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Professors Dalton Conley (left) and Shirley Tilghman (right), who were named AAAS fellows

Dalton Conley and Shirley Tilghman have been named 2019 fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for their scholarship in the fields of sociology and molecular biology, respectively.

AAAS is a non-profit organization that seeks to promote scientific cooperation, integrity, education, and policy. Founded in 1848, it is now the worlds largest general scientific society with over 120,000 members. The association is also responsible for publishing the well-established journal Science.

AAAS Fellows, elected annually, are chosen based on their achievements in a variety of aspects of science. Sections include, but are not limited to, Chemistry, Agriculture, Food, and Renewable Resources, Anthropology, Education, History and Philosophy of Science, Linguistic and Language Sciences, and Biological Sciences. The position is honorific, inducting scholars into the community but not requiring active participation.

The fellowship is a lifetime honor. Last year, University professors Rebecca Burdine and Elke Weber were appointed to the position. 37 members of Princetons faculty currently hold AAAS fellowships.

Conley, the Henry Putnam University Professor of Sociology, is recognized by AAAS in the Section on Social, Economic, and Political Sciences. At the University, he is also a faculty affiliate at the Office of Population Research and the Center for Health and Wellbeing. He currently teaches a year-long class on how to conduct quantitative research studies to answer sociological questions, as well as a biosociology class. His research focuses on the intersection between genetics and social science.

What are the relative contributions of nature and nurture to who we become, and how do the biologically hardwired aspects of ourselves play out in the world and depend on the world? Conley stated as the broad questions that drive his research.

With degrees in both sociology and biology, Conley uses empirical studies which rely on naturally produced factors, or natural experiments, combined with new genomic tools to answer sociological questions. His recent work concerns genetic differences between siblings and their impact on social relationships within families.

Tilghman is the President of the University, Emeritus, and professor of molecular biology and public affairs. Her research focus is mammalian developmental biology and science policy. After serving as President from 20012013, she returned to the faculty and now advises juniors and seniors on independent work. The AAAS fellowship recognizes her distinguished contributions in molecular biology as well as her esteemed leadership of the University.

Probably the most exciting aspect of this is to be selected along with [Tilghman], who I and so many others at Princeton have so much admiration for for her research, teaching, and leadership, Conley said. That was the coolest part, to be grouped in with her.

Conley and Tilghman will be honored in Seattle on Feb. 15 during the AAAS annual meeting, and in the Nov. 28 issue of Science.

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U. professors Conley and Tilghman recognized as AAAS Fellows - The Daily Princetonian

Elena Kuzmin

A postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Prof. Morag Park at the Goodman Cancer Research Centre (GCRC), Elena Kuzmins work has been garnering a fair amount of recognition recently. After having received a Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research back in May, Kuzmin was selected to be a Fellow of the Global Future Council on Biotechnology, World Economic Forum.

Most recently, on November 25, she was honoured with the Women in Science Research Excellence Fellowship, LOral Canada with the support of the Canadian Commission for UNESCO.

It is an honour to be the recipient of these fellowships in recognition of my work, says Kuzmin. This funding enables me to build networks by supporting my attendance to national and international conferences, where I can present my research and discuss the findings with peers and leaders in the field. Most importantly, it has enabled me to receive an unmatched training opportunity at McGill, to make a significant contribution to our understanding of cancer biology and hopefully to establish a well-rounded research program of my own studying complex genetic interaction networks in yeast and human cells.

The LOral Canada fellowships are meant to enhance the role of women in devising scientific solutions to problems confronting humankind in the 21st century. The purpose of this program is to support major research projects undertaken by Canadian scientists at the post-doctoral level in Canada.

The Global Future Council on Biotechnology is the worlds foremost knowledge network dedicated to promoting innovative thinking on the future and aims to launch initiatives capable of accelerating new medical biotechnological discoveries, diagnostics and therapeutics. The council consists of 20-25 members, including industry leaders, government officials and academic researchers, such as postdoctoral fellowsand faculty members from around the world.

Elena is at the forefront of applying complex genetic approaches to understand breast cancer interaction and progression, notes Park, who is also the Director of the GCRC. She is a role model for young women in science.

Kuzmin completed her Honours BSc with High Distinction in Human Biology and Zoology and her MSc in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology at the SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto. She then went on to do her PhD in the Department of Molecular Genetics at the University of Toronto with Profs. Charles Boone and Brenda Andrews, where she studied complex genetic interaction networks in the budding yeast.

In her current work, Kuzmin is applying the principles of complex genetic interactions to address a current challenge in human disease the onset and progression of triple negative breast cancer. This subset of breast cancer has no targeted therapies, since it lacks 3 common biomarkers such as estrogen and progesterone receptors and Her2, and has the worst survival rates. The aim of her project is to use single-cell genomic and transcriptomic sequencing technologies combined with genetic screens to gain insight into the evolution of large copy number variants, which are characteristic of this cancer type. Ultimately, this research is expected to reveal genetic events that modulate triple negative breast cancer, enhancing our understanding of the disease and offering possible avenues for personalized interventions to affected individuals.

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GCRC postdoc recognized nationally and globally - McGill Reporter

Several university housing projects set to be completed in the next few years are unlikely to lower rent costs in Westwood, experts say.

Westwood Village has been rated the most expensive place to rent in California. The high cost of rent can be burdensome for students, especially those who must live off campus. At the same time, a growing percentage of students on the Hill are expected to live in triple-occupancy dorms.

UCLA Housing previously announced its goal to guarantee four years of university housing for first-year students and two years for transfer students as part of its 2016-2026 master plan, which states its primary goals for housing development over the next 10 years.

To reach this target, UCLA Housing has begun construction on three new projects expected to create over 5,000 beds for undergraduate and graduate students. However, experts said these projects will do little to reduce rent costs for private housing in Westwood.

The first of these housing projects is the Lot 15 Residence Hall, which will include two eight-level mid-rise structures that will provide on-campus housing for first- and second-year undergraduates, according to the UCLA Housing website.

The second housing project is the Southwest Campus Apartments, three 8-to-10 story buildings that will provide 321 graduate beds and 1,958 upper-division undergraduate beds. The last of these housing projects is the 10995 Le Conte Avenue Apartments, which will provide 1,167 beds for upper-division undergraduate students.

UCLA Housing & Hospitality Services said in a statement that the rates for its housing units are not determined by the private rental market. University housing rates are determined to ensure that UCLA Housing & Hospitality remains self-financing, meaning they aim to secure funding to maintain current buildings while also gathering enough funds for future projects.

The current rates for UCLA Housing units range from $7,715.52 per academic year for a hall-style dorm to $16,872 per academic year for a university apartment. These rates do not include meal plans or social fees.

Dana Cuff, an architecture, urban design and urban planning professor at UCLA, said she does not believe that the new housing projects will have any effect on rent in Westwood. Cuff, who is also the director of cityLAB UCLA, said this is because the demand for housing in Westwood is disproportionately higher than the supply, which creates pent-up demand. However, she added that these projects could slow down the increase in rent.

Theres such a housing crisis and such pent-up demand, particularly among students to live near campus, that as soon as these new apartments come, they will be snapped up. It is not likely to pressure rents downwards, she said. If I were to predict, Id say rent might not continue to go up at the same rate, it would slow down rent increases that would be a good result.

Michael Lens, an urban planning and public policy associate professor at UCLA, said the effect of these new housing projects will be minimal.

I think that the impact will be very, very small, and close to nothing on the private market, he said. You are trying to play catch to very slow construction activity over recent years and decades even in this part of town. It is not a very big change in supply, he added.

North Westwood Neighborhood Council President Michael Skiles said UCLA remains an attractive option for students because UCLA typically charges around 30% below the market rate for housing. He added that these new buildings could slow down the increase in rent prices, but said he was unsure if rent would decrease in Westwood.

They are either going to result in lower rent or at least slow the rate at which rents in Westwood increase, Skiles said. What remains to be seen is whether it will slow (the price) so much just to actually reverse (increasing rent) and bring costs down a bit, or if it will instead just stop it from increasing.

Skiles said this uncertainty is due to the fact that UCLA does not guarantee housing for fourth-year undergraduate students and has historically offered limited housing for graduate students.

When the students get kicked out of housing, they have to compete for very few spots in Westwood all of them competing for scarce housing drives up the cost, he said.

The record-high rent in Westwood has prompted growing concerns among some UCLA students.

Chew Tin Zar Aung, a third-year microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics student, shared her concerns about the financial burden that high rent places on UCLA students.

While Westwood is a high-income neighborhood, it is still mainly populated by college students, and if we fail to protect (against) the rise in prices, this could be troublesome for students, she said. From my experience, it seems as if the rent in Westwood is getting worse every year.

Arvind Swaminathan, a third-year materials engineering student, said the high rent can still be significant burden for students with enough financial aid to cover tuition.

I think many students are in agreement that rent is important to them, Swaminathan said. While a lot of students already receive financial aid from the school for things like tuition, some still have trouble finding ways to pay for things like housing.

Piyapan Chaiprasit, a third-year business economics student, said she did not feel satisfied with the lack of affordable housing options in Westwood.

I think the situation is getting worse in Westwood because landlords keep trying to increase rent prices every year. Housing management companies will try to take advantage of the high demand and keep raising their prices, knowing that students will have no choice but to pay for these prices this is very burdensome on the students who have to bear these financial costs, Chaiprasit said.

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UCLA's university housing projects are unlikely to reduce rent rates in Westwood - Daily Bruin

Age-related increases in erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and 28-joint swollen joint count (28-SJC) scores without relevantcorresponding increases in patient global assessment (PGA) and 28-joint tenderjoint counts (28-TJCs) may imply that age-related processes such asphysiological ESR increase and soft tissue changes contribute to a higher28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) in older patients, according to resultsfrom a concise report published inRheumatology.

The current study used the DAS28 and its components to investigate the potential effect of aging on patients with rheumatoid arthritis who are nave to treatment with disease activity in disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) from the Norwegian Register of DMARDs. Investigators used linear regression to explore associations between age (<45, 45-65, and >65 years) and each component of the DAS28 while accounting for sex and education. They calculated adjusted predicted scores for each component and total scores for each age range. Because significant interactions were found between age and sex for the 28-TJC, PGA, and ESR (P<.001), researchers stratified regression models for sex. Education was a signicant covariate, leading investigators to calculate predicted scores across age categories for different levels of education. Disease duration was not included in the model because it proved to not be a significant confounder.

Baseline data were available for 2037 patients (mean age55.2 years; 68% women). Compared with the youngest age group, men older than 65years with an intermediate education level had a 25% higher 28-SJC and 56%higher ESR, and women with an intermediate education level had a 27% higher28-SJC and 51% higher ESR. The differences between 28-TJC and PGA werenegligible (men: 28-TJC 3% and PGA 1%; women: 28-TJC 1% and PGA 2%). Thedifference in total DAS28-ESR score between the youngest and oldest agecategory was 10% for both men and women. In absolute values, the DAS28 was 5.5in the oldest group compared with 5 in the youngest.

Study limitations included using baseline data from patientswho were DMARD-nave entering the Norwegian Register of DMARDs and thepotential for confounding variables; however, the study investigators concludedthat the present study indicates that age has a significant positiverelationship with the DAS28-ESR, with the ESR and 28-SJC driving the increase.Validation of disease activity measures in elderly RA patients should be performedin future studies where the influence of comorbidity and physiologicalageingis studied. The age effect on DAS28 might be relevant in atreat-to-target strategy, but longitudinal data are needed to further explorethis.

Reference van Onna M, Putrik P, Lie E, Kvien TK, Boonen A, Uhlig T.What do we measure with 28-joint DAS in elderly patients? An explorative analysis in the NOR-DMARD study[published online October 26, 2019].Rheumatology (Oxford). doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kez490

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Effect of Aging on 28-Joint Disease Activity Score in Rheumatoid Arthritis - Rheumatology Advisor

A recently published report presented at the 2019 AIBD Annual Meeting in Orlando, FL, discussed the case of a patient who developed ulcerative colitis (UC) following treatment with Secukinumab for her psoriatic arthritis and highlighted a novel approach for the management of both of her conditions simultaneously.

The patient, a 52-year-old female with a long history ofpsoriatic arthritis, presented complaining of bloody diarrhea over the pastmonth. Stool studies and biopsies as well as a CT Scan of Abdomen and Pelvis wereperformed and revealed normal results. A colonoscopy, however, revealed thatthe patient had ulcerative colitis (UC) extending from the hepatic flexure torectum. Biopsies showed crypt abscesses consistent with inflammatory boweldisease (IBD) alone with a positive serum p-ANCA, the authors explained. Thepatient stated that she had no history of UC or IBD but did note that herpsoriatic arthritis had been unsuccessfully treated with Etanercept,Leflunomide, Adalimumab, and Methotrexate in the past.

The patients Secukinumab was discontinued and she wasinitiated on prednisone 40mg daily and mesalamine 4.8g daily. The patientimproved and was, therefore, discharged. To allow for a prednisone taper, shewas later initiated on Tofacitinib 10mg twice daily for treatment of bothpsoriatic arthritis and UC. In addition to complete resolution of her bloodydiarrhea, objective improvement of the patients psoriatic arthritis was alsoobserved.

In their discussion, the authors stated that, although therehave been case reports of Secukinumab-induced UC published in the past,treatment typically involves infliximab, a monoclonal TNF-alpha antibody, ifsteroids initially fail. For this patient, however, optimizing immunologic therapywas difficult since she was resistant to multiple forms of THF-alpha inhibitionwith Adalimumab and Etanercept. Because of this, a novel approach of initial steroidtherapy followed by treatment with Tofacitinib provided excellent resolution ofthe patients symptoms and conditions.

Nonetheless, psoriatic arthritis cases on Secukinumab who develop ulcerative colitis and have failed prior TNF-alpha antibody treatment merit this novel approach to therapy with Tofacitinib, the authors concluded. They added, We might consider Tofacitinib even in cases who have not failed prior TNF-alpha antibody treatment given greater acceptance by patients of oral medical therapy.

Reference

Sethi V, Jacobs A, Sethi A. Secukinumab induced ulcerative colitis in a patient with psoriatic arthritis: A novel approach to refractory cases. Presented at: 2019 AIBD Annual Meeting; December 12-14 in Orlando, FL.

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Case Highlights Novel Approach to Treatment of UC, Psoriatic Arthritis - Monthly Prescribing Reference

December 13, 2019, 6:46 PM

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Eerie X-rays portray a rare condition nicknamed "telescoping fingers," in which bone loss causes the fingers to buckle back into the hand, like a collapsing telescope.

A female patient, age 69, was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 18 years prior and presented at a rheumatology clinic in Turkey with the condition, according to a case study published in the New England Journal of Medicine this week.

Her fingers could be stretched to their original length, but then retreated back into her hand when released. She could not completely flex her fingers, nor make a fist.

X-rays revealed that her bones had been reabsorbed as a late-state consequence of her severe arthritis.

A 69-year-old woman in Turkey developed a rare condition known as "telescoping fingers."

Doctors treated her with a series of arthritis drugs, which reduced her pain and swelling but did not improve her hand functionality.

While an estimated 23% of Americans have some form of doctor-diagnosed arthritis, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, developing telescoping fingers is extremely rare, even among people with arthritis.

The first case of the telescoping condition, described in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, was documented in 1913, and referred to it as "la main en lorgnette," or opera-glass hand.

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Rare 'telescoping fingers' condition caused woman's bones to reabsorb - ABC News

It may have been a rainy day, but the dreary weather did little to dampen Sharon Stolbergs enthusiasm when speaking about SPARC (Sport, Art, and Recreation of Chattanooga) to the Civitan Club.

The teacher at Hunter Middle School, who has suffered from a severe form of arthritis for her entire life, has devoted herself to helping children with disabilities. She does so by encouraging disabled students to participate in adaptive sports.

Adaptive sports, such as wheelchair basketball, use unique equipment to make those activities accessible to people with disabilities. Possessing the ability to play these sports has several benefits to children and adults, said the middle school teacher.

Adaptive sports really increase confidence, said Ms. Stolberg on the benefits of adaptive sports, Theyre a good bridge builder between the disabled and the non-disabled population, and they help with strength and weight control.

Ms. Stolberg has been a proponent of adaptive sports for almost 15 years. Although they did not exist when she was a child, nothing stopped her from enjoying them as an adult.

I started horseback riding in 2005 in Cleveland, and then I got into adaptive water skiing, and it sort of avalanched after that, said the speaker on how she got into adaptive sports.

Ever since she started with SPARC, which is focused on adaptive sports, she has seen it grow from small beginnings into a widely accepted organization. And with growth, it has made her job much easier.

I think the demand has grown, and the acceptance has grown, said Ms. Stolberg, The willingness of people to work and modify has grown too. Going from having to scrounge for volunteers, and now we have many more volunteers than we would have a few years ago. Its just more public now, and more of an accepted thing, which is huge.

While adaptive sports are a blessing for many children, they can be a pricey endeavor for families. Organizations such as the Civitan Club often provide the funds necessary to make the crucial equipment needed for adaptive sports.

With the kids in the area, the Civitan Clubs are really essential to get things like adaptive bikes for them, said Ms. Stolberg.

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Teacher With Severe Arthritis Urges Others With Disabilities To Stay Active - The Chattanoogan

Halloween has passed, but the scariest time of the year has just begun: cold and flu season. Winter can be unsettling when you have juvenile arthritis. Some medications used to treat JA can weaken the immune system, making it easier to catch any viruses going around. Getting sick can be hard on kids with JA; they might feel extra soreness, and it may take them longer to feel better than their peers. They may even need to put JA treatments on hold until they recover.

Its natural to feel anxious at this time of year. Its especially worrying because kids often spend hours together in tight quarters such as day care, locker rooms, and classrooms. But there are many precautions you can take to help prevent the spread of disease.

Youngsters with JA should get a flu vaccine, especially if theyre using immunosuppressants. The best line of defense is to have everyone in your house get a flu shot, to reduce the risk of someone getting sick and spreading germs.

Keep communal spaces in the house clean and wash shared blankets frequently. Remind your children to wash their hands after gym classes and sports practices. Older kids and teens should keep sanitizer sprays on hand for use on personal sports equipment.

Even when youre taking all the precautions possible, it can be hard to avoid worrying. The last thing you want is for your child to get sick. It can be tempting to want to put them in a bubble.

But try to have faith in the flu shot; its an excellent first line of defense. And other options, such as antiviral medication, can make the flu easier to cope with. While its not a cure, it can reduce flu symptoms by one day, which is nothing to sneeze at. If your child is showing signs of an infection, such as a fever, its important to call the doctor right away. The doctor may recommend using one of these medications as a precaution.

Have faith in your children to do their part to stay clean. Encourage them to wash their hands before eating and to keep their hands to themselves. Older kids and teens often understand that these precautions are necessary. Even little ones can come around to the idea when you incorporate it into a routine.

I think its important to note that though its easy to get sick, it might not happen. Its entirely possible to stay healthy. While some years I felt as if Id caught every cold going around, some flu seasons passed without a hitch. Youll never know how the season will go, so try to be as positive as possible. With the right precautions, your family might do just fine this cold and flu season.

***

Note: Juvenile Arthritis News is strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. The opinions expressed in this column are not those of Juvenile Arthritis News, or its parent company, BioNews Services, and are intended to spark discussion about issues pertaining to juvenile arthritis.

Elizabeth Medeiros is a young adult who has dealt with juvenile arthritis since she was a small child. However, her pain hasnt stopped her from working on a product design degree in Boston. Her passion is to create products that make life easier for the chronically ill, such as shoes and walking canes. When shes not in class, Elizabeth enjoys writing about how shes coped with arthritis at such a young age. You can find more of her writings at ArthritisGirl.Blogspot.com and on Instagram @GirlWithArthritis.

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Flu Season Is the Scariest Time of the Year When You Have JA - Juvenile Arthritis News

'Were expanding the [biosimilars] initiative to make sure that our drug programs in Alberta are going to be sustainable,' Alberta Health Minister Tyler Shandro, seen here, said in an exclusive interview.

Jason Franson/The Canadian Press

Alberta will force 26,000 patients on government-sponsored drug plans to switch from expensive drugs that are known as biologics to cheaper near-copies of the medications, a move that will save the province hundreds of millions of dollars in the coming years.

The major policy change in favour of the less-expensive versions, called biosimilars, will take effect by next summer and is expected to save $227-million to $380-million over the next four years. Alberta will become the second province after British Columbia to stop covering some of the brand-name biologic drugs that have driven significant increases in prescription-drug spending across the country.

But the provincial government intends to go even further than B.C., including more drugs in the first phase of its plan and introducing a tiered framework that will limit drug choices for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Crohns disease who are starting biologics for the first time.

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Were expanding the [biosimilars] initiative to make sure that our drug programs in Alberta are going to be sustainable," Alberta Health Minister Tyler Shandro said in an exclusive interview. We committed in the last election that we would find efficiencies and make sure that we were investing those savings.

The government is working to rein in Albertas health-care spending more broadly, an effort that has already drawn the ire of health-care workers unions and the Alberta Medical Association.

The provinces initiative is likely to earn plaudits from those who see promoting the less-expensive medications as a sensible way to free up money for other health-care priorities.

However, some gastroenterologists and patient advocacy groups, including Crohns and Colitis Canada, have expressed concern that inflammatory bowel disease patients forced to switch wont do as well on the cheaper drugs.

Health Canada and drug regulators around the world say biosimilars are as safe and effective as the original drugs they mimic.

Biologics are complex medications produced from living organisms and injected or infused into patients. They have dramatically improved the health of people with debilitating diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohns disease chronic illnesses for which there used to be few good treatment options.

In Alberta, government spending on biologics skyrocketed to $238-million in 2018-19, up from just $21-million a decade earlier.

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Four of the top five drugs in terms of public spending in Alberta are biologics. At the top of that list is Remicade, also known as infliximab, an intravenous infusion for rheumatoid arthritis, Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis, which cost the provincial government as much as $91.2-million last year more than any other single drug.

The list price for Remicade in Alberta is $962.68 a vial, while the biosimilar versions, Inflectra and Renflexis, sell for $525 and $493 a vial, respectively. (List prices dont reflect the confidential discount deals that are now commonplace in the global pharmaceutical industry, meaning the Alberta government could be paying less.)

Biosimilars are almost like generics: They are cheaper near-copies of original biologic drugs whose patents have expired. However, biologics, unlike simple chemical pills, cant be replicated perfectly from batch to batch, even within the same brand.

That complexity has allowed some opponents to argue that biosimilars arent as safe or effective as original biologics, especially for patients who are being asked to switch for financial instead of health reasons.

But the bulk of the international evidence mainly from Europe, where more than 40 approved biosimilars are available has shown no significant differences in safety or efficacy after switching.

Albertas plan will require existing patients on government-sponsored drug plans to switch to the biosimilar versions of Remicade and four other drugs: Enbrel, which treats rheumatoid arthritis; Lantus, a long-acting insulin for diabetics; and Neulasta and Neupogen, both of which boost white-cell counts for chemotherapy patients.

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Existing users of a drug called Copaxone for multiple sclerosis will be switched to a complex generic at the same time. The government is including the drug in its initiative even though it is not technically a biologic.

The changes are expected to affect about 22,000 Albertans with diabetes, 2,000 with Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis, 1,400 with rheumatic diseases, 750 with multiple sclerosis, 450 with low white-blood cell counts and 35 with plaque psoriasis.

The changes, which kick in July 1, 2020, do not apply to patients with private insurance or patients who pay out of pocket for their prescription drugs.

Children and pregnant women will be exempt. Physicians who believe there is a medical reason why a patient should not switch will be allowed to apply to the province for an exemption.

For patients with Crohns disease, rheumatoid arthritis and related rheumatic diseases who are either starting biologics for the first time or switching away from a biologic that has stopped working, a new tiered framework means they will have to try cheaper biologic options first.

For example, Crohns patients new to biologics will first have to try one of the two Remicade biosimilars or another IV drug called Entyvio before they are allowed to access public coverage of Humira, an expensive treatment that patients can self-inject but for which biosimilar alternatives are not yet available in Canada.

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Current Humira patients will be allowed to retain government coverage for the drug.

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Alberta will force patients to switch from biologics to cheaper biosimilar medications - The Globe and Mail

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The endocrine system is a collection of glands all over the body that is responsible for the secretion of hormones into the bloodstream. An endocrine disorder happens when this system is no longer able to function properly.

The endocrine system is composed of a set of glands responsible for the production of hormones that play a vital role in the regulation of body signals. These include appetite, sleep, weight, breathing, and even puberty. Almost every aspect of the body has something to do with hormones.

Diseases such as diabetes, Graves Disease, and Cushings Syndrome are all endocrine disorders. Each of them is a unique disease treated in different ways, but CBD and endocrine diseases have become tangled one as a remedy for the other in the recent past.

How endocrine system disorders occur

Endocrine disorders occur when one or more endocrine glands no longer functions properly. If even one gland starts to produce too much or too little of a particular hormone, chances of an endocrine disorder occurring go up. Such a disorder can either be generic, or due to tumors, nodules or lesions inhibit an endocrine glands normal functioning.

In diabetes, for example, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin; and in hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland doesnt produce enough thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism is the opposite of this.

All in all, most endocrine disorders dont have a specific cure and can last with the patient for years or even their whole lives. If left untreated, they can result in the poor quality of life, general body pain, loss of weight, total inability to move, work or function and death.

However, there exist medications and therapies that can be used to manage the symptoms they exhibit. One of the ways these symptoms can be suppressed and managed is through the use of CBD.

CBD and the endocrine system

According to recent studies, CBD has the potential to regulate the endocrine system and manage harmful symptoms exhibited by some endocrine disorders. One case that stands out, in particular, is when the disorder is caused by the presence of a tumor on endocrine glands. CBD and endocrine diseases caused by cancer cells can be inhibited and, possibly have an invasion of prostate tumors prohibited.

There is also some evidence available that suggests CBD has some degree of influence over the production of hormones in some glands in the body, including the thyroid gland. Keep in mind that research into the effect of CBD on the endocrine system is in very preliminary stages, however.

What we are sure of, though, is the effect CBD has when it comes to keeping the symptoms of certain endocrine disorders under control. The most common of these are insomnia and anxiety.

Of all the uses CBD has found in the modern age, the most well-documented is its ability to reduce feelings of anxiety. This is thought to be as a result of its ability to bind directly with CB1 receptors in the brain and affect the production of cortisol and serotonin.

Serotonin is a mood-regulating hormone, whose deficiency is usually manifested via feelings of anxiety and depression. A high level of cortisol also leads to feelings of stress and impending doom, as exhibited by people with anxiety.

Another well-known property of CBD is getting rid of insomnia. Sleep is yet another part of human life thought to be controlled, at least in part, by the endocannabinoid system. This is done via the circadian rhythm, which keeps wakefulness and sleepiness in check. In people with anxiety, this rhythm can be thrown off, making them unable to fall asleep.

On the other hand, another common symptom of endocrine disorders is unsatisfying sleep. REM sleep is the part of sleeping where, if experienced properly, a person feels well-rested. In people with certain endocrine disorders and anxiety, REM sleep may be lacking. A CBD dropper or CBD tincture right before bed is a good way to

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Benefits of CBD and Arthritis in the Human Body - MMJ Reporter

This was the company's first launch since May

Jeff Bezos company Blue Origin has successfully launched its New Shepard vehicle for a 12th time, as it continues its efforts to begin launching humans on short jaunts into space.

Today at 12.46 P.M. Eastern Time, the U.S. companys 18-meter tall rocket launched from the companys test site in West Texas on the NS-12 mission. On board was a capsule, designed to one day carry up to six people, but on this occasion outfitted with a variety of experiments and sensors.

After reaching a maximum altitude of 104.5 kilometers, the rocket booster separated from the capsule and the two descended back towards Earth. The booster fired up its engines again and performed a controlled landing back on the ground, while the capsule descended safely and slowly to Earth via parachute. The whole flight lasted about ten minutes.

Congratulations to our New Shepard team, said Ariane Cornell, Director of Astronaut and Orbital Sales for Blue Origin, in a live stream for the launch. Look at that capsule. Man I wish I'd been on board today!

This was the sixth flight for this particular New Shepard vehicle, eclipsing the record of five flights made by its predecessor. This particular rocket has been an operational payload vehicle for several flights, meaning there are no more updates to the system, Blue Origin said in a pre-launch statement.

The booster touched down about seven minutes after launching,

New Shepard is designed to be a space tourism vehicle, taking paying customers on short trips into space lasting several minutes and giving them a brief stint of weightlessness before returning to Earth. Tickets are estimated to cost in the region of $200,000.

Blue Origin, which is also developing an orbital rocket called New Glenn, had hoped to start launching its first humans to space in 2019. However, delays have meant that is now almost certain to be pushed back to at least 2020. The company's last launch came in May 2019, while it has kept most of its plans for these inaugural human flights under wraps for now.

Were never going to fly until were absolutely ready, Blue Origins CEO Bob Smith told CNBC last month. [We] have to go look at all the analysis, and then convince ourselves that were ready to go So it probably will be next year.

On todays flight, however, were a number of commercial payloads, with Blue Origin noting it had now launched payloads for 100 customers. These included a NASA recycling experiment, a space plant experiment, and two art experiments in partnership with the band OK Go.

One of our educational payloads from Columbia University, designed and built by undergraduate students and advised by [astronaut] Dr. Michael Massimino, will study the acute impacts of microgravity environments on cell biology, Blue Origin noted in a pre-launch update. This is crucial for humans living and working in space.

Blue Origin also noted that thousands of postcards written by children were on board the flight, from their non-profit organisation Club for the Future. The Club's mission is to inspire future generations to pursue careers in STEM and help visualize the future of life in space, the company said.

Now Blue Origin will be hoping it can move ever closer to human flights. While no updated timescale for that has yet been released for when those might occur, todays launch and landing is at least another step in that direction.

We've got a couple more flights before we're going to get there, said Cornell.

Read this article:
Blue Origin Launches Its First Space Tourism Rocket In Seven Months - And Hopes To Take Humans To Space In 2020 - Forbes

Transparency Market Research (TMR)has published a new report on the globalcell separation technology marketfor the forecast period of 20192027. According to the report, the global cell separation technology market was valued at ~US$ 5 Bnin 2018, and is projected to expand at a double-digit CAGR during the forecast period.

Overview

Cell separation, also known as cell sorting or cell isolation, is the process of removing cells from biological samples such as tissue or whole blood. Cell separation is a powerful technology that assists biological research. Rising incidences of chronic illnesses across the globe are likely to boost the development of regenerative medicines or tissue engineering, which further boosts the adoption of cell separation technologies researchers.

Expansion of the global cell separation technology market is attributed to an increase in technological advancements and surge in investments in research & development, such asstem cellresearch and cancer research. The rising geriatric population is another factor boosting the need for cell separation technologies Moreover, the geriatric population, globally, is more prone to long-term neurological and other chronic illnesses, which, in turn, is driving research to develop treatment for chronic illnesses. Furthermore, increase in the awareness about innovative technologies, such as microfluidics, fluorescent-activated cells sorting, and magnetic activated cells sorting is expected to propel the global cell separation technology market.

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North America dominated the global cell separation technology market in 2018, and the trend is anticipated to continue during the forecast period. This is attributed to technological advancements in offering cell separation solutions, presence of key players, and increased initiatives governments for advancing the cell separation process. However, insufficient funding for the development of cell separation technologies is likely to hamper the global cell separation technology market during the forecast period. Asia Pacific is expected to be a highly lucrative market for cell separation technology during the forecast period, owing to improving healthcare infrastructure along with rising investments in research & development in the region.

Rising Incidences of Chronic Diseases, Worldwide, Boosting the Demand for Cell Therapy

Incidences of chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, arthritis, cardiac diseases, and cancer are increasing due to sedentary lifestyles, aging population, and increased alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 2020, the mortality rate from chronic diseases is expected to reach73%, and in developing counties,70%deaths are estimated to be caused chronic diseases. Southeast Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, and Africa are expected to be greatly affected chronic diseases. Thus, the increasing burden of chronic diseases around the world is fuelling the demand for cellular therapies to treat chronic diseases. This, in turn, is driving focus and investments on research to develop effective treatments. Thus, increase in cellular research activities is boosting the global cell separation technology market.

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Increase in Geriatric Population Boosting the Demand for Surgeries

The geriatric population is likely to suffer from chronic diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders more than the younger population. Moreover, the geriatric population is increasing at a rapid pace as compared to that of the younger population. Increase in the geriatric population aged above 65 years is projected to drive the incidences of Alzheimers, dementia, cancer, and immune diseases, which, in turn, is anticipated to boost the need for corrective treatment of these disorders. This is estimated to further drive the demand for clinical trials and research that require cell separation products. These factors are likely to boost the global cell separation technology market.

According to the United Nations, the geriatric population aged above 60 is expected to double 2050 and triple 2100, an increase from962 millionin 2017 to2.1 billionin 2050 and3.1 billion2100.

Productive Partnerships in Microfluidics Likely to Boost the Cell Separation Technology Market

Technological advancements are prompting companies to innovate in microfluidics cell separation technology. Strategic partnerships and collaborations is an ongoing trend, which is boosting the innovation and development of microfluidics-based products. Governments and stakeholders look upon the potential in single cell separation technology and its analysis, which drives them to invest in the development ofmicrofluidics. Companies are striving to build a platform utilizing their expertise and experience to further offer enhanced solutions to end users.

Stem Cell Research to Account for a Prominent Share

Stem cell is a prominent cell therapy utilized in the development of regenerative medicine, which is employed in the replacement of tissues or organs, rather than treating them. Thus, stem cell accounted for a prominent share of the global market. The geriatric population is likely to increase at a rapid pace as compared to the adult population, 2030, which is likely to attract the use of stem cell therapy for treatment. Stem cells require considerably higher number of clinical trials, which is likely to drive the demand for cell separation technology, globally. Rising stem cell research is likely to attract government and private funding, which, in turn, is estimated to offer significant opportunity for stem cell therapies.

Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals Companies to Dominate the Market

The number of biotechnology companies operating across the globe is rising, especially in developing countries. Pharmaceutical companies are likely to use cells separation techniques to develop drugs and continue contributing through innovation. Growing research in stem cell has prompted companies to own large separate units to boost the same. Thus, advancements in developing drugs and treatments, such as CAR-T through cell separation technologies, are likely to drive the segment.

As per research, 449 public biotech companies operate in the U.S., which is expected to boost the biotechnology & pharmaceutical companies segment. In developing countries such as China, China Food and Drug Administration(CFDA) reforms pave the way for innovation to further boost biotechnology & pharmaceutical companies in the country.

Global Cell Separation Technology Market: Prominent Regions

North America to Dominate Global Market, While Asia Pacific to Offer Significant Opportunity

In terms of region, the global cell separation technology market has been segmented into five major regions: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa. North America dominated the global market in 2018, followed Europe. North America accounted for a major share of the global cell separation technology market in 2018, owing to the development of cell separation advanced technologies, well-defined regulatory framework, and initiatives governments in the region to further encourage the research industry. The U.S. is a major investor in stem cell research, which accelerates the development of regenerative medicines for the treatment of various long-term illnesses.

The cell separation technology market in Asia Pacific is projected to expand at a high CAGR from 2019 to 2027. This can be attributed to an increase in healthcare expenditure and large patient population, especially in countries such as India and China. Rising medical tourism in the region and technological advancements are likely to drive the cell separation technology market in the region.

Launching Innovative Products, and Acquisitions & Collaborations Key Players Driving Global Cell Separation Technology Market

The global cell separation technology market is highly competitive in terms of number of players. Key players operating in the global cell separation technology market include Akadeum Life Sciences, STEMCELL Technologies, Inc., BD, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Miltenyi Biotech, 10X Genomics, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Zeiss, GE Healthcare Life Sciences, PerkinElmer, Inc., and QIAGEN.

These players have adopted various strategies such as expanding their product portfolios launching new cell separation kits and devices, and participation in acquisitions, establishing strong distribution networks. Companies are expanding their geographic presence in order sustain in the global cell separation technology market. For instance, in May 2019, Akadeum Life Sciences launched seven new microbubble-based products at a conference. In July 2017, BD received the U.S. FDAs clearance for its BD FACS Lyric flow cytometer system, which is used in the diagnosis of immunological disorders.

Excerpt from:
Cell Separation Technology Market Overview, Growth Forecast, Demand and Development Research Report to 2027 - VaporBlash

D'Angelo Russell is rapidly approaching a date some NBA observers have circled since the Warriors acquired him this summer.

Golden State can trade Russell as soon as Sunday, Dec. 15, and the 23-year-old has been the source of trade speculation during his time in the Bay Area. The Athletic's Jon Krawczynski reported Wednesday, citing sourcesthat the Minnesota Timberwolves "remain interested in Russell" and that the guard "seems to be realistic in understanding that he may not be long for the Warriors once Steph Curry and Klay Thompson return to full health."

Russell is averaging a career-high 22.4 points per game this season to go with 6.1 assists and 3.1 rebounds, serving as the top offensive option in the absence of his All-Star teammates. He knew he wouldn't play much with Thompson this season as he recovers from a torn ACL, but Curry's broken hand threw a wrench into the Warriors' -- and thus Russell's -- prospects this season. Warriors coach Steve Kerr praised how Russell has handled the rumors surrounding him.

"Money doesn't buy peace of mind," Kerr said Friday morning (H/T San Francisco Chronicle's Connor Letourneau)."It doesn't buy a sense of belonging, a sense of, 'Alright, this is my team.' If there's speculation that you're going to be traded all the time, I don't care how much money you make, I don't care who you are. That's tough. That's no fun to deal with, and this season has been nowhere close to what D'Angelo thought it would be when he first signed with us.

"There's no Steph. We're struggling to win games. He's had his own injuries, and we're throwing all kinds of different lineups out there based on the other injuries we've faced."

Russell has played in just 15 of the Warriors' 27 games this season, playing on a team that looksfar more like the Los Angeles Lakers of his first two seasons than the playoff-contending Brooklyn Nets a year ago -- let alone the reigning Western Conference champion Warriors.

[RELATED:How Warriors' Chriss earning chance to start at center]

Kerr, who entered this season with the highest winning percentage in NBA history (.785), is as aware of Golden State's dramatically different reality as anyone. He said it has only brought out the best in Russell.

"So given all that, he's played really well, and he's been a great teammate and he's doing everything he needs to do to solidify his position here," Kerr continued."But this is the NBA here, and we never know what's coming, what's happening. So, it's a difficult position to be in in general, but for him in particular it's strange set of circumstances and he's handling it really well."

Whether or not the Warriors trade Russell, it's clear Kerr holds him in high regard.

Excerpt from:

Looney gives up two aspects of diet to combat neuropathy - NBCSports.com

First oral taxane to demonstrate superior response rate and overall survival compared to IV paclitaxel in a Phase III clinical trial

Data to be presented today in an oral presentation at the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS)

BUFFALO, N.Y., Dec. 13, 2019 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Athenex, Inc. (Nasdaq: ATNX), a global biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel therapies for the treatment of cancer, today announced results from a pivotal Phase III clinical trial showed oral paclitaxel and encequidar had superior response and survival with much lower incidence and severity of neuropathy compared to IV paclitaxel in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. For additional details on the study results, please refer to the abstract GS6-01, which can be found online here.

Dr. Rudolf Kwan, Chief Medical Officer of Athenex, commented, Oral paclitaxel and encequidar is the first oral taxane to demonstrate in a Phase III study statistically significant improvement in response rate and median overall survival compared to IV paclitaxel, in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer while associated with a much lower incidence and severity of neuropathy. We believe these data suggest the potential for oral paclitaxel and encequidar to provide an important advance in the management of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

These results will be presented in an oral presentation today at the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) at 3:15 p.m. CT in General Session 6 in Hall 3 of the Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center in San Antonio, Texas, and were selected for the official SABCS press program at 7:30 a.m. CT.

The Orascovery platform was initially developed by Hanmi Pharmaceuticals and licensed exclusively to Athenex for all major worldwide territories except Korea, which is retained by Hanmi.

About Athenex, Inc.

Founded in 2003, Athenex, Inc. is a global clinical stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to becoming a leader in the discovery, development, and commercialization of next-generation drugs for the treatment of cancer. Athenex is organized around three platforms, including an Oncology Innovation Platform, a Commercial Platform, and a Global Supply Chain Platform. The Companys current clinical pipeline is derived from four different platform technologies: (1) Orascovery, based on nonabsorbed P-glycoprotein inhibition, (2) Src kinase inhibition, (3) T-cell receptor-engineered T-cells (TCR-T), and (4) arginine deprivation therapy. Athenexs employees worldwide are dedicated to improving the lives of cancer patients by creating more active and tolerable treatments. Athenex has offices in Buffalo and Clarence, New York; Cranford, New Jersey; Houston, Texas; Chicago, Illinois; Hong Kong; Taipei, Taiwan; multiple locations in Chongqing, China; Manchester, UK; Guatemala City, Guatemala and Buenos Aires, Argentina. For more information, please visit http://www.athenex.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for historical information, all of the statements, expectations, and assumptions contained in this press release are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are typically identified by terms such as anticipate, believe, continue, could, estimate, evaluate, expect, foresee, guidance, intend, investigate, likely, may, plan, potential, predict, preliminary, prepare, potential, probable, project, promising, seek, should, will, would, and similar expressions. Actual results might differ materially from those explicit or implicit in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include: the development stage of our primary clinical candidates and related risks involved in drug development, clinical trials, regulation, manufacturing and commercialization; our reliance on third partiesfor success in certain areas of Athenexs business; our history of operating losses and need to raise additional capital to continue as a going concern; our ability to integrate CIDALs assets into our existing operations; competition; intellectual property risks; risks relating to doing business inChina; the uncertainty of when, if at all, we will be able to resume producing API in ourChongqingplant; and the other risk factors set forth from time to time in ourSECfilings, copies of which are available for free in the Investor Relations section of our website athttp://ir.athenex.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=254495&p=irol-secor upon request from our Investor Relations Department. All information provided in this release is as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation and do not intend to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

CONTACTSAthenex, Inc.:Jacqueline LiCorporate Development and Investor RelationsEmail: JacquelineLi@athenex.com

Investor Relations:Tim McCarthyManaging Director, LifeSci Advisors, LLCDirect: 212-915-2564

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Athenex Announces Superior Response and Survival with Lower Neuropathy of a Novel Oral Paclitaxel versus IV Paclitaxel in Treatment of Metastatic...

Assessment of the Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Market

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Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Market to Witness a Sluggish Growth Owing to Stringent Government Policies in 2019 - 2029 - Markets Gazette...

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Global Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Treatment Market 2019 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2025 - Industry...

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Neuropathy Pain Treatment Market 2019 Share, Growth, Region Wise Analysis of Top Players, Application, Driver, Existing Trends and Forecasts 2026 -...

The research report Neuropathy Pain Treatment Market Global Industry Analysis 2019 2025 offers precise analytical information about the Neuropathy Pain Treatment market. The report identifies top players in the global market and divides the market into several parameters such as major drivers market strategies and imposing growth of the key players. Worldwide Neuropathy Pain Treatment Industry also offers a granular study of the market dynamics, segmentation, revenue, share forecasts and allows you to make superior business decisions. The report serves imperative statistics on the market stature of the prominent manufacturers and is an important source of guidance and advice for companies and individuals involved in the Neuropathy Pain Treatment industry.

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Neuropathy Pain Treatment Market report segmentation on Major Product Type:Calcium Channel Alpha 2-delta Ligands, Serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors, Others

Market by Application: Here, various application segments of the global Neuropathy Pain Treatment market are taken into account for the research study.

Retail Pharmacies, Hospitals, Others

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Global Neuropathy Pain Treatment Market 2019 by Manufacturers, Countries, Type and Application, Forecast to 2025 - World Industry Reports

New medicines and treatments can often help patients better tolerate the sometimes harsh side effects of chemo

Chemotherapy, or chemical treatment, is often recommended as a treatment for a variety of cancers as it uses powerful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells, such as cancer cells, in ones body. Particularly for cancer that has spread to different parts of the body beyond the original tumor, chemotherapy can be effective as it can work throughout the whole body. According to the American Cancer Society, the three main goals for using chemotherapy in cancer treatment are to cure cancer, to control the disease if a cure isnt possible and palliation, to ease symptoms.

Dr. Lindsey Prochaska, DO, a medical oncologist with NHRMC Physician Group - Cape Fear Cancer Specialists, and Katie Evans, an oncology clinical pharmacist at NHRMC, have shared some information about this common cancer-fighting treatment, often called chemo. Prochaska treats patients at Cape Fear Cancer Specialists office in Leland and at New Hanover Regional Medical Centers Zimmer Cancer Center, and Evans collaborates with the oncology teams and patients at the Zimmer Cancer Center.

1) Chemotherapy can be used alone or along with other treatments

Sometimes chemotherapy is the only treatment a patient may need to treat a cancer, other times it may be used along with other forms of treatment.

"Chemotherapy can be used after surgery, before surgery, or even in the metastatic non-curable setting for control of cancer, said Prochaska. In the setting in which surgery removes a cancer, chemotherapy is often used before or after the surgery to rid the bloodstream of cells to reduce recurrence.

Some cancers respond to chemotherapy better than others, and Prochaska said chemotherapy may not be recommended in some circumstances.

More aggressive cancers sometimes respond better to chemotherapy than slow growing ones, she said. Very few cancers have no role for chemotherapy, but if a cancer is caught at a very early stage chemo may not be recommended.

As for if chemotherapy can sometimes provide a complete cure, Prochaska said, Absolutely. When given before or after surgery cure is commonly the goal, she said.

2) Chemotherapy drugs can be taken orally or received through ones veins

Chemotherapy is most often administered intravenously (IV), although, there are some oral chemotherapy treatment options, Evans said. Chemotherapy is administered by chemotherapy certified nurses in the infusion center, whereas, the oral options patients can self-administer following safety precautions for hazardous medications.

3) Chemotherapy can also treat other conditions

Chemotherapy is mostly only used for cancer, but there are some targeted therapies and conventional chemotherapies that treat autoimmune diseases, like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, Prochaska said.

4) Chemotherapy can reduce chances of a cancer returning

The side effects of chemo can be harsh, but many times when recommended, its to increase the chances of cure, Prochaska said. Chemo can reduce the chances of recurrence 25-50% -- sometimes higher.

5) Side effects are common with chemotherapy

It is true that most systemic chemotherapy can affect both healthy and cancer cells in causing cell death, Evans said. Chemotherapy targets fast growing cells inside of the body which can be both cancer cells and healthy cells. Herein lies the potential for side effects. With newer, more targeted therapy and immunotherapy coming into use, we have seen the potential for side effects to lessen as compared to traditional, systemic chemotherapy.

Evans said these targeted therapies still have side effects that are manageable by an oncologist.

As clinical oncology pharmacists we counsel patients on the side effects they may experience, timeline, and management of the particular side effects with the chemotherapy regimen, she said.

Evans said some common side effects of chemotherapy include lowering blood counts, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, hair loss, appetite and taste changes.

Side effects from chemotherapy are common, but can be managed with supportive care medications, Evans said. Once chemotherapy is completed, many side effects will resolve, though we know that some side effects like hair loss and neuropathy will take months to resolve.

Evans said side effects with chemotherapy treatment also differ in the time of onset. The effects on blood cell counts are relatively soon after chemotherapy has begun, hair loss is usually between 2-3 weeks after chemotherapy, and neuropathy may take several weeks before noticing.

Contrary to what some may think, Evans said not all types of chemotherapy cause hair loss.

Prochaska said medications have made a difference regarding some side effects.

Chemotherapy premedications and postmeds have come a long way, Prochaska said. Many people tolerate chemotherapy much better than expected now that we have medications that can help control nausea and vomiting.

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Updated and long-term follow-up analyses from two clinical trials evaluating brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris; Seattle Genetics/Takeda) and nivolumab (Opdivo; BristolMyers Squibb) in frontline Hodgkin lymphoma patients aged 60 years and older and in relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma were presented at the 61st annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) taking place December 7-10, 2019 in Orlando, Florida.

According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 8,110 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma will be diagnosed in the United States during 2019 and 1,000 will die from the disease. Approximately half of all newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma patients have Stage III/IV disease. According to the Lymphoma Coalition, over 62,000 people worldwide are diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma each year and approximately 25,000 people die each year from this cancer.

Antibody-drug conjugateBrentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate or ADC directed to CD30, a defining marker of classical Hodgkin lymphoma. The drug includes an anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody attached by a protease-cleavable linker to a microtubule disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). The ADC employs a linker system that is designed to be stable in the bloodstream but to release MMAE upon internalization into CD30-expressing tumor cells.

Antibody-drug Conjugates are highly targeted biopharmaceutical drugs that combine monoclonal antibodies specific to surface antigens present on particular tumor cells with highly potent anti-cancer agents linked via a chemical linker.

With five approved drugs on the market, ADCs have become a powerful class of therapeutic agents in oncology and hematology.

Continued evaluationWe continue to evaluate brentuximab vedotin in combination with novel therapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors, with the goal of identifying new options for CD30-expressing lymphomas where there is high unmet need, said Roger Dansey, MD, Chief Medical Officer at Seattle Genetics.

The data presentations at the annual meeting reinforces our strong commitment to the brentuximab vedotin clinical development program, potentially moving into new patient populations and novel combination treatment strategies, Dansey added.

Frontline therapyData were presented from an updated analysis from the phase II clinical trial evaluating brentuximab vedotin in combination with nivolumab as frontline therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma patients aged 60 years and older. Data were reported from 21 patients, and the median age was 72 years. The majority of patients (76%) had stage III/IV disease at the time of diagnosis.

These results were highlighted in an oral presentation by Christopher A. Yasenchak, MD, Willamette Valley Cancer Institute and Research Center/US Oncology Research, Oregon. [1]

The trial included 19 response-evaluable patients, 18 patients (95%) had an objective response, including 13 patients (68%) with a complete response and five patients (26%) with a partial response.

All response-evaluable patients experienced tumor reduction (complete response + partial response + stable disease) following treatment with brentuximab vedotin in combination with nivolumab. Median duration of response was not yet reached and the maximum duration of response was 22 months and ongoing (95% CI: 7.06, -).

The most common treatment-related adverse events of any grade occurring in at least 20% of patients were fatigue, diarrhea, pyrexia, infusion related reaction, peripheral motor neuropathy, peripheral sensory neuropathy and increase in lipase.

One treatment-related serious adverse event was pyrexia. Fifty-seven percent of patients (12/21) had at least one treatment-related adverse event greater than or equal to Grade 3, most commonly increase in lipase (24%, 5/21), peripheral motor neuropathy and peripheral sensory neuropathy (each 14%, 3/21), and fatigue and hyponatremia (each 10%, 2/21).

These data suggest that brentuximab vedotin + nivolumab is an active treatment with an encouraging CR rate (72%) and appears well tolerated. The results also suggest that with further follow-up and validation, treatment with brentuximab vedotin + Nivo may improve patient outcomes.

Relapsed or Refractory Hodgkin LymphomaA second presentation reported data from 93 patients with relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma after failure of frontline therapy who received the combination regimen of brentuximab vedotin plus nivolumab.

After completion of the fourth cycle of treatment, patients were eligible to undergo an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). The median age of patients was 34 years.

These results were highlighted in an oral presentation by Alison J. Moskowitz, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. [2]

The study results of this trial showed that of the 91 treated patients, 85% (77/91) had an objective response, including 67% (61/91) with a complete response, 16 patients with a partial response and six patients had stable disease.

From the ninety-one treated patients, sixty-seven patients received an ASCT per trial protocol with no additional salvage therapy. For all treated patients, the two-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 79% (95% CI: 68%, 87%). For the 67 patients who received an ASCT per trial protocol, the two-year PFS was 92% (95% CI: 80%, 97%). Median follow-up for all treated patients was 24.2 months (range 1.8-41.7) and the median PFS was not reached. Estimated overall survival at two years was 94% (95% CI: 85%, 97%) and median overall survival was not yet reached.

Peripheral immune signatures were consistent with an activated T-cell response. Prior to ASCT, the most common adverse events of any grade occurring in more than 20% of patients were nausea, infusion related reaction, fatigue, diarrhea, pruritus, headache, vomiting and pyrexia. Other adverse events included peripheral neuropathy in 16 patients (18%) and neutropenia in six patients (7%). Two patients (2%) discontinued treatment due to adverse events, Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy and increased gamma-glutamyltransferase. Serious adverse events occurred in 14 patients (15%), including pneumonia, pneumonitis and pyrexia (two patients each); and Grade 3 Guillain-Barre syndrome (one patient).

Reference[1] Yasenchak CA, Bordoni R, Yazbeck V, Patel-Donnelly D, Anderson T, Larson T, Newhook T, Mei M, et al. Phase II Study of Frontline Brentuximab Vedotin Plus Nivolumab in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma Aged 60 Years. 61st annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH). Program: Oral and Poster Abstracts. Type: Oral. Abstract 237. Session: 624. Hodgkin Lymphoma and T/NK Cell LymphomaClinical Studies: Immunotherapy Approaches in Hodgkin Lymphoma Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways: Diseases, Biological, antibodies, Therapies, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, T-Cell Lymphoma, Lymphoid Malignancies.[Abstract][2] Moskowitz AJ, Advani R, Bartlett NL, Vose JM, Ramchandren R, Feldman TA, LaCasce AS, Christian BA, et al. Brentuximab Vedotin and Nivolumab for Relapsed or Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Long-Term Follow-up Results from the Single-Arm Phase I/II Study. 61st annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH).Program: Oral and Poster AbstractsType: Oral Abstract 238. Session: 624. Hodgkin Lymphoma and T/NK Cell LymphomaClinical Studies: Immunotherapy Approaches in Hodgkin Lymphoma. Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:Diseases, Biological, Therapies, Hodgkin Lymphoma, checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy, Lymphoid Malignancies. [Abstract]

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