noel, President of Port Orleans Brewing Co.; Chip Turner, District Manager at Winn-Dixie; Elizabeth Lapeyre, MD, Director, Integrative Medicine Program for Ochsner; Brian Moore, MD, FACS, Director, Ochsner Cancer Institute (Photo: Business Wire)

In October, Port Orleans Brewing Company teamed up with grocery chain Winn-Dixie for the Lend a Helping Can campaign to raise money for the Ochsner Cancer Institute. The campaign was overwhelmingly successful: on Thursday, November 14, the two businesses donated a total of $71,127 to the Ochsner Cancer Institute to help patients in their fight against cancer.

The Ochsner Cancer Institute treats more than 34,000 patients each year. According to Brian Moore, MD, FACS Director of the Ochsner Cancer Institute, The Ochsner Cancer Institute is committed to providing expert cancer care where its patients live, in large and small communities alike, and provides support and services to bring more good days to patients undergoing treatment. In the Spring of 2020, the newly expanded Gayle and Tom Benson Cancer Center at Ochsner Medical Center will double in size and provide even more access to the latest cancer treatments, research, and multidisciplinary care that treats the whole patient physically, mentally, and emotionally. Philanthropic support from organizations like Port Orleans and Winn-Dixie make what we do possible. We are very thankful to them and all Lend a Helping Can participants.

While this years Lend a Helping Can campaign was the first time that Port Orleans Brewing Company and Winn-Dixie have teamed up together, both businesses have said that they look forward to expanding the partnership next year.

Its an honor to participate in this campaign with Winn-Dixie, said Zach Strief, Owner and Co-founder of Port Orleans Brewing Co. Our community is founded on the values of charity and service, so its important for us to also give back to the community that gives so much.

We cannot thank our customers and associates enough for their generous donations to such an important organization, said Joey Medina, Regional Vice President at Winn-Dixie. The incredible work that the Ochsner Cancer Institute does for the Gulf Coast region is crucial to the wellbeing of the communities we serve. It is an honor to build on our relationships with Port Orleans and Ochsner as we all continue to do our best to make an impact on the everyday lives of the people in our community.

Hey guys!

Were so grateful to our friends, our families, our neighbors, and especially our readers for chipping in, sharing, and donating to the cause of local progressive media. Your support has lifted us up so much and will most assuredly not be lost or forgotten.

If you care about local independent progressive media in an era where multi-millionaires such as John Georges are monopolizing our local press, then please donate any amount you can to make our operation a success. We can do this! Do not give up.

What else can you do if youve already donated and cant donate anymore? Share our content on Facebook and tell people about our fundraising operation. Call and email others who may be able to give. We believe in you because you believe in us and together we can ensure Big Easy Magazine becomes a progressive icon for New Orleans and an inspiration for the expansion of progressive media around the world.

Thank you,Scott PloofPublisherBig Easy Magazine

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Port Orleans Brewing Co and Winn-Dixie Team Up to Give Over $70k to Ochsner Cancer Institute - Big Easy Magazine

To evaluate the effects of Xiaojin Pill () in the treatment of Peyronie's disease (PD) in a rat model.

Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups with 6 in each: sham operation, PD model, vehicle control and Xiaojin Pill groups. The rats in the sham operation group received penile tunica albsginea (TA) injection with 50 L vehicle, while the rats in the other 3 groups received 50 L penile TA injection of 50 g transforming growth factor (TGF)-1. Forty-two days after the injection, rats in the vehicle control and Xiaojin Pill groups received 0.5 mL water and Xiaojin Pill solution (107 mg/kg of body weight), respectively by gavage for 28 days, while those in the sham operation and PD model groups did not receive any intervention. After intervention, the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 (MMP2/9), nitric oxidesynthase (NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured.

Rats in the PD model and vehicle control groups presented obvious fibrosis in corpus cavernosum (CC) and demonstrated a significantly increased expressions of MMP2 and MMP9 in the CC compared with the sham operation group (all P<0.01). In contrast, the expressions of MMP2 and MMP9 in the Xiaojin Pill group were significantly down-regulated (both P<0.01). In addition, the levels of NOS and MDA in CC were significantly increased while the activity of SOD was decreased in the PD model and vehicle control groups compared with the sham operation group (all P<0.01). After Xiaojin Pill treatment, the levels of MDA, NOS and SOD appeared to be corrected (all P<0.01).

Xiaojin Pill could reduce fibrosis in the CC by decreasing the expressions of MMPs, NOS and MDA, and by increasing the activity of SOD. Therefore, Xiaojin Pill might be a therapeutic option for PD.

Chinese journal of integrative medicine. 2019 Oct 24 [Epub]

Qiang Geng, Fu Wang, Qiang Han, Shao-Feng Chen, Bin Ouyang, Zhong Li, Yu Zhao, Qing-He Gao, Guo-Jin Yu, Jun Guo

Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China., Department of Andrology, Beijing's Capital Medical University Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Beijing, 100010, China., Department of Andrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China., Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China. .

PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31650486

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Antioxidant Mechanism of Xiaojin Pill () for Treatment of Peyronie's Disease in Rats Based on Matrix Metalloproteinases. - UroToday

People living with asthma use a variety of methods to keep their condition under control. Common methods include taking daily medicine to lower inflammation in the airways, and using inhalers for quick relief when an asthma attack strikes, according to theNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

RELATED: Everything You Need to Know About Asthma

For some people, complementary treatment options can boost the effectiveness of conventional treatments and help keep symptoms under control. Two such complementary options include acupressure and acupuncture.

Acupressure is a form of massage (also known as bodywork) thats been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years as a treatment for illness and pain, according to theUCLA Center for East-West Medicine. Its based on the same ideas as another type of traditional Chinese medicine: acupuncture.

Both forms of therapy involve stimulating pressure points on the body, but in acupressure the practitioner uses the hands and elbows to apply physical pressure, and in acupuncture he or she inserts very thin needles in the skin; the needles are activated through gentle movements of the practitioners hands or with electrical stimulation, according toJohns Hopkins Medicine.

The idea is that by stimulating various pressure, or acupoints, on the body, you can work on bringing about therapeutic effects for a given condition, according to Malcolm B. Taw, MD, the director of the UCLA Center for East-West Medicine in Westlake Village and an associate clinical professor in the UCLA Department of Medicine in Los Angeles. A review published in 2015 in the journal Pain Medicinelooked at current research and evidence on the definition and function of acupoints and concluded that they may release certain substances or sustain certain changes in ways that adjust the function of specific organs, maintain homeostasis in the body, or affect symptoms of various diseases.

Pressing acupoints via acupressure, for example, can help release muscle tension and promote blood circulation, according to theMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. More specifically, applying pressure to acupoints can signal to the body to turn on self-healing or regulatory mechanisms, sending vital energy (known as qi, pronounced chee) through natural pathways in the body called meridians. Research suggests that once the pressure point is stimulated, the qi flows from the pressure point through the meridian and into the target area. Similarly, stimulating pressure points with needles via acupuncture is thought to stimulate the central nervous system to release chemicals into the muscles, spinal cord, and brain, which may kickstart the bodys natural healing abilities, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine.

There are many acupoints that may be used to treat asthma symptoms. A few include bladder 13 (located on the back), conception vessel 17 (located on the chest), as well as lung 1 and kidney 27, which are located along the front of the torso, according to Dr. Taw.

Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for relieving allergic asthma, according to Maeve OConnor, MD, the chair of the Integrative Medicine Committee for the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology and an allergist in private practice at Allergy Asthma & Immunology Relief in Charlotte, North Carolina. Allergic asthma is a type of asthma where symptoms are caused by allergens like dust, mold, pollen, and food, she notes.

RELATED: What Type of Asthma Do I Have?

In one study published in April 2017 in theJournal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, patients with allergic asthma who added 15 acupuncture sessions to routine care over the course of three months saw greater improvements in disease-specific and health-related quality of life compared with patients who received only routine care.

Another study found that patients with allergic asthma who received 12 acupuncture sessions that targeted the pressure points thought to be connected with asthma over four weeks reported a greater improvement in general well-being compared with a control group of individuals who received the same number of acupuncture treatments, but ones that didnt necessarily target pressure points linked to asthma.

Plus, blood tests of those individuals who received asthma-specific acupuncture showed reductions in inflammatory cytokines (small proteins that influence how other cells communicate) after four weeks. Why does this matter for people with asthma? Well, asthma is a condition that leads to inflammation of the airways. The study shows that acupuncture can influence the physiological processes found in asthma by lowering levels of specific mediators involved with inflammation, Taw says.

In addition, a review and meta-analysis published in the January 2019 issue of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine found that using acupuncture in addition to conventional asthma treatments led to a statistically significant improvement in symptom response rates, and resulted in lower levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a protein your body produces in response to infections and injuries. Too much IL-6 can contribute to chronic inflammation, according to research published in the October 2014 issue of Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. And as weve already seen, chronic inflammation is a hallmark of asthma. Therefore, the review and meta-analysis suggests that acupuncture may help lower inflammation in people with asthma by lowering levels of pro-inflammatory proteins like IL-6.

Ultimately, acupuncture is a good add-on to conventional asthma treatments, according to Taw. But acupuncture shouldnt replace your usual asthma treatments. We wouldnt advise patients to stay away from conventional treatments, Taw says. But if they wanted to add it on, we have no problem adding acupuncture to help with the symptom response.

While several studies have looked at acupunctures effects on asthma (including the aforementioned ones), few have investigated the effectiveness of acupressure for helping with asthma. And while acupressure and acupuncture are therapies that follow similar principles, we cannot conclude with certainty that acupressure will create the same effects shown in acupuncture research studies, according to Taw.

But Taw adds that there are few safety concerns for acupressure for asthma when it is done correctly, and may be worth trying for some despite the lack of evidence behind it. Acupressure is very safe, with minimal to no risk overall, Taw says.

But its always a good idea to check with your doctor before beginning acupressure or any other complementary treatment. You should be especially cautious with acupressure if youre pregnant, as stimulating certain pressure points such as the large intestine 4 (known as he gu) may induce labor and could cause harm, according to the UCLA Center for East-West Medicine.

Its possible to perform acupressure on yourself (the UCLA Center for East-West Medicine offers this handy guide to locating the various pressure points), but you may want to seek help from someone whos trained in this form of bodywork to better learn how to do it safely and effectively. Ask your doctor and people you trust for recommendations.

Studies have mostly focused on asthma and acupuncture, and so far, the research suggests that adding acupuncture into your asthma treatment plan may improve your quality of life, boost your immune system, and ease symptoms.

Unfortunately, the research on asthma and acupressure is lacking, so we cant know how effective it is. While acupressure and acupuncture are therapies along a similar continuum, we unfortunately cannot conclude that acupressure will also lower inflammatory mediators, improve quality of life, and reduce symptoms, Taw says.

That said, acupressure may help with symptoms, and there are very few safety concerns. But again, its a good idea to talk with your doctor or healthcare provider about adding any new complementary therapy whether acupuncture, acupressure, or another modality to your care.

If youve talked to your doctor and have decided its a good idea to try acupuncture or acupressure, find a practitioner you trust. Receiving acupuncture treatment in particular from an unqualified practitioner may result in complications, mainly through the use of nonsterile needles or improper delivery of treatments, according to theNational Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Though relatively few complications have been reported, improper delivery of acupuncture treatments can lead to serious health effects, including infections, punctured organs, collapsed lungs, and central nervous system damage.

Ask your doctor and trusted friends for referrals, or find a practitioner through the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine.

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Do Acupuncture and Acupressure Help With Asthma? - Everyday Health

Live stage productions seem to be leading the pack in the entertainment and cultural events field this weekend as we move into the middle of November.

Playhouses that have been preparing their season openers are ready to take them to the stage. Student actors at Florida Atlantic University will present their second production of the season, a 180-degree jump to comedy from the theater-of-mood wrought by Anton Chekov's Uncle Vanya, the troupe's season opener.Plus, the newly renovated Kravis Center in West Palm Beach will offer a Broadway phenomenon.

The Museum of Discovery and Science will deliver a nontheatrical package: an uplifting tale of animals saved from extinction.

Heres a closer look at whats happening this weekend:

Friday, November 15

Youre in luck if your Halloween mask hasnt been packed away for next year. Its time for another fabulous party to benefit Beyond Nine Cat Rescue. This time, the theme of the festivities is Masquerade Madness, and prizes will be awarded for the best mask. Your $20 donation at the door Friday night includes valet parking, a cocktail of your choice, dinner, and dessert. Therell be a lot of great stuff in raffles and a silent auction.Established in 2007, Beyond Nine Cat Rescue is a nonprofit, all-volunteer group dedicated to giving felines the opportunity to live safe, healthy, and happy lives. It has about 200 cats waiting for forever homes, so give adoption serious thought. 6:30 to 9:30 p.m. Friday, November 15, at Marriott Pompano Beach Resort & Spa, 1200 N. Ocean Blvd., Pompano Beach; beyondninecatrescue.org. Admission is a donation of $20 at the door.

Student thespians at Florida Atlantic University are set to stage a production that Bostonians would call "a wicked pissa." Urinetown, a play by Mark Hollmann and Greg Kotis, will run this Friday through next Sunday, November 24, at FAUs Studio One Theatre on the Boca Raton campus. Set during a catastrophic water shortage when the use of private toilets has been banned, this hysterical musical satire of corporate greed and political malfeasance has an unlikely hero: a man who needs to pee and refuses to pay for it. The winner of three Tony Awards, Urinetown is an outrageous, modern comedic romp. Make sure you visit the restroom before you take your seat. 7 p.m. Friday, November 15; 2 and 7 p.m. Saturday, November 16; and 2 p.m. Sunday, November 17, through Sunday, November 24, at FAU's Studio One, 777 Glades Rd., Boca Raton; 561-297-6124. Tickets cost $22 via fauevents.com.

Fiddler on the Roof runs through Sunday at the Kravis Center.

Photo by Joan Marcus

Not many plays earn the descriptor beloved. Fiddler on the Roof is among the few and it's a distinction well earned and enduring. The tale of hard-working families in a small Russian village circa 1905, with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and a book by Joseph Stein, is about to conclude its run at the revamped Kravis Center in West Palm Beach.Fiddler is based on Tevye and His Daughters, a series of stories written in Yiddish by Ukrainian writer Sholem Aleichem and first published in 1894. The musical centers on Tevye, the father of headstrong daughters seemingly bent on flouting his Jewish religious and cultural traditions. The classic production is rich with Broadway hits, including To Life (LChaim), If I Were a Rich Man, Sunrise, Sunset, Matchmaker, Matchmaker, and Tradition. The original Broadway show, which opened in 1964, was the first musical in history to surpass 3,000 performances. 8 p.m. Friday, November 15; 2 and 8 p.m. Saturday, November 16; and 2 p.m. Sunday, November 17, at the Kravis Center for the Performing Arts, 701 Okeechobee Blvd., West Palm Beach; 561-832-7469; kravis.org. Tickets start at $39.

Experience an unforgettable evening as South Floridas top female impersonators transform into legendary music stars. The show, Icons: The Art of Celebrity Illusion, brings Cher, Bette Midler, Barbra Streisand, Whitney Houston, Celine Dion, Judy Garland, and Liza Minelli together for one night only. Join host and drag superstar Nicole Halliwell for an hour of fabulousness, glamour, outrageous costumes, musical hits, and plenty of surprises. 8 p.m. Friday, November 15, at Mizner Park Cultural Center, 201 Plaza Rd., Boca Raton; 844-672-2849; miznerparkculturalcenter.com. Tickets cost $29.

The cast of Andy and the Orphans, a new comedy by Lindsey Ferrentino, opening Friday in Boca Raton.

Photo courtesy of Primal Forces

The theater troupePrimal Forces will open its sixth season this Friday (its second in Boca Raton) with a powerful and poignant comedy by Lindsey Ferrentino, Andy and the Orphans. The play, which debuted last year at New Yorks Roundabout Theatre, follows a Jewish family on a road trip that uncovers an old scandal and some shattering family secrets. I am honored to bring together such a distinguished ensemble cast for this production, director Keith Garsson says. Though the play is often hilarious, Garsson says it also "explores a real family drama and lays bare topics that are not as readily discussed." The plot involves a couple of unhinged siblings who, after their fathers death, reunite with Andy, their movie-loving brother neither has seen in years. Together they careen down the Long Island Expressway while navigating strip malls, traffic jams, and some serious and not-so-serious family drama. The cast includes Edward Barbanell, a longtime Coral Springs resident, who understudied his role in its original incarnation in New York City. 8 p.m. Friday, November 15, and Saturday, November 16, and 2 p.m. Sunday, November 17, through December 8 at Sol Theatre, 3333 N. Federal Hwy., Boca Raton. Tickets start at $40 via primalforces.com or 866-811-4111.

Saturday, November 16

The Distinguished Speaker Series at the Museum of Discovery and Science in Fort Lauderdale is back for its 2019 autumn season. Visitors of all ages are invited to learn from renowned researchers and scholars, who will educate, entertain, and inspire new ways of thinking about marine-related topics. This event will include an AutoNation IMAX 3D Theater screening Saturday of the critically acclaimed documentary Back From the Brink, which explores true stories of animals rescued from the edge of extinction. Several screenings are planned for Saturday, along with a distinguished speaker presentation at 2:30. 9 a.m. Saturday, November 16, at Museum of Discovery and Science, 401 SW Second St., Fort Lauderdale. Admission is free to museum members; nonmember tickets cost $16 to $19.

In an effort to face our nations growing health crisis, curb the opioid epidemic, and deal with mental health issues, Integrative Medicine US and Lost Legacy Martial Arts will host their second-annual Integrative Health Expo and Legacy Kung Fu Tournament this Saturday and Sunday. The goal is to engage the community in exercise, mindfulness, andlifestyle and dietary changes aspreventative healthcare. The free event will include classes forbeginners on tai chi, qi gong, yoga, boot camp fitness, break dancing, and stationary surfing, as well as exhibitors providing information about and treatments in acupuncture, chiropractic, massage, dentistry, CBD, and more. For details, visit integrativemedicine.us or lostlegacysystems.com. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday, November 16, and Sunday, November 17, at Coral Springs City Gym, 2501 Coral Springs Dr., Coral Springs. Admission free.

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The Seven Best Things to Do in South Florida This Weekend - New Times Broward-Palm Beach

Deepak Chopra is one of the most influential integrative medicine and meditation experts in the world. However, he wasnt always the epitome of calm. Early in his medical career, as a resident, Chopra turned to smoking and alcohol to combat the stress he was feeling. But noticing that these habits werent working, on an impulse, he decided to change the course of his life. I was very busy taking care of patients. I wanted them to feel better, but I couldnt give them any advice because of my own situation, he tells Thrive. So I decided to be the change I was seeking in others. I started getting good sleep, cultivating healthy emotions like compassion, joy, kindness, and peace, changed my diet to a more plant-based diverse diet, exercised, and started yoga.

This was over 50 years ago. Since then, Chopra has written over 85 books, founded The Chopra Foundation and Chopra Global, serves as a Clinical Professor of Medicine at the University of California in San Diego, and hosts the podcast Deepak Chopras Infinite Potential. TIME has described him as one of the top 100 heroes and icons of the century.

Chopra sits down with Thrive to discuss his latest book, Metahuman: Unleashing Your Infinite Potential, how you can be present anywhere, how to handle criticism, and his advice for managing your relationship with technology.

Thrive Global: What is your morning routine?

Deepak Chopra: I wake up anywhere between 4:00 to 6:00 in the morning, depending on what time I go to sleep, but I get eight hours of sleep every night. Then I do about two hours of a combination of meditation, reflection, breathing, yoga, and I set my intentions for the day, which are always the same joyful, energetic body, love and compassion in the heart, reflective alert mind, and lightness of being. Then, I just do what needs to be done.

TG: For someone who wants to start meditating, what are your tips to begin the practice?

DC: Meditation simply means going beyond the conditioned mind or thought. You can be in that state any moment by being fully aware of any experience, like attending to your breath, to a thought, to a sensation in the body, to an image in the mind, or to using a mantra. So if you want to be in that space right now, close your eyes and ask yourself, I wonder what my next thought is going to be. And there is silence. Thats meditation. You can be in that state all the time.

TG: Often, people are hesitant resistant, really to change. What advice would you give to someone to embrace change?

DC: I think one can be stuck in a rut and a routine because of the addiction to security. Actually, the addiction to security is the biggest cause of insecurity. We dont live in the past. The past is the known. We live in the present that actually creates the future. So if youre not present to experience right now if youre not enjoying experience right this moment, because youre constantly thinking of the future then when the future arrives, even the future that you want, you wont be present for it. The key to actually creating a more meaningful life, a life of purpose, and ultimately a life of success, is to know that we live, breathe, and move in the unknown. Take a risk, otherwise youll be a victim of the past. If you want to be a pioneer of the future, take a little risk.

TG: You have written over 90 books, which is remarkable. What inspires you to come up with new material and new ways of sharing your experience?

DC: My training. Im a physician. My career has evolved from being an internist to being an endocrinologist to a neuroendocrinologist, to somebody interested in mind-body medicine, which then evolved to integrative medicine. Now, Im going a little bit beyond that, into a deeper understanding of what is fundamental reality. We think that reality is this body, this mind, and this world, but actually, theres a more fundamental reality beyond the conditioned mind. I am obsessed with what the wisdom traditions call higher states of consciousness. So every book that I write is actually just a little step further than the previous book, because I think of evolution as a spiral staircase. When I write books, I dont actually think about who Im writing for, or who the exact audience is. Im sharing my own evolution as it has occurred over the last 50 years.

TG: Are there any principles that have really remained steadfast from book one to book 90?

DC: The main principle that has stood through the whole range of books that Ive written, numbers one through 90, is healing. The word healing comes from the word wholeness, which means all-inclusive mind, body, spirit, environment, personal relationships, social interactions, work, well-being, social well-being, community well-being, financial well-being, physical well-being, emotional well-being, and spiritual well-being. Theres a lot to cover, but it all has to do with healing.

TG: With so many distractions around, whats the best way to quiet the noise?

DC: You can quiet your internal dialogue just by being present in the moment to any sensory experience. Right now, even with your eyes open, just be aware of sound, without labeling it, or be aware of your breath, or be aware of the sensations in your body, or simply ask yourself, Am I present? We are distracted by experience without ever being aware of who or what is having the experience.

TG: What is your relationship with technology?

DC: I believe technology is neutral. Technology can destroy the world, but technology today can also help us in rewiring. The internet is the global brain. Everything about the human condition is there. When we personally evolve in the direction of joy, empathy, and compassion, and we share our spiritual practice with others, then we create a sangha. A sangha is a community. Today, with technology, I personally have a sangha, or a community, of 15 million people and its growing. If we keep doing that, then technology becomes a divine tool to create joy and healing. You use technology, dont allow it to use you. Its that simple.

TG: How do you handle criticism?

DC: Social media is a reflection of who we are, collectively, just like the world is a mirror of who we are collectively. So if you really want to make a difference in the world, then you have to be independent of both the criticism and the flattery you get from people who engage with you. If somebody flatters me, I just acknowledge them with a thank you, but internally, it doesnt make a difference. If somebody criticizes me, sometimes I also acknowledge them with a thank you, but internally Im independent of both. If youre dependent on other peoples opinions of yourself, then be prepared to be offended for the rest of your life.

TG: What is your evening routine?

DC: I stop working at around 5:00. I engage with friends and family for a little bit. Usually I also go for a little walk, eat a very light meal before sunset, and ideally go to bed before 10:00 in a totally dark room with total silence and no technology.

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Deepak Chopra On Finding Calm Anywhere You Are - Thrive Global

Deepak Chopra, Special to SFGate

By Deepak Chopra, MD

It would be ideal if reality and our model of reality merged into the same thing. A model of reality explains how the universe was created and how it operates. You might think that this is a definition of reality itself, but it isnt, which can be illustrated by looking at the most popular model, known as nave realism.

In a nutshell, nave realism says that what you see is what you get. In other words, the reality presented by the five senses is reliable. Such a view appeals to common sense. It rests on experiences we take for granted. There is a physical world out there separate from our subjective experience in here. The physical world predates human beings by 13.8 billion years, going back to the Big Bang. If both of those things are true, then obviously what we think, feel, and desire in here has no effect on reality out there.

As unimaginably sophisticated as modern science has become, most scientists accept nave realism, usually without question, even though each of the common-sense facts just mentioned is known to be false.

Leave aside the obvious ways we cannot trust our five senses, which tell us mistakenly that the sun rises in the East, that a thunderclap happens after a flash of lightning, and that there could be no such things as small as bacteria and viruses, since they are invisible to our eyesight. Nave realism is wrong at a much deeper level, which has been grappled with by the most eminent physicists. It is wrong about mind; it cannot connect mind and brain; it has nothing to tell us about the origins of space, time, matter, and energy it is contradicted by the strange behavior of the quantum field; and it has no chance of linking the microscopic world with the macroscopic worldin other words, the so-called building blocks of reality live in a separate, totally closed-off domain from everyday reality.

These multiple failures are widely known among physicists but just as widely ignored. A great deal of science and most of technology can advance without a theoretical model of reality. Before he died Stephen Hawking published a book, The Grand Design, in which he conceded the high probability that scientific models will not succeed in matching the reality they are supposed to describe.

If science rolls along without a viable model of reality, that lack isnt incidental. We celebrate Galileo, Copernicus, Newton, and Einstein for getting something right, not simply for issuing metaphysical suppositions. So it is important to get things right now. If the present model of reality is, in fact, an abstruse collection of mathematical formulas suspended in a theoretical mathematical space, clearly something is amiss. In medieval times the world had to conform to divine law; now it must conform to mathematical law, yet the fallacy remains the same.

There is a way out. First, we acknowledge a simple truth: Models are right about what they include and wrong about what they exclude. Nave realism is dead wrong about consciousness because it excludes mind in favor of physical explanations. Secondly, we must accept that reality cannot be modeled. The whole enterprise of reducing the physical world into tinier and tinier building blocks has reached its useful limit. Leading theorists suggest that quarks and superstrings might not actually exist. More to the point, we live with space, time, matter, and energy and yet have no origins story for where any of them came from.

Without a model, whats left? Still standing is the one thing that permeates reality, brings the five senses to life, allows thoughts to arise in our heads, gives the world color and form, and tells us that we are alive: consciousness. The very thing that nave realism leaves out is the thing that holds all the answers.

There was a lamentable decline after the earliest decades of the quantum revolution, when all the greatest physicists tackled the problem of mind. In place of great thinkers physics turned to number crunching and atom smashing, which remains its chief occupation, now on a billion-dollar scale. There were exceptions like John von Neumann, John Archibald Wheeler, and David Bohm, who continued the search for a link between mind and matter.

Respected but sidelined in favor of bigger particle accelerators and telescopes, all of these thinkers now enjoy a latter-day revenge, so to speak. Having exhausted the models of reality that discounted and ignored consciousness, forward-looking physicists now realize that mind must be accounted for, which seems like a simple realization except that it was clouded behind a screen, the biggest factor being nave realism. Satisfied with the common-sense view of reality in their everyday life, physicists were happy to think of mind as not my job.

A huge hurdle remains, however, which is the enormous seduction of physical explanations. What is science without them? What is life if we get rid of relying on the five senses? These arent rhetorical questions. Life would be transformed if we abandoned the lure of the physical world and the mistaken data of the five senses. The human mind is uniquely able to go beyond appearances, and when we do, the destination is always consciousness. Theres no need to call it higher consciousness. A better term is total consciousness, the ground state of everything in existence.

Account for consciousness and you explain everything. No models are needed. The everyday mind is the arena of consciousness. Stick with it, experience it deeply, and be self-aware. Only then will reality be fully comprehended, absent any model at all.

DEEPAK CHOPRA MD, FACP, founder of The Chopra Foundation, a non-profit entity for research on well-being and humanitarianism, and Chopra Global, a modern-day health company at the intersection of science and spirituality, is a world-renowned pioneer in integrative medicine and personal transformation. He is a Clinical Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health at the University of California, San Diego. Chopra is the author of over 89 books translated into over forty-three languages, including numerous New York Times bestsellers. His 90th book and national bestseller, Metahuman: Unleashing Your Infinite Potential (Harmony Books), unlocks the secrets to moving beyond our present limitations to access a field of infinite possibilities. TIME magazine has described Dr. Chopra as one of the top 100 heroes and icons of the century.

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The Most Popular Model of Reality Is Wrong - SFGate

Mayor Chris Cheshire

For the second year in a row, former mayor Chris Bell voted against having Chris Cheshire lead the City Commission.

Cheshire was selected by the majority of his fellow commissioners on Thursday night to serve a fourth year as the citys mayor. Vice Mayor John Gunter, who has been on the commission for 25 years, also was reappointed and said he was honored to serve because it might be his last term on the commission.

Bell, who also has served on the commission for 25 years and was a longtime mayor until redistricting took place in 2014 because of the expansion of The Villages into the city, said he voted against Cheshire again this year because the commissioners are supposed to take turns serving as mayor.

Its nothing against our current mayor, Bell said. I talked to quite a few people and assured them that the mayor was going to be selected on a rotating basis. So sooner or later, their district would actually be represented by the mayor.

For his part, Cheshire said hes honored to serve a fourth year as mayor and will continue to push for continued growth, commercial expansion and lower taxes. He said he believes there are plenty of opportunities ahead for the city, which can prosper with the correct kind of growth.

Im happy to continue serving the citizens of Fruitland Park and continue the way the city has been running, Cheshire said. Hopefully, were going to catch up with the growth and keep going. Its a good streak and I want to make sure it continues.

Cheshire is a longtime advocate of transparency in government and has been at the helm of the commission as it put the citys checkered past behind it. Those past issues included costly lawsuits, accusations of corruption and police officers with alleged ties to the Ku Klux Klan, among other things.

The city is looked upon a lot more highly than it was five, eight years ago, said Cheshire, who was first elected in 2012. For the police department, for the fire department and for the city in general, the level of respect is just much higher.

Cheshire, a doctor of Oriental Medicine who owns Mulberry Integrative Medicine and Faeve Plant Therapies in The Villages along with his wife, Meredith, also led the commission through tumultuous budget hearings in 2018 that saw large crowds of Villagers raise issues about how the city was spending money, especially when it came to the millage rate and the budget for the new library. At two different meetings in September 2018, Cheshire spent quite a bit of time educating the audience on the citys budget and why decisions were being made.

This past July, Cheshire oversaw the grand opening of the $3 million, 12,000-square-foot library as a large crowd gathered for the official ribbon-cutting ceremony. He said that having such an outstanding library facility would make the city an even more desirable choice for families moving to the area. And he expressed thanks to everyone who came out to welcome the new library to the city.

As vice mayor in December 2014, Cheshire unveiled an aggressive agenda for the coming year in a speech that took some commissioners by surprise. In that meeting, he made it clear that his priorities would center on the County Road 466A corridor, the citys inadequate sewer treatment system, upgrading the volunteer fire department to professional status, improving public works, making changes in the police department as it geared up to provide protection in The Villages portion of the city, upgrading recreation facilities and programs to attract more working families and improving the citys code enforcement efforts.

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Ex-mayor votes against Cheshire's reappointment as mayor of Fruitland Park - Villages-News

MINNEAPOLIS--(BUSINESS WIRE)--For Hennepin Healthcare, breaking ground on the Redleaf Center for Family Healing means healing and hope are just ahead for Twin Cities' moms, babies and families.

About 1 in 7 mothers experience depression and anxiety during and after pregnancy, according to Dr. Helen Kim, medical director for the Mother-Baby Program and co-founder of the Redleaf Center. Without treatment, the impact on a mothers mental health can be devastating and sometimes fatal. It can affect the entire family including future generations.

The Redleaf Center will expand on the space and services of Hennepin Healthcares Mother-Baby Program. The program is Minnesotas first intensive mental health program for pregnant and postpartum moms.

The Redleaf Center will support families through services that nurture the mind, body and spirit from comprehensive mental health and relationship support to on-site childcare, integrative medicine, a teaching kitchen, gathering space and more.

When a new mother is dealing with severe depression or anxiety at this critical time in her babys physical, emotional and cognitive development she may be unable to provide the care and attention her infant needs, said Kim. Thats why the Redleaf Center is so vital for childrens and families' well-being.

Todays groundbreaking ceremony drew leaders from health care, the community and local government, including Hennepin County Commissioner Marion Greene, District 3. Families who have benefited from the Mother-Baby Program also attended the ceremony.

The Center is a $30 million endeavor initiated by a $10 million donation from the Lynne & Andrew Redleaf Foundation. The ceremony took a moment to publicly announce a new gift of $2.25 million from the Pohlad family. Allie Pohlad, a member of the Pohlad family was in attendance.

The Redleaf Center is at the heart of Hennepin Healthcares investment in the health of our community, and it is only possible because of our donors' transformational gifts, said Theresa Pesch, president of Hennepin Healthcare Foundation.

Their compassionate and visionary philanthropy means that more moms across the Twin Cities will get the support they need to raise strong families. And we all know that strong families are the bedrock of strong communities.

The groundbreaking took place on Hennepin Healthcares Minneapolis campus, at the future site of the new 9,000-square-foot facility. It will be connected to Hennepin Healthcares HCMC Purple Building on the corner of Chicago Avenue and Sixth Street.

We see all kinds of moms from across the Twin Cities struggling to cope, added Kim. Treatment and care make a dramatic difference in the way they are able to connect with and care for their infants and themselves. It is absolutely lifechanging, said Kim. And soon we will be able to help many more families grow stronger together with the service and treatments they need.

Redleaf Center building construction is expected to be completed in November of 2020.

About Hennepin Healthcare FoundationThe Hennepin Healthcare Foundation guides those in the community who wish to support the mission of Hennepin Healthcare to provide outstanding care for everyone, while improving health and wellness through teaching, patient and community education, and research.

About Hennepin HealthcareHennepin Healthcare is an integrated system of care that includes HCMC, a nationally recognized Level I Adult Trauma Center and Level I Pediatric Trauma Center and acute care hospital, as well as a clinic system with primary care clinics located in Minneapolis and across Hennepin County.

IMAGES/RENDERINGS/B-ROLL at hcmcnews.org

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Hennepin Healthcare Breaks Ground on Healing Center for Expectant and New Moms with Depression, Anxiety - Business Wire

Three scientists, along with their colleagues, seem to have made a pioneering discovery able to change the very definition of life expectancy and the concept of age. No, they didn't devise an elixir able to turn humanity into immortal Elves butthey did finda super-strong presence of a very rare kind of T-helper (immune) cells in the blood of people known as 'supercentenarians' (aged 110 and up). It appears very likely that the secret of those folks' longevity lies in the shield these shells form against cancer, viruses and the like, keeping their owners in excellent health their whole lives

The authors of the research Nobuyoshi Hirose (Centre for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo),Kosuke HashimotoandPiero Carninci (both of Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences) wrote toLive Science:'The key will be to understand what is their [these cells'] natural target which may help to reveal what is needed for a healthy, long life.'

The person officially recognized to have lived the longest was FrenchwomanJeanne Calment who passed away in 1997, aged 122.

The census held in Japanin 2015 registered 61,763 of 100-plus-year-old citizens, with only 146 of them having hit 110. In 2018, average life expectancy in the country was 81 year for men and 87, for women.

Hirose, Hashimoto and Carninciused full blood tests from seven supercentenarians, as well as test subjects aged from 50s to 80s, separating immune cells, and, with the help of the single-cell transcriptomics method, monitored the activity of each and every single immune cell, 'reading' the messenger RNA that hundreds of thousands genes created inside each cell, taking DNA's genetic instructions to the cell,where proteins form.

All in all, they got over 41,000 supercentenarian immune cells, and 20,000 from the other five.

According to the researchers, what made supercentenarian immune cells different is that they independently could attack and kill other cells.

The scientists emphasized that this was a very rare sort of cell, admitting to their own surprise. Normally, T helpers give orders to other immune cells, rather than fight. However, these T-helper cells, the CD4 CTLs, are cytotoxic, which means they can, and do, deal with enemies directly.

Interestingly, the group of 50-80 y.o.'s had a much lower concentration (2.8%) of such cells.

Compare to the 25% of super militant cells in supercentenarians - and you will understand why the report published on November 12 in Proceedings (the National Academy of Sciences journal) is sensational.

Does this mean that now scientists can just go ahead and mix up an elixir that will - if not make us ultimately immortal, then, at least - prolong our lives by decades? No. Not yet.

It's a big goal, and big goals need to start small. The researchers have already tried experiments on mice, and seen cytotoxic T cells go for viruses and cancers. Will they be able to observe the same in people?

The collaborators admit they hold their hopes high for learning all about why some people live past 110.

They say the answer may be 'some cancer antigens or some virus protein, but these are all speculations right now.'

The work is in progress. Let's just do our best to stay healthy and wait for the further, hopefully even more baffling, results of this promising research.

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Scientists Have the Key to Living Past 110, and They Aren't Letting it Slip - Asgardia Space News

As the official medical partner of the Chicago Red Stars for the last five seasons, IBJI has become more than just a supporter--we have developed a very close and integrated relationship with the team.

"With every win and loss the Red Stars encounter, IBJI is there by their side through the highs and lows," stated Matt Repa, IBJI Sports Medicine Business Development. "But this year was really something special, the teamwork and energy they've shown throughout the finals is a testament to the high level of commitment and dedication these athletes have."

Just as winning teams are developed over the course of many seasons, in 2019, IBJI expanded the care services offered to the Red Stars to strengthen and promote a playoff-ready lineup. Our goal, throughout the season, was to support the team in all areas and be a comprehensive sports medicine provider. The strength of IBJI lies in the "total package," which is a group of seven, led by medical director Roger Chams, MD, a board-certified orthopedic surgeon; primary care sports medicine physician Angelo Savino, MD; physician assistant Molly Uyenishi, PA-C, MSMS; sports neurologist Anthony Savino, MD; head physical therapist Bria Wanzung, PT, DPT, ATC; high performance director Megan Young, PhDc, CSCS, USA-SPC, and head athletic trainer Megan Blackburn, ATC.

High performance director Megan Young, PhDc, CSCS, USA-SP, joined the group this year to contribute her expertise in strength and conditioning.

"In my first year with the club, it was a privilege to provide data-driven context around training and match demand for the coaching staff and individual athletes. Working on the performance side with some of the most elite footballers in the world; to assist and support them in physical training and development was a joy. These players, staff and club have a passion for the game and bringing home championships," Young said in regards to working with the Red Stars.

Medical director Roger Chams, MD, said, "It has been an honor and a privilege to take care of such incredible, dedicated athletes and phenomenal women role models. [The team] definitely put up a great fight! I am proud of everyone."

Integrative care and collaborative partnerships are important for any team to be successful. In IBJI's position, we have collaborative care, top to bottom. The players don't have to go out to different resources for everything--they have it all in-house. That allows the athlete to feel secure in communication and the collaboration of care.

General Manager of IBJI's Health Performance Institute, Cory Leman, MS, CSCS, states, "We've worked diligently to develop a model that not only improves athlete performance but also strives to reduce and treat injuries with cutting edge science. We take pride in helping to produce not only powerful athletes, but athletes that are marked by longevity and health."

We look forward to assisting in the health and training for the Chicago Red Stars, so that they can come back even stronger next season! IBJI also thanks Sam Kerr for her contributions to the team. We wish her the best of luck in her future endeavors! Learn more about our sponsorship with the Chicago Red Stars at ibji.com.

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IBJI Stands by Chicago Red Stars Through Their First Championship Game and Wishes Sam Kerr Luck - Chicago Daily Herald

Yoga will eventually improve your flexibility, but you need to do it frequently to make a differenceGETTY IMAGES

1. Strengthen rather than stretch musclesPhysiotherapists say there are better things than stretching to improve muscle flexibility. Im not a huge fan of stretching, says Tom Goom, a physiotherapist and spokesman for the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Its actually not massively effective for lasting improvements in flexibility.

A far better route to better flexibility is through eccentric loading, or strengthening muscles when they are in a lengthened position and against a resistance, which often means using weights. Think of your muscles as a spring that needs to be able to store and release energy to move efficiently, Goom says. To do this muscles need a certain amount of stiffness and while prolonged stretching will temporarily increase the length of a muscle, its not a lasting

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Three ways to get more flexible | Times2 - The Times

Homemade sweets: Sugar is definitely bad for your health. But there's always scope for portion control and moderation. Diabetes, obesity, inflammation and high cholesterol are all conditions caused by a multiple factors, and not just sugar intake. Even if you want to lose weight, a little sugar in your diet will not harm your health. This stands true for diabetics as well.Highlighting the same is lifestyle coach Luke Coutinho on Facebook. In his live video, he talks about homemade Indian sweets as compared to commercially prepared sweets and desserts, and why the former is a clear winner.

Celebrity nutritionist Rujuta Diwekar is of the belief that you should eat homemade traditional sweets, especially during festivals. It is a way to bring families together and should be looked at as an opportunity to share culture with the younger generation. Laddoos, barfis, chikki, and multiple other sweets can be prepared at home with wholesome and nourishing ingredients that are not going to affect your weight or your health.

It is better to have homemade sweets rather than chocolates or fancy dessertsPhoto Credit: iStock

When you cook sweets, or any other food at home, it gives you complete control over what you are going to put in it. Ghee, jaggery, besan, nuts, sesame seeds, cardamom, cinnamon and a variety of other spices go in making Indian sweets. We have discussed health benefits of these ingredients at length previously.

Also read:People With Diabetes, Sugarcane Juice Can Be Your Best Friend: Here's Why

In one of her recent posts featuring kada prasad on the occasion of Gurupurab 2019, Rujuta informs that going gluten-free can increase risk of chronic inflammation, type-2 diabetes with obesity. Well, these aren't these the exact same condition you avoided gluten in the first place?

Kada Prasad on #GuruPurab If we go by the food and weight loss industry, Kada Prasad shouldn't exist. At various points in your life you must have come across the gluten-free, dairy-free, low-fat and sugar is poison trends. The food industry was always ready with alternatives though, profits over people is their motto after all. But Kada Prasad is still here and will continue to always be. Just like Guru Nanak and the essence of his teachings staying strong and true to your beliefs against all odds and leading a label-free life. Science as usual has come around, it may be a few steps behind common sense and time tested wisdom, but it always catches up. This is what we know in 2019 - - going gluten-free led to increased risk to chronic inflammation, type-2 Diabetes along with obesity (diabesity), the exact same conditions for which you avoided it in the first place. - avoiding ghee led to an epidemic of Vitamin D deficiency amongst many other issues. - avoiding sugar made from cane led to increased consumption of artificial sweeteners and the associated illnesses. Hopefully, we will listen to our inner voice, give up looking for health in packets, hashtags and labels and embrace a life of eating and cooking according to the region, season and tradition. #GuruNanakJayanti #Kadaprasad

A post shared by Rujuta Diwekar (@rujuta.diwekar) on Nov 12, 2019 at 3:35am PST

She goes on to add that removing ghee from your diet can lead to Vitamin D deficiency. Ghee contains fats that are essential for fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. Assimilation of these vitamins in the body happen only in the presence of good fats in ghee, coconut oil, olive oil, etc.

Ghee includes fats that can promote assimilation of Vitamins A, D, E and KPhoto Credit: iStock

Also read:The Truth About Fats And Why They Are Extremely Important For You

Furthermore, if you go completely off sugar, then it can increase cravings and make you switch to artificial sweeteners-which come with their share of side effects and health risks.

The idea is to understand the importance of eating according to your location, culture and tradition for a healthy weight, blood sugar levels, digestion and much more.

Thus, you can have homemade sweets made with natural ingredients used in the right quantity, while practice portion control. This is including diabetes patients, people who are obese and those looking forward to lose weight.

If you are having commercially prepared sweets, chocolates and desserts, make sure they are prepared with minimum ingredients, suggests Luke.

Also read:Attention Diabetics! These Superfoods Are A Must For You To Control Your Blood Sugars Easily And Effectively

(Luke Coutinho, Holistic Lifestyle Coach - Integrative Medicine)

(Rujuta Diwekar is a nutritionist based in Mumbai)

Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.

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Original post:
Homemade Sweets: Here's Why You Must Eat Them Without Worrying About Weight Gain Or Diabetes - NDTV News

Gene therapy is an emerging field and industry is yet to work out how best to manufacture these life-saving products says expert. Interest in gene therapy is growing, says Andrew Powaleny, public affairs director at the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA).

As of December 2018, the last time we did our analysis, there were 289 cell and gene therapies in development either in clinical trials or awaiting FDA approval, he adds.

And the interest is understandable. Gene therapies let doctors treat the root causes of disease, potentially curing patients. Also judging by products like Zynteglo and Zolgensma, which cost $1.7m and $2.1m, respectively, gene therapies will generate significant revenue for firms able to commercialize them successfully.

But manufacturing a gene therapy remains a complex technical challenge. Just ask Zynteglo developer, Bluebird Bio.

Zynteglo is designed to treat patients with transfusion-dependent -thalassemia (TDT). Development has not always been smooth. For example, in 2017 Bluebird announced it had made manufacturing process improvements for Zynteglo after the product disappointed in an earlier trial. However, in June this year it appeared Bluebird had turned things around when the EMA granted Zynteglo conditional clearance. But, in the approval presentation Bluebird announced it would not be able to launch the product until 2020.

Bluebird explained the delay was to allow it to work with the EMA to finalize commercial drug product specifications and manufacturing parameters. The situation changed again last month. The EMA accepted refined commercial drug product manufacturing specifications for Zynteglo. And Bluebird now expects the therapy to launch this year.

Similarly, Novartis, owner of the spinal muscular atrophy therapy Zolgensma, has encountered manufacturing issues. In October the firm said the EMA and Japans PMDA had extended their assessments of Zolgensma and asked for more CMC information.

Bluebird and Novartis travails are the high-profile examples, but the wider gene therapy sector faces manufacturing challenges according to Ashleigh Wake, laboratory director, Intertek Pharma Services Manchester.

Given the newness of medicines of this type there is limited historic information available on which to build strategy and as such adds extra uncertainty to any regulatory submission, says Wake. When considering how to build an effective CMC for a gene therapy IND, selection of critical assays will depend on the specific product but may include assays for concentration, purity such as determination of residual cellular DNA or empty viral particles, identity, activity, potency and stability.

Understanding which tests are critical to determining product quality is a key part of winning approval, continues Wake. From a regulatory perspective, an understanding of the critical quality attributes (CQAs) which impact product safety, purity, and potency are required. For gene therapy products this means developing and validating analytical assays to assess, vector productivity, vector purity, biological activity and safety.

With this in mind Intertek recently announced plans to expand its service center in Manchester in the UK.

Our expansion in laboratory footprint and recruitment of specialists in gene therapy analytics coupled with our integrated approach to analytical method lifecycle will mean we can develop methods which are best suited for the intended use at the various clinical stages on the way to commercialization, he points out.

The challenges will keep coming, according to Wake. She says therapies that use viral vectors will increase demand for quality control expertise and analytical technology.The inherent complexity of viral vector-based products makes physical and biological characterization highly challenging, she explains, citing the ability to differentiate between full capsids and empty ones as an example. In order to provide a complete quality control package, a range of analytical methods and technology are required, which incorporate instrumentation such as cryoelectron microscopy, qPCR or DDPCR which are not commonly associated with pharmaceutical quality control, in addition to techniques such as HPLC or analytical ultracentrifugation.

See more here:
Gene Therapy Production and Quality Control - Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News

NEW YORK, Nov. 18, 2019 /PRNewswire/ --

The global cell and gene therapy market is growing at a CAGR of over 24% during the forecast period 20182024.

Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05827567/?utm_source=PRN

The major drivers contributing to the growth of the global cell and gene therapy market are the growing incidence of several chronic and terminal diseases, including cancer, the launch of new products, the increasing availability in clinical evidences of these products in terms of safety and efficacy, the rapid adoption of CAR T-cell therapy, favorable regulatory support in the development of these treatment, and improved manufacturing expertise in these products.

The following factors are likely to contribute to the growth of the cell and gene therapy market during the forecast period: Increased Pool of Patient Population with Several Ailments Favorable Regulatory Support and Increasing Special Designations for Cell and Gene Therapy Products Growing Demand for CAR T-cell Therapy Products Increasing Strategic Acquisition Activities

The study considers the present scenario of the cell and gene therapy market and its market dynamics for the period 2018?2024. It covers a detailed overview of several market growth enablers, restraints, and trends. The study covers both the demand and supply aspects of the market. The report profiles and examines leading companies and other prominent companies operating in the market.

Cell and Gene Therapy Market: Segmentation

This research report includes detailed market segmentation by product, application, end-user, and geography. The global cell therapy market is growing at a steady rate, and this trend is expected to continue during the forecast period due to the increased patient base with a wide range of diseases/ailments. The segment is likely to witness upward growth on account of expanded expertise in the manufacturing of stem cell-based products.

The gene therapy segment is expected to witness faster growth as the penetration of these products is increasing at a significant rate, especially in developed economies. The market is expected to grow during the forecast period due to the increased patient base for the existing gene remedy products, expected the launch of other gene therapy-based products for several indications, and expanded indication approvals for existing commercially available products.

The oncology segment accounts for the highest share of the global market. The growth of the oncology segment is increasing at a fast rate on account of the growing prevalence of several types of cancers. Currently, the available products not only modify the disease but also improve the quality of the patient's life, thereby decreasing the mortality rate. The market in the dermatology segment is increasing at a steady rate. This segment owns its growth to the increasing incidence and prevalence rate of several types of wounds, which are difficult to treat under normal conditions and the launch of innovative products. The dermatology segment is likely to showcase growth due to the high product availability of wound care products in the market.Hospitals are the leading end-user segment. The segment is growing mainly due to the increasing incidence/prevalence of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic wound on account of diabetes feet, pressure ulcers, and other injuries.

Market Segmentation by Products Cell Therapy Gene TherapyMarket Segmentation by Distribution Channel Type Oncology Dermatology Musculoskeletal OthersMarket Segmentation by End-users Hospitals Wound Care Centers Cancer Care Centers Ambulatory Surgical Centers Others

Geographical Insights

The US market dominates the cell and gene therapy market in North America due to the high prevalence of chronic diseases and other conditions, which require these treatment methods. There is also comparably high utilization and wide accessibility of these therapies. The oncology segment is likely to witness significant growth in North America.The market in Europe is expected to witness upward growth in the near future on account of the growing prevalence of chronic diseases and rising elderly population. In Europe, cell and gene therapy products are considered to be part of the Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs), which are commonly known as regenerative medicine globally.

Market Segmentation by Geography North Americao USo Canada APACo Japano Chinao South Koreao Australia Europeo Germanyo Franceo UKo Spaino Italy Latin Americao Brazilo Mexico MEAo Turkeyo Saudi Arabiao UAE

Key Vendor AnalysisThe global market is characterized by the presence of a few global, large-scale companies and several small to medium-scale companies offering one or two cell and gene therapy products. Global players are majorly offering innovative products with the potential of disease-modifying characteristics that are generating significant revenues, especially in Europe and US regions. Most innovative and breakthrough products are approved in the European countries and the US. Vendors are targeting mostly developed economies such as the US, Germany, France, the UK, Spain, and Japan as the uptake of these products is higher in these countries than low and middle-income countries. However, the market in these regions is at the nascent stage.

Key Vendors Gilead Sciences Spark Therapeutics Novartis AG Organogenesis Amgen Osiris Therapeutics Dendreon Vericel

Other Prominent Vendors Anterogen Tego Sciences Japan Tissue Engineering JCR Pharmaceuticals Medipost MolMed AVITA Medical CollPlant Corestem Biosolution Stempeutics Research Orchard Therapeutics Takeda Pharmaceutical Company CHIESI Farmaceutici CO.DON AnGes GC Pharma JW CreaGene APAC Biotech Nipro Corp. Terumo Orthocell bluebird bio

Key Market InsightsThe report provides the following insights into the market for the forecast period 20192024. Offers sizing and growth prospects of the market for the forecast period 20192024. Provides comprehensive insights on the latest industry trends, forecast, and growth drivers in the market. Includes a detailed analysis of growth drivers, challenges, and investment opportunities. Delivers a complete overview of segments and the regional outlook of the market. Offers an exhaustive summary of the vendor landscape, competitive analysis, and key strategies to gain a competitive advantage.

Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05827567/?utm_source=PRN

About Reportlinker ReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

__________________________ Contact Clare: clare@reportlinker.com US: (339)-368-6001 Intl: +1 339-368-6001

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The global cell and gene therapy market is growing at a CAGR of over 24% during the forecast period 2018-2024 - Yahoo Finance