StemCell Therapy

Macular degeneration (AMD) causes blindness in millions of people in the Western world. It is the most common cause of severe vision loss in the Western world among those aged 50 and over, and its prevalence increases with age. Though there is no cure for AMD, significant recent advancements in artificial retina implants may lead to effective treatment.

Located inside the eye the retina contains light receptors (photoreceptors) which absorb light. Information is then processed and transmitted to the brain. The macula, the central area of the retina, processes most of the information that reaches the brain from the eye, enabling one to see while reading and driving, facial recognition, and any other activity that requires accurate vision.

In the peripheral retina, the area of the retina outside the macula that assists mainly with spatial judgment, vision is 10-20 times less precise. In AMD precise vision is impaired due to damage to the center of the retina, while peripheral vision remains normal.

When there is damage to the photoreceptor layers in the retina, an artificial retina a device built from tiny electrodes smaller in width than a hair may be implanted. Activating these electrodes results in electrical stimulation of the remaining retinal cells and results in visual restoration, albeit partially.

AMD patients implanted with an artificial retina possess a combination of artificial central vision and normal peripheral vision. This combination of artificial and natural vision is important to study in order to understand how to help the blind. One of the critical questions in this regard is whether the brain can integrate artificial and natural vision properly.

In a new study published in the journalCurrent Biology, researchers from Bar-Ilan University and Stanford University report for the first time the discovery of evidence indicating that the brain knows how to integrate natural and artificial vision, while maintaining processing information that is important for vision.

We used a unique projection system which stimulated either natural vision, artificial vision or a combination of natural and artificial vision, while simultaneously recording the cortical responses in rodents implanted with a subretinal implant, said Tamar Arens-Arad, who conducted the experiments as part of her doctoral studies.

The implant is composed of dozens of tiny solar cells and electrodes, developed by Prof. Daniel Palanker at Stanford University.

These pioneering results have implications for better restoration of sight in AMD patients implanted with retinal prosthetic devices and support our hypothesis that prosthetic and natural vision can be integrated in the brain. The results could also have implications for future brain-machine interface applications where artificial and natural processes co-exist, said Prof. Yossi Mandel, Head of Bar-Ilan Universitys Ophthalmic Science and Engineering Lab and the studys lead author.

The research was carried out in Prof. Mandels lab at the School of Optometry and Vision Science, Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA) at Bar-Ilan Universitys, in collaboration with Prof. Palanker of Stanford University. The study was conducted by Tamar Arens-Arad in collaboration with Dr. Nairouz Farah, Rivkah Lender, Avital Moshkovitz and Thomas Flores.

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Brain Can Combine Natural And Artificial Vision To Help Treat Common Form Of Blindness - Eurasia Review

New York City, NY: Jan 2020 Published via (Wired Release) MarketResearch.Biz adds Diabetic Neuropathy Market report to its research report database. It is a thorough study of vital elements of the markets such as drivers, growth opportunities, challenges, restraints, current and upcoming trends, SWOT analysis, and many more among other market influencers and strategic information. After comprehensively analyzing these market parameters, the information is presented in a very organized manner that clearly mentions the growth prospects of the Diabetic Neuropathy market during the forecast period.

Making you aware of the latest innovations, market developments, challenges, and opportunities those are estimated to propel Diabetic Neuropathy market growth, this research report puts you in a top position and gives a chance to make use of every opportunity and upcoming trend which can be changed into significant revenues. Diabetic Neuropathy market analysis is extensive into given categories and segmentation and the report is presented in a chapter-wise section for easy finding of required details.

For competitor study, it covers all key players and their respective business information for the pervasive understanding of the competitive scenario. It also makes insertion of their business strategies and reveals the recent developments among major players along with the data of any known collaborations between them. In brief, the well-presented competitive landscape makes you understand the degree of competition.

Being a worldwide report, distinct regions have been studied with detail regional analysis of North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. The regional study helps gain insights on the growth of the market in terms of market size, share, and revenue(USD), thereby revealing the market value, volume, and penetration.

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Our FREE SAMPLE COPY of the report gives a brief introduction to the research report outlook, TOC, list of tables and figures, an outlook to key players of the market and comprising key regions.

Competitive Landscape

Global Diabetic Neuropathy market is highly cleft and the key players have used numerous plans such as new product launches, acquisitions, mergers, collaborations, innovation in products, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, and others to increase their footmarks in this market.

Key players profiled in the report include: Actavis Pharma Inc, NeuroMetrix Inc, Astellas Pharma Inc, Meda Pharma GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Pfizer Inc, Cephalon Inc, Johnson & Johnson Inc and Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH

Market Segmentation:

Segmentation on the basis of disorder type: Peripheral neuropathy, Autonomic neuropathy, Proximal neuropathy, Focal neuropathy, Segmentation on the basis of treatment: Radiotherapy, Physiotherapy

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There Are 13 Chapters To Extensively Display The Diabetic Neuropathy Market:

Chapter 1: Global Diabetic Neuropathy Market Outlook, Product Introduction, Market Segmentation, Market Study of Regions, Market Dynamics, Constraints, Opportunities and Industry News and Policies.

Chapter 2: Global Diabetic Neuropathy Market Chain Study, Upstream Raw Material Suppliers, Key Players, Production Process Study, Cost Analysis, Market Channels, and Key Downstream Buyers.

Chapter 3: Value Study, Production, Price Analysis and Growth Rate Of Diabetic Neuropathy Market by Type.

Chapter 4: Downstream Features, Consumption and Diabetic Neuropathy Market Share by Application.

Chapter 5: Production Volume, Gross Margin, Price, and Revenue (USD) of Diabetic Neuropathy by Regions.

Chapter 6: Diabetic Neuropathy Production, Consumption, Import/Export by Regions.

Chapter 7: Diabetic Neuropathy Market Regional Status and SWOT Analysis.

Chapter 8: Global Competitive Landscape, Product Description, Company Profiles, Diabetic Neuropathy Market Distribution Status by Major Players.

Chapter 9: Diabetic Neuropathy Market Study and Projection by Type and Application (2020-2029).

Chapter 10: Worldwide Market Analysis and Forecast by Regions (2020-2029).

Chapter 11: Global Industry Features, Key Growth Factors, New Entrants SWOT Study, Study of Investment Feasibility.

Chapter 12: Market Conclusion of the Complete Report.

Chapter 13: Appendix Such as Research Methodology and Information Resources.

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Diabetic Neuropathy Market Innovations, And Top Companies Forecast To 2029| Pfizer Inc, Eli Lilly and Company, Actavis Pharma Inc - Neptune Pine

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber optic atrophy) - Pipeline Review, H2 2019" drug pipelines has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

The Publisher's Pharmaceutical and Healthcare latest pipeline guide Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Pipeline Review, H2 2019, provides comprehensive information on the therapeutics under development for Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) (Ophthalmology), complete with analysis by stage of development, drug target, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. The guide covers the descriptive pharmacological action of the therapeutics, its complete research and development history and latest news and press releases.

The Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) (Ophthalmology) pipeline guide also reviews of key players involved in therapeutic development for Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) and features dormant and discontinued projects. The guide covers therapeutics under Development by Companies /Universities /Institutes, the molecules developed by Companies in Pre-Registration, Phase III, Phase II, Phase I, Preclinical, Discovery and Unknown stages are 1, 1, 3, 2, 7, 2 and 2 respectively. Similarly, the Universities portfolio in Phase III and Phase I stages comprises 1 and 1 molecules, respectively.

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) (Ophthalmology) pipeline guide helps in identifying and tracking emerging players in the market and their portfolios, enhances decision making capabilities and helps to create effective counter strategies to gain competitive advantage. The guide is built using data and information sourced from The Publisher's proprietary databases, company/university websites, clinical trial registries, conferences, SEC filings, investor presentations and featured press releases from company/university sites and industry-specific third party sources. Additionally, various dynamic tracking processes ensure that the most recent developments are captured on a real time basis.

Scope

Reasons to buy

Key Topics Covered:

Introduction

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Overview

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Therapeutics Development

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Therapeutics Assessment

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Companies Involved in Therapeutics Development

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Drug Profiles

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Dormant Projects

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (Leber Optic Atrophy) - Product Development Milestones

Appendix

Companies Mentioned

For more information about this drug pipelines report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/hp1wmj

Originally posted here:

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, 2019 - Pipeline Review, H2 - ResearchAndMarkets.com - Business Wire

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As a new decade and year are about to begin, professional forecasters are, of course, going through the exercise of guesstimating the future course of the markets and U.S. economy. From what Ive seen, theyre generally expecting the record-breaking U.S. expansion to continue at a middling 2% pace in 2020. Among the factors routinely listed as preventing faster growth is the demographics of aging: The rising ranks of retirement-age Americans, many experts say, is bad for the economy.

Theyre wrong. This timeworn economic dictum is not only outdated, it ignores changes in American society that are turning an aging population into more of an economic and social asset than ever. For evidence, take a look at the new report, The Longevity Economic Outlook by the Economist Intelligence Unit for AARP, an update of a 2013 AARP study.

Were still fighting some of the negative stereotypes about older Americans, says Debra Whitman, executive vice president and chief public policy officer at AARP. The Longevity Economy Outlook demonstrates the sheer magnitude of older Americans contributions to all of society.

Also on Forbes:

The new AARP report calculates the contribution to the U.S. economy of the 117.4 million Americans who are 50+ (35% of the population) at $8.3 trillion, or 40% of gross domestic product (GDP). Thats up from $7.1 trillion when AARP last looked in 2013. Put another way, if Americas 50+ population were its own country, its GDP would now be the worlds third largest, following the U.S. and China.

The studys projections to 2050 are equally illuminating, and Ill touch on a few striking figures in a moment. But broadly speaking, the report is a timely reminder that too much of the conversation about aging dwells on costs and burdens of older Americans, while voicing despair at the financing challenges of Social Security and Medicare. The popular image of growing old is too often pictured as years of chronic illness and mental decline as Shakespeare wrote, "sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything."

The Longevity Economic Outlook is just the latest analysis reframing the discussion about aging toward the economic and social possibilities created by greater longevity. The key questions such studies raise are: How can the nation best maximize the economic and social returns from longer, healthier lives? What private and public initiatives would improve the quality of work well into the retirement years, promote lifetime learning and training, boost the odds for successful late-life entrepreneurship and encourage business to imagine products and services geared toward engaged older adults?

While these questions have been floated around for years by reformers, its time to get urgent about embracing change.

Older adults are an increasingly powerful force as workers, consumers, entrepreneurs and active participants in their communities, says Paul Irving, chairman of the Milken Institute Center for the Future of Aging. But an aging population should not be feared. The rapid growth of the longevity economy offers new opportunities for innovation, employment and economic growth for people of all ages.

The recent Washington Innovation in Longevity Summit that my colleague Richard Eisenberg attended was filled with evidence of burgeoning interest by tech entrepreneurs and investors here and abroad to serve the 50+ market. Almost every week, I hear from people from another country saying: I want you to meet an entrepreneur or I have an investment fund for you to look at, said Mary Furlong, host of the summit.

Now, let me turn to the future of 50+ Americans, as the AARP report sees things:

While these gains are expected to be driven by businesses across the board, several fields in particular will do well, according to AARP, including financial services, insurance and health care.

The Economic Intelligence Unit, Bureau of Economic Analysis, REMI

Two other sets of numbers in the report are worth emphasizing and refute conventional wisdom that older Americans are a financial burden on the nation.

The Economist Intelligence Unit, Bureau of Labor Statistics, REMI

First, the tax contribution of the 50+ group is substantial. For example, the study says, the share of federal income taxes paid by the 50+ population amounted to 59% of the total income taxes paid in 2018, far above their share of the population Their portion of the federal tax total in 2050 is projected to rise to 65%. A similar dynamic holds on state and local levels.

The second figure of note is the estimated economic value of unpaid contributions. Those are things like caring for an aging parent, grandparents supporting grandchildren and volunteering. The AARP report puts the total value of this unpaid work at $745 billion in 2018.To put that in context, $745 billion is slightly more than total amount of Medicare benefits paid in 2018.

Perhaps most importantly, especially in an era when memes like OK Boomer manage to get an audience, is the theme of intergenerational benefits in the workplace and in society that runs throughout The Longevity Economic Outlook. Simply put, ideas for improving economic opportunities for older adults also boost prospects for younger generations (who, after all, will age, too).

Want the economy to grow faster than 2%? Then lets start encouraging older Americans to work longer if they can; welcome them into the workplace; treat them with respect and give them the opportunity to use their skills and experience for employers and to start their own businesses.

That will make them become an even more powerful force for rejuvenating the economy.

The rest is here:
The Longevity Economy: Gigantic And Getting Bigger - Forbes

Tom Brady leading the New England Patriots to the playoffs is a physical wonder at age 42. Its clear to anyone watching him suit up week after week. But its especially impressive to the guy with the locker immediately to Bradys right: Ben Watson.

On Thursday, Watson marveled when presented with the fact that Brady would be playing in his 41st career playoff games Saturday

Thats longer than some peoples career," Watson said. Thats amazing. Im sure he would downplay it, but thats special.

When it comes to longevity in the NFL, there are few who can appreciate what Bradys accomplished like Watson, who turned 39 earlier this season.

Brady has been fortunate to stay in the NFL this long, but Watson wants to make it clear: that sort of longevity doesnt happen by accident. Professional football players are often blessed with great genetics, Watson says, but it doesnt mean much without the will to hone that talent into something great on the field.

When it comes to Brady, few have matched the amount of effort put forth to stay in the game.

Hes put in a tremendous amount of work, physically, mentally, emotionally, to be able to keep doing it over and over and over again, Watson said. One people dont understand sometimes is the stress mentally that playing at this level has on you. A lot of guys, sometimes tap out while their bodies can still probably play. But mentally having to turn it on over and over and over again, under pressure, over and over again, for years after years, burns you out. So to have that competitive stamina that he has is really amazing."

Different guys react differently when it comes to the mental aspect of football. Brady is still going strong. But other guys dont stick around quite as long. Rob Gronkowski is the perfect example. The retired tight end has said he could probably still play in the league. However, he admits that he longer has the competitive fire to go back out there.

Watson said its been special to go out and play with a great leader like Brady in a second go-around -- a decade after his first stint in New England.

Hes the leader on this team, the leader of this organization and its going to be a joy for me to go out on the field with him," Watson said.

As the team head to the postseason, we could be facing the final game in a Patriots uniform for both Brady and Watson. Will either player stick around in New England -- or in the NFL? Its hard to tell at this point.

Brady and Watson have bested the test of time so far. But soon enough, the time to hang it up will come.

They say age is a number and thats kind of true, Watson said. But obviously we all have an expiration date -- of our lives in its entirety and also on our careers. But it doesnt mean you cant do great things as you get older in age and as you get outside whatever the norm is for pro sports and I think hes proven that.

Read more:
Tom Brady playing at 42 shows Patriots QBs amazing mental stamina on top of physical longevity, Ben Watson - MassLive.com

The Japanese triathlete demonstrates her use of mindfulness, visualisation and motivation, in the new Bridgestone Olympic Channel interactive experience.

As well as being a two-time Asian triathlon champion and an Asian Games gold medallist, Ai Ueda knows a thing or two about sports psychology.

Known as the 'Iron Girl' in Japan, she has competed in 200 International Triathlon Union (ITU) competitions, achieving 49 podium finishes and 29 wins.

As part of new Bridgestone Olympic Channel experience Olympic State of Mind, Ueda reveals the tools she uses to perform at her peak.

The goal of Olympic State of Mind is to help people to be the best version of themselves, through interviews with elite sports stars, informative articles, quizzes and interactive games.

Ueda's consistency over such a long career is what truly marks her out from her rivals.

The 36-year-old first competed in elite triathlon in 2003 and remains at the top of her game as she targets a fourth Olympic appearance at Tokyo 2020.

She told Olympic Channel, "I have three main things that act as my sources of motivation. The first one is to have a dream to achieve.

"The second is a smile. Always staying positive and having a smile on your face. The third is not having limits.

"I think if you put limits on yourself you stop yourself from growing to your full potential. For me, having ambition is massively important for personal growth." - Ai Ueda to Olympic Channel.

This season, Ueda defended her title on home soil at the Miyazaki ITU Triathlon World Cup, while also triumphing in Lima, Cape Town and Nur-Sultan.

Another common feature of Ueda's races is her constant ear-to-ear smile.

In a sport where athletes push themselves to their cardiovascular limits and are subject to external factors like the weather, imagining joy helps Ueda find her all-important race rhythm.

She said, "Visualise the joy you'll feel when you make it happen. Then keep a smile on your face in the good times and bad.

"Use that smile to turn the people offering support around you into allies. It's great when you can create this flow together and the people who were with you at each step can share in your victory."

However, it hasn't always been plain sailing for Ueda.

The Kyoto native went without an ITU World Cup win from 2016 to 2018, but came roaring back to the top of the podium through her use of motivation and visualisation.

"The Olympic State of Mind is what transforms you into the best version of yourself. I completely support this." - Ai Ueda to Olympic Channel

"To everyone out there chasing their dreams, I'd like to let you know what I think is important.

"It's probably going to be difficult to achieve your goals if you don't have personal faith in your own potential."

The interactive experience is now live on Olympic Channel.

Keep an eye out for the video clips, articles, quizzes and games for you to watch, read, and play, plus a special episode of the Olympic Channel Podcast.

Enjoyed this story? Share it with your friends!

Read the rest here:
Motivation and visualisation: The keys to Ai Ueda's longevity - Olympic Channel

File photo

Abstaining from food for 16 to 18 hours a day could be key to treating a variety of health conditions even if youve got to train yourself to push past the hunger.

A review of past animal and human studies in The New England Journal of Medicine suggests that intermittent fasting can reduce blood pressure, aid in weight loss and improve longevity.

The report functions as a road map of sorts for physicians to prescribe fasting as a method of prevention or treatment for obesity, cancer, diabetes and heart disease.

Study author Mark Mattson, a professor of neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University, hones in on two types: Daily time-restricted feeding (eating 6-8 hours a day and fasting for 16-18 hours) and 5:2 intermittent fasting (fasting two days a week, usually capping a fasting day at 500 calories).

The catch? Most Americans dont intermittently fast (the norm is three meals a day plus snacks) and thus physicians are less inclined to consider fasting a solution to a broad range of health conditions, according to the review.

Because the research is relatively new, the report advises physicians to monitor their patients throughout intermittent fasting and gradually increase the duration and frequency of fasting to guide their transition.

Intermittent fasting has been studied in rodents and overweight adults to improve health across the spectrum, though its not clear if those benefits are the result of weight loss.

Alternating between fasting and eating can improve cellular health, Mattson said, most likely by triggering metabolic switching. In metabolic switching, cells use up their fuel stores and convert fat to energy flipping a switch from fat-storing to fat-saving.

Findings on intermittent fasting range in the diets effectiveness, but some studies in animals and humans have linked the practice to longer lives, healthier hearts, and improved cognition.

The article points to the residents of Okinawa, known for their extreme longevity and low-calorie, nutrient-rich diet. Their intermittent fasting might contribute to their life spans and keep obesity at bay, the authors posited.

Intermittent fasting is thought to improve insulin resistance, which can stabilize blood sugar levels. Findings from a small 2018 study found that three men with type 2 diabetes, also known as adult-onset diabetes, were able to stop taking insulin after losing weight from intermittent fasting findings that clash with the widely-held belief that diabetes is incurable.

A previous study (that Mattson co-authored) showed the switch can increase resistance to stress by optimizing brain function and neuroplasticity, or the brains ability to adapt to develop throughout ones life. And older adults who were put on a restricted-calorie diet showed improved verbal memory compared to two other groups who hadnt fasted, a 2009 study found.

Physical function even improved for some patients. A study of young men who fasted every day for 16 hours lost fat and retained muscle while resistance training for two months.

The long-term effects of intermittent fasting require more research that isnt available yet, and the studies that do exist are narrow. The clinical trials focused on overweight young and middle-aged adults, so the benefits and safety cant be generalized to other groups, the authors said.

Another thing: Its a difficult diet to stick to, particularly in the United States, where the concept of three meals a day is so ingrained in our culture that a change in eating patterns often doesnt cross doctors or patients minds, Mattson wrote.

Itll almost definitely leave participants hungry, irritable and less able to concentrate, the study said.

Almost 40% of people who were assigned to a fasting diet dropped out of a 2017 JAMA study one of the drawbacks of intermittent fasting as a weight-loss regimen, Dr. Frank Hu, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at Harvard Universitys T.H. Chan School of Public Health, noted to Harvard Health Publishing.

Its human nature for people to want to reward themselves after doing very hard work, such as exercise or fasting for a long period of time, he said. So there is a danger of indulging in unhealthy dietary habits on non-fasting days.

When the brain is deprived of food, appetite hormones in the hypothalamus, the brains hunger center, are released in a flurry and can trigger overeating.

But Mattson said the pain is temporary.

Patients should be advised that feeling hungry and irritable is common initially and usually passes after two weeks to a month as the body and brain become accustomed to the new habit, he said.

By Scottie Andrew, CNN

View original post here:
Eating in a 6-hour window and fasting for 18 hours might help you live longer - KTVI Fox 2 St. Louis

Long life expectancy can be attributed to healthy eating, research suggests. As a general rule, a healthy, balanced diet should consist of at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day. It is also highly recommended to get enough exercise and the recommended amount is at least 150 minutes per week. When it comes to the particular food one should eat, what are five of the best?

The high life expectancy enjoyed in Japan is largely down to the nations healthy diet.

A 2016 study in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) found that Japanese adults who followed the recommended amount regarding food intake had lower rates of mortality than those who didnt.

The population of the island nation has the lowest mortality rates in the world.

In fact, Japanese people are more likely to reach 100 years old than anyone else in the world.

DONT MISS

What to eat on the Japanese diet?

The diet itself is high in certain carbohydrates, vegetables, fruits as well as fish and meat.

Such foods make for a diet low in saturated fats, processed foods and high in carbohydrates gained form both rice and vegetables.

Foods one should adopt include steamed rice, noodles, tofu, fish, natto, seaweed and fresh cooked fruits and vegetables low in added sugars and fats.

The diet may also contain a modest amount of eggs, dairy or meat. Many Japanese also follow a healthy exercise regime which boosts life expectancy too.

What have experts said?

Dr Craig Wilcox said: The Japanese have a low risk of arteriosclerosis and stomach cancer, a very low risk of hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast and prostate cancer.

"They eat three servings of fish a week, on average, with plenty of whole grains, vegetables and soy products too, more tofu and more kombu seaweed than anyone else in the world, as well as squid and octopus, which are rich in taurine that could lower cholesterol and blood pressure."

Link:
How to live longer: Following this diet has been proven to increase life expectancy - Express

Long life expectancy can be attributed to a persons diet - a healthy, balanced diet has been proven to improve longevity. Experts recommend eating at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day, basing meals on higher starchy foods like potatoes, bread and rice, having some dairy or dairy alternatives, eating some protein, choosing unsaturated oils and spreads, and drinking plenty of fluids.

But new research, published this week, has found the times of day a person eats holds the most benefits.

Dr Mark Mattson, a professor of neuroscience at John Hopkins University School of Medicine, in the US, has said intermittent fasting could be part of a healthy lifestyle."

Intermittent fasting diets usually involve daily time-restricted feeding, which narrows eating times to six to eight hours per day and so-called 5:2 intermittent fasting, in which people limit themselves to one moderate-sized meal two days each week.

A range of human and animal studies have shown that alternating between times of fasting and eating supports cellular health, probably by triggering an age-old adaptation to periods of food scarcity called metabolic switching.

READ MORE:Type 2 diabetes symptoms: How often do you go to the toilet? Warning sign of the condition

Such a switch occurs when cells use up their stores of rapidly accessible, sugar-based fuel, and begin converting fat into energy in a slower metabolic process.

Dr Mattson says studies have shown that this switch improves blood sugar regulation, increases resistance to stress and suppresses inflammation.

Because most Americans eat three meals plus snacks each day, they do not experience the switch, or the suggested benefits.

In an article in the New England Journal of Medicine, Dr Mattson said four studies in both animals and people found intermittent fasting also decreased blood pressure, blood lipid levels and resting heart rates.

DON'T MISS

Evidence is also mounting that intermittent fasting can cut risk factors associated with obesity and diabetes.

Studies also suggest intermittent fasting could boost brain health too.

Experts say people adopting intermittent fasting regimes should gradually increase the duration and frequency of the fasting periods over the course of several months, instead of "going cold turkey."

Many studies have highlighted the benefits of a vegetarian diet.

The authors of a large, long-term study concluded vegetarianism is associated with a reduced risk of ischemic heart disease.

The study featured in the British Medical Journal looked specifically at plant based diets and their effect on the risk of ischemic heart disease and also stroke.

As part of the study, scientists took data from 48,188 people whom they followed for an average of 18.1 years.

The participants who had an average age of 45 years at the start of the study had no history of ischemic heart disease or stroke.

They were then assigned to one of three groups:

Using food questionnaires, the researchers assessed their overall food intake and nutrient levels.

They also collected information about factors such as body mass index (BMI), height and blood pressure.

During the 18.1 years of follow-up there were 2,820 cases of ischemic heart disease and 1,072 cases of stroke.

After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, the analysis revealed both positive and negative relationships between cardiovascular health and reduced meat intake.

The rate of ischemic heart disease among pescatarians was 13 per cent lower than that of meat eaters, while vegetarians had a rate that was 22 per cent lower.

Putting this into perspective, the authors of the study explained: This difference was equivalent to 10 fewer cases of ischemic heart diseasein vegetarians than in meat eaters per 1,000 population over 10 years.

Read the original:
How to live longer: The best diet to increase life expectancy according to new study - Express

People everywhere will hit the gyms wither today or Thursday to hop on the fitness train.WLKY spoke with the owner of area Burn Boot Camps who is helping people set their goals. Charlie Judy said there are ways to set yourself up for success.He said to set small and attainable goals, focus on why you want better yourself and keep workouts fresh.Burn Boot Camp workouts are designed to keep people moving, keep them from getting bored and to see results."We have a different workout everyday," said owner Charlie Judy. "We appropriately mix it so you're getting your strength training, getting your cardio, you're hitting all the things you need to improve not just fitness and athleticism but also longevity and health and wellness."Click here for more information on Burn Boot camp.

People everywhere will hit the gyms wither today or Thursday to hop on the fitness train.

WLKY spoke with the owner of area Burn Boot Camps who is helping people set their goals.

Charlie Judy said there are ways to set yourself up for success.

He said to set small and attainable goals, focus on why you want better yourself and keep workouts fresh.

Burn Boot Camp workouts are designed to keep people moving, keep them from getting bored and to see results.

"We have a different workout everyday," said owner Charlie Judy. "We appropriately mix it so you're getting your strength training, getting your cardio, you're hitting all the things you need to improve not just fitness and athleticism but also longevity and health and wellness."

Click here for more information on Burn Boot camp.

Read the original:
Tips on how to meet your fitness goals in the new year - WLKY Louisville

Scientists from the University of Zurich and the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, as well as the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have come together to summarize recent evidence has challenged our working theory on the origin of life. Previously, scientists thought early life may have arisen from proteins or other chemical reactions important for life reacting in the hot soup of early Earth before there were actually cells. Then, it has been thought that these chemical reactions may have later been taken over by early cells.

However, long ago, after discovering large amounts of amino acids, DNA, and RNA on meteorites in our cosmic neighborhood, researchers again had to shift their train of thought. This paper explained that experiments that mimicked the temperature, acidity, pressure, and energy of an Early earth provided evidence that life may have come from random assortments of RNA and other small molecules. Then, the authors continued, a hypothesis was developed that RNA may have been the primordial first lifeform which took shape on our planet and may have already formed on others. The authors claim that this led to this most recent and widely accepted theory: our world may have been a RNA world at one point in its development; one in which life was composed of a few self-reproducing RNA molecules that worked to spread information as rapidly as possible and combined with amino acids to make proteins which could assist it. The problem with this idea is that researchers are still struggling to engineer RNA molecules that create themselves; a necessary condition if RNA is to reproduce and be able to evolve. Enter the viroid viroids are, essentially, a piece of RNA that can copy itself. Viroids can also insert themselves into a hosts DNA using normal cell processes.

A study highlighted in this article attempted to imitate RNA. Researchers showed that, in solutions of rich in salts and sugars, RNA can spontaneously regrow quite rapidly. These molecules were able to reproduce across 74 generations. From looking at how the sequences changed over these generations, it was determined that viroids replicated fast and continually became smaller and smaller strands of RNA.

The authors conclude that, given what we know about viroids, the idea of a viroid-first origin-of-life theory should be seriously considered, though there is not yet enough evidence to be confident. The good news is that detecting small organic molecules and viroid particles in the depths of space and below the surface of other planets is a lot easier to do than finding evidence to support other origin of life theories, since this theory uses techniques and science that are already familiar to biologists. Genetic engineers are still struggling to create self-copying RNA outside of a viroid-like model and proteins and metabolic chemicals havent turned up in our observations of the space beyond our solar system.

Evidence of organic molecules such as pieces of RNA, DNA, and proteins have been found on recent meteorites. This demonstrates that space already has the conditions to allow for these chemical reactions to take place beyond Earth. The authors suggest that the beginning of life must have been simple, and the search for signatures of viruses, viroids, and small RNA and the modeling of these life forms may be where we need to turn our attention next to answer the questions about life in our Universe.

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How Colds Are Unlocking Secrets About Life on Other Planets - Sciworthy

DUBLIN, Jan. 3, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- The "The Human Microbiome Market: Focus on Therapeutics (including gut-brain axis targeting drugs), Diagnostics and Fecal Microbiota Therapies (3rd Edition), 2019-2030" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

This report features an extensive study of the current market landscape, offering an informed opinion on the likely adoption of microbiome-based medical products (including therapeutics, diagnostics and FMTs), over the next decade. The report features an in-depth analysis, highlighting the diverse capabilities of stakeholders engaged in this domain.

One of the key objectives of the report was to estimate the existing market size and identify the future opportunity for microbiome therapeutics, diagnostics and FMTs, over the next decade. The research, analyses and insights presented in this report are based on revenue generation trends based on the sales of approved / late stage (estimated) microbiome therapeutics, diagnostic products and FMTs.

The report also features the likely distribution of the current and forecasted opportunity within microbiome therapeutics market across:

In addition, it also features the likely distribution of the current and forecasted opportunity within microbiome diagnostics market across:

In addition to other elements, the study includes:

In order to account for the uncertainties associated with the growth of microbiome market and to add robustness to our model, we have provided three market forecast scenarios, namely conservative, base and optimistic scenarios, representing different tracks of the industry's growth.

Key Topics Covered

1. PREFACE1.1. Scope of the Report1.2. Research Methodology1.3. Chapter Outlines

2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3. INTRODUCTION3.1. Chapter Overview3.2. Concept of Microbiota and Microbiome3.3. Overview of Gut Flora3.4. The Microbiome and Disease3.5. Impact of Microbiota on Drug Pharmacokinetics3.6. Impact of Microbiota on Therapeutic Outcomes3.7. Microbiome Therapeutics3.8. The Human Microbiome Project (HMP)3.9. Regulatory Guidelines for Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs)3.10. Key Challenges in the Development of Microbiome Therapeutics3.11. Future Perspectives

4. MICROBIOME THERAPEUTICS: MARKET LANDSCAPE4.1. Chapter Overview4.2. Microbiome Therapeutics: Clinical Pipeline4.3. Microbiome Therapeutics: Early-Stage Pipeline4.4. Microbiome Therapeutics: List of Drug Developers4.5. Microbiome Therapeutics: List of Discontinued Drugs4.6. Emerging Role of Microbiome in Gut-Brain Axis4.7. Microbiome Therapeutics: List of Technology Platforms

5. COMPANY AND DRUG PROFILES5.1. Chapter Overview5.2. 4D Pharma5.3. Armata Pharmaceuticals5.4. Evelo Biosciences5.5. Rebiotix (Acquired by Ferring Pharmaceuticals)5.6. Seres Therapeutics5.7. Vedanta Biosciences

6. MICROBIOME DIAGNOSTICS: MARKET LANDSCAPE6.1. Chapter Overview6.2. Overview of Microbiome Diagnostic Tests6.3. Microbiome Diagnostic Tests: Marketed and Under Development Products6.4. Microbiome Diagnostic Tests: List of Diagnostic Developers6.5. Profiles of Prominent Diagnostic Developers6.6. Overview of Microbiome Screening / Profiling Tests

7. FECAL MICROBIOTA THERAPY (FMT)7.1. Chapter Overview7.2. Introduction to FMT7.3. Historical Overview7.4. FMT: Procedure and Clinical Relevance7.5. Regulatory Guidelines Related to FMT7.6. Insurance Coverage for FMT7.7. FMT: Competitive Landscape7.8. Clinical Trial Analysis (Non-Industry Sponsored)7.9. Stool Banks

8. ATTRACTIVENESS COMPETITIVENESS (AC) MATRIX8.1. Chapter Overview8.2. AC Matrix: An Overview8.3. AC Matrix: Analytical Methodology8.4. AC Matrix: Plotting the Information8.5. AC Matrix: Analyzing the Data8.6. Concluding Remarks

9. MICROBIOME RELATED INITIATIVES OF BIG PHARMACEUTICAL PLAYERS9.1. Chapter Overview9.2. Scope and Methodology9.3. Initiatives of Big Pharmaceutical Players9.4. Benchmark Analysis of Big Pharmaceutical Players

10. START-UP HEALTH INDEXING10.1. Chapter Overview10.2. Scope and Methodology10.3. Benchmark Analysis of Start-ups

11. KEY THERAPEUTIC AREAS11.1. Chapter Overview11.2. Metabolic Disorders11.3. Digestive and Gastrointestinal Disorders11.4. Oncological Indications11.5. Dermatological Disorders11.6. Infectious Diseases

12. FUNDING AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS12.1. Chapter Overview12.2. Types of Funding12.3. Microbiome Therapeutics and Diagnostics: List of Funding and Investments12.4. Concluding Remarks

13. CONTRACT SERVICES FOR MICROBIOME THERAPEUTICS13.1. Chapter Overview13.2. Manufacturing Microbiome Therapeutics13.3. Microbiome Therapeutics-related R&D13.4. Key Considerations for Selecting a Suitable CMO / CRO Partner

14. BIG DATA AND MICROBIOME THERAPEUTICS14.1. Chapter Overview14.2. Introduction to Big Data14.3. Internet of Things14.4. Growing Interest in Big Data: Google Trends Analysis14.5. Key Application Areas14.6. Big Data in Microbiome Research14.7. Big Data Services for Microbiome Research: List of Companies14.8. Big Data Services for Microbiome Research: Profiles of Key Players

15. MICROBIOME THERAPEUTICS: MARKET FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS15.1. Chapter Overview15.2. Scope and Limitations15.3. Forecast Methodology15.4. Overall Microbiome Therapeutics Market, 2019-203015.5. Microbiome Therapeutics Market: Distribution by Leading Therapeutic Products, 2019-2030

16. MICROBIOME DIAGNOSTICS: MARKET FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS16.1. Chapter Overview16.2. Scope and Limitations16.3 Forecast Methodology16.4. Overall Microbiome Diagnostics Market, 2019-203016.5. Microbiome Diagnostics Market: Distribution by Target Indications, 2019-203016.6. Microbiome Diagnostics Market: Distribution by Therapeutic Areas, 2019-203016.7. Microbiome Diagnostics Market: Distribution by Supply Channel, 2019-203016.8. Microbiome Diagnostics Market: Distribution by Key Geographical Regions, 2019-2030

17. FECAL MICROBIOTA THERAPIES: MARKET FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS17.1. Chapter Overview17.2. Scope and Limitations17.3. Forecast Methodology17.4. Overall FMT Market, 2019-203017.5. Overall Microbiome Market by Product Offerings, 2019-2030

18. CASE STUDY: MICROBIOME-BASED PRODUCTS IN OTHER INDUSTRIES18.1. Chapter Overview18.2. List of Microbiome Products in Other Industries18.3. Applications of Microbiome Based Products in Agriculture Industry18.4. Future Prospects

19. CONCLUDING REMARKS

20. EXECUTIVE INSIGHTS20.1 Chapter Overview20.2. Rebiotix20.3. S-Biomedic20.4. Whole Biome20.5. Siolta Therapeutics20.6. OpenBiome20.7 Assembly Biosciences20.8. List Biological Laboratories20.9. Metabiomics20.10. MicroBiome Therapeutics20.11. Universal Stabilization Technologies20.12. BiomX20.13. Da Volterra20.14. Chung Mei Pharmaceutical20.15. Pacific Northwest National Laboratories

21. APPENDIX I: TABULATED DATA

22. APPENDIX II: LIST OF COMPANIES AND ORGANIZATIONS

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/sakzqu

Research and Markets also offers Custom Research services providing focused, comprehensive and tailored research.

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Research and Markets Laura Wood, Senior Manager press@researchandmarkets.com

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Global Human Microbiome Markets (2019-2030), Drugs, Companies, Therapeutics, Diagnostics, Case Studies, Executive Insights, and More - PRNewswire

SUDBURY, Mass., Jan. 3, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --AtriumInnovations, a globally-recognized leader in the development, manufacturing, and commercialization of innovative, science-based nutritional health products, takes the next step in the company's mission to expand into personalized nutrition with the acquisition of San Francisco-based LivingMatrix.LivingMatrix, a technology-based, data and algorithm-driven personalized functional medicine platform, was designed by clinicians to help practitioners effectively evaluate and engage patients, create personalized, actionable care plans and track patient health outcomes.

"This exciting acquisition is reflective of the current mission and direction for Atrium Innovations, with support from Nestl Health Science, to expand our role in personalization within the medical professional and consumer spaces. The addition of LivingMatrix will allow us to take the next steps in leading the future of personalized health management," says Kyle Bliffert, President of Atrium Innovations. "Our goal is to further scale our personalization platform through integrating LivingMatrix with our existing PureGenomics platform and future healthcare provider patient management systems providing the most comprehensive solution in the industry."

"The addition of LivingMatrix to the Atrium Innovations growing personalized medicine portfolio will further elevate the way functional medicine practitioners and patients in our longstanding network view and use healthcare," adds Joy Devins, Chief Strategic Leader of Atrium Innovations.

"The launch of the LivingMatrixplatform has been a critical turning point for personalized and functional medicine and now, with the support of the Atrium Innovations and Nestl Health Science family, we look forward to breaking even more barriers," says Priya Kamani, Founder and CEO of LivingMatrix. "This partnership brings opportunities to scale the business and accelerate our ability to drive and support additional research studies to expand the evidence base for effectively addressing chronic conditions."

LivingMatrixis the latest acquisition for Nestl Health Science as part of the company's mission to lead the personalized nutrition sector into its next evolution. Their recent acquisition of Persona, a science-based proprietary technology which considers specific factors in a consumer's lifestyle, history and individual needs to develop a personalized vitamin program, was announced in August 2019. Persona's individualized assessments meet consumers' desires to find the right nutritional supplements for their unique needs. These personalized vitamin and supplement services are available to consumers through http://www.personanutrition.com. These strategic acquisitions will leverage Atrium Innovations' nearly 30-year industry expertise, bringing valuable insight from the company's network of medical professionals as well as professional brand development knowledge to the partnership.

"Through combining the strength of Persona's proprietary algorithm, the LivingMatrix data-driven technology and Atrium Innovation's leadership in the industry, we are creating an exciting future for personalized nutrition for professionals and consumers alike," says Bliffert.

For more information about Atrium Innovations, visit http://www.atrium-innovations.com.

About Nestl Health Science (NHSc)Nestl Health Science (NHSc), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nestl, is a globally recognized leader in the field of nutritional science. NHSc is committed to empowering healthier lives through nutrition for consumers, patients and their healthcare partners. The company offers an extensive consumer health portfolio of industry-leading medical nutrition, consumer and VMS brands that are science-based solutions covering all facets of health from prevention, to maintenance, all the way through to treatment. NHSc is redefining the approach to their management of health in several key areas such as pediatric health, allergy, acute care, oncology, metabolic health, healthy aging, gastrointestinal health, and inborn errors of metabolism. Headquartered in Switzerland, NHSc employs over 5,000 people around the world, who are committed to making a difference in people's lives, for a healthier today and tomorrow. For more information, visit https://www.nestlehealthscience.com.

About Atrium Innovations Atrium Innovations is a recognized innovative leader in the development, manufacturing, and commercialization of science-based nutritional and supplement health products. The company's mission is to be a global leader in vitamins, minerals and supplements, offering free form science based nutritional solutions through healthcare professionals. Its brands and business model are complementary with Nestl Health Science, its parent company, offering science-based nutritional solutions for consumers, patients, doctors, nurses and other partners in healthcare. Atrium Innovations Professional brands include Pure Encapsulations, Douglas Laboratories, Genestra BrandsTM, KLEAN Athlete, PharmaxTM, and Wobenzym.

About LivingMatrixLivingMatrix is the leading cloud-based, clinician-designed, outcomes-focused personalized medicine platform, helping over 600 practices in 22 countries engage in high-quality, personalized, therapeutic partnerships to address chronic conditions at scale effectively. LivingMatrix has partnered with the Institute for Functional Medicine and helps practitioners deliver a unique engagement process utilizing the Timeline and Matrix tools, and validated, patient-reported outcomes measures that provide a comprehensive assessment of a patient's health and objective tracking of patient progress. The result is a faster time to life-changing outcomes for the patient and an increase in referrals and growth for the practice. Learn more at https://livingmatrix.com

About Persona Persona combines therapeutic levels of nutritional support and a uniquely personalized vitamin program to deliver customized nutrition to subscriber's doorsteps. Based on science and using the highest-quality bioavailable ingredients, Persona's online assessment is built from its proprietary algorithm, which factors individual needs, lifestyle and prescription medications to deliver a recommendation as unique as the patient providing 5 trillion different recommendations. https://www.personanutrition.comInstagram:@personanutrition

Media Contact:Ashley HughesRLA Collective, a Ruder Finn Company(914) 241-0086, ext. 1014Ashley.Hughes@RLACollective.com

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Nutritional health products EMPOWERING HEALTHIER LIVES

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Atrium Innovations to Further Scale the Future of Personalized Nutrition with the Acquisition of LivingMatrix - PRNewswire

A multiple myeloma expert helps newly diagnosed patients understand the standard of care for their disease.

Richter, an assistant professor of medicine at the Tisch Cancer Institute at the Ichan School of Medicine in Mt. Sinai Hospital located in New York City, noted that there are always exceptions to this rule, but the standard of care is to keep patients with multiple myeloma to continue therapy long term.

This standard of care, however, presents unique challenges and questions for newly diagnosed patients about to undergo treatment. In an interview during the 2019 CURE Educated Patient Summit on Multiple Myeloma in Charlotte, North Carolina, Richter had the chance to address the key aspects of a multiple myeloma diagnosis and how he addresses common questions from patients.

CURE: What does transplant eligible and transplant ineligible mean for patients?

Richter: The notion of transparent eligibility in the U.S. is not clearly defined. One of the people who trained me used to say, Do the patients have the tiger? relating back to Rocky, and essentially what this means is people who are younger tend to be more eligible. So, are you able to undergo the intensive nature of that procedure and chemotherapy?

If you're younger and healthier, you're generally transplant eligible. As you get older, with more medical problems, it becomes more of a risk. Everything in medicine from a Tylenol to a transplant has a risk and benefit. If you are 105 years old and had a heart attack last week, you're not going to be eligible. If you're 40 and otherwise healthy, you're eligible and everywhere in between is an evaluation of risks and benefits.

How would you describe the standard of care for patients with multiple myeloma?

In general, the standard of care is to attempt to get people onto three drugs. The three drugs usually mean a steroid, and then either an immunomodulatory drug, a proteasome inhibitor or a monoclonal antibody, and using those different combinations to come up with two or three-drug combinations, and actually in some cases four-drug combinations.

The general discussion of which one makes sense is we generally try to put some on a three-drug combination and the two most common ones now VRd (Velcade, Revlimid, and dexamethasone) is really a very big standard approach. There's some really wonderful, emerging data from the MAIA study, looking at taking Revlimid and dexamethasone and adding Darzalex (daratumumab) as a three-drug regimen for people who are not going on to transplant and some of that data looks amazing.

But for the most part, the precision that we use has to do not so much with the tumor but with the patient. Meaning for some diseases, the precision in the upfront setting is we look at a genetic marker and we target that. But for myeloma our upfront choice of therapy is saying, what are your comorbidities? What are your risks? For someone who has neuropathy, we may avoid Velcade. Someone has heart issues, we may avoid carfilzomib (Kyprolis) and if someone has difficult coming back and forth for long infusions, we may avoid Darzalex. So, most of the precision that we use is custom tailoring it not necessarily to the disease upfront, although that's part of it, but also to the patient.

What is the role of stem cell transplantation in treating patients with multiple myeloma?

The role of transplant is constantly evolving in myeloma. A generation ago, when we didn't have very good drugs, transplant was clearly the best thing to do because we didn't have good medicines. Transplant was the only way to get deep and durable remissions. Nowadays that we have such better therapies and even better ones along the way, it's being called into question about how much do we still need transplant. And it's a case by case basis, some people still clearly benefit from transplant.

It's an important discussion to have with your provider. But the risks have been well established for many years and we know how to manage them very well. Although there are risks for it, they're generally consolidated into a couple weeks to a couple of months, as opposed to being on long term treatment that can have ongoing risk of side effects. So, yes, they may be higher, but it's usually for a self-contained amount of time.

It's still a very important tool in our armamentarium to treat patients. Now, that being said, the majority of patients in the United States do not receive autologous transplant, so only about 30% and part of the reason has to do with the age of patients. The average age of a myeloma patient in the U.S. is 69, and many people in their 70s and 80s have other medical problems that make them not eligible for transplant.

There are some socioeconomic reasons, as well as referral patterns and access to care. I live in New York City, you can throw a rock and hit a transplant center, but there are parts of the country where the closest transplant center is hours and hours and hours away. And if you are older, sick or don't have easy transportation, it may be more difficult. So, many people do not receive transplant. However, many people nowadays may not even need it because our drugs have gotten so much better.

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Understanding the Key Aspects of a Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis - Curetoday.com

Brain imaging of pathological tau-protein tangles reliably predicts the location of future brain atrophy in Alzheimers patients a year or more in advance, according to a new study by scientists at the UC San Francisco Memory and Aging Center. In contrast, the location of amyloid plaques, which have been the focus of Alzheimers research and drug development for decades, was found to be of little utility in predicting how damage would unfold as the disease progressed.

The results, published Jan. 1, 2020, in Science Translational Medicine, support researchers growing recognition that tau drives brain degeneration in Alzheimers disease more directly than amyloid protein, and at the same time demonstrates the potential of recently developed tau-based PET (positron emission tomography) brain imaging technology to accelerate Alzheimers clinical trials and improve individualized patient care.

The match between the spread of tau and what happened to the brain in the following year was really striking, said neurologist Gil Rabinovici, MD, the Edward Fein and Pearl Landrith Distinguished Professor in Memory and Aging and leader of the PET imaging program at the UCSF Memory and Aging Center. Tau PET imaging predicted not only how much atrophy we would see, but also where it would happen. These predictions were much more powerful than anything weve been able to do with other imaging tools, and add to evidence that tau is a major driver of the disease.

Alzheimers researchers have long debated the relative importance of amyloid plaques and tau tangles two kinds of misfolded protein clusters seen in postmortem studies of patients brains, both first identified by Alois Alzheimer in the early 20th century. For decades, the amyloid camp has dominated, leading to multiple high-profile efforts to slow Alzheimers with amyloid-targeting drugs, all with disappointing or mixed results.

Many researchers are now taking a second look at tau protein, once dismissed as simply a tombstone marking dying cells, and investigating whether tau may in fact be an important biological driver of the disease. In contrast to amyloid, which accumulates widely across the brain, sometimes even in people with no symptoms, autopsies of Alzheimers patients have revealed that tau is concentrated precisely where brain atrophy is most severe, and in locations that help explain differences in patients symptoms (in language-related areas vs. memory-related regions, for example).

No one doubts that amyloid plays a role in Alzheimers disease, but more and more tau findings are beginning to shift how people think about what is actually driving the disease, explained Renaud La Joie, PhD, a postdoctoral researcher in Rabinovicis In Vivo Molecular Neuroimaging Lab, and lead author of the new study. Still, just looking at postmortem brain tissue, it has been hard to prove that tau tangles cause brain degeneration and not the other way around. One of our groups key goals has been to develop non-invasive brain imaging tools that would let us see whether the location of tau buildup early in the disease predicts later brain degeneration.

Despite early misgivings that tau might be impossible to measure in the living brain, scientists recently developed an injectable molecule called flortaucipir currently under review by the FDA which binds to misfolded tau in the brain and emits a mild radioactive signal that can be picked up by PET scans.

Rabinovici and collaborator William Jagust, MD, of UC Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, have been among the first to adopt tau PET imaging to study the distribution of tau tangles in the normally aging brain and in a smaller cross-sectional study of Alzheimers patients. Their new study represents the first attempt to test whether tau levels in Alzheimers patients can predict future brain degeneration.

La Joie recruited 32 participants with early clinical stage Alzheimers disease through the UCSF Memory and Aging Center, all of whom received PET scans using two different tracers to measure levels of amyloid protein and tau protein in their brains. The participants also received MRI scans to measure their brains structural integrity, both at the start of the study, and again in follow-up visits one to two years later.

The researchers found that overall tau levels in participants brains at the start of the study predicted how much degeneration would occur by the time of their follow up visit (on average 15 months later). Moreover, local patterns of tau buildup predicted subsequent atrophy in the same locations with more than 40 percent accuracy. In contrast, baseline amyloid-PET scans correctly predicted only 3 percent of future brain degeneration.

Seeing that tau buildup predicts where degeneration will occur supports our hypothesis that tau is a key driver of neurodegeneration in Alzheimers disease, La Joie said.

Notably, PET scans revealed that younger study participants had higher overall levels of tau in their brains, as well as a stronger link between baseline tau and subsequent brain atrophy, compared to older participants. This suggests that other factors likely other abnormal proteins or vascular injuries may play a larger role in late-onset Alzheimers, the researchers say.

The results add to hopes that tau-targeting drugs currently under study at the UCSF Memory and Aging Center and elsewhere may provide clinical benefits to patients by blocking this key driver of neurodegeneration in the disease. At the same time, the ability to use tau PET to predict later brain degeneration could enable more personalized dementia care and speed ongoing clinical trials, the authors say.

One of the first things people want to know when they hear a diagnosis of Alzheimers disease is simply what the future holds for themselves or their loved ones. Will it be a long fading of memory, or a quick decline into dementia? How long will the patient be able to live independently? Will they lose the ability to speak or get around on their own? These are questions we cant currently answer, except in the most general terms, Rabinovici said. Now, for the first time, this tool could let us give patients a sense of what to expect by revealing the biological process underlying their disease.

Rabinovici and his team also anticipate that the ability to predict future brain atrophy based on tau PET imaging will allow Alzheimers clinical trials to quickly assess whether an experimental treatment can alter the specific trajectory predicted for an individual patient, which is currently impossible due to the wide variability in how the disease progresses from individual to individual. Such insights could make it possible to adjust dosage or switch to a different experimental compound if the first treatment is not affecting tau levels or altering a patients predicted trajectory of brain atrophy.

Tau PET could be an extremely valuable precision medicine tool for future clinical trials, Rabinovici said. The ability to sensitively track tau accumulation in living patients would for the first time let clinical researchers seek out treatments that can slow down or even prevent the specific pattern of brain atrophy predicted for each patient.

Authors: La Joie is corresponding author on the study; Rabinovici is senior author. Additional authors on the study are Adrienne V. Visani, Jesse A. Brown, Viktoriya Bourakova, Jungho Cha, Kiran Chaudhary, Lauren Edwards, Leonardo Iaccarino, Orit Lesman-Segev, Zachary Miller, David C. Perry, Julie Pham, Julio C. Rojas, Howard J. Rosen, William W. Seeley, Richard M. Tsai, and Bruce L. Miller, all of UCSF; Suzanne L. Baker, Mustafa Janabi, and James P. ONeil, of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); and Jagust, of LBNL and UC Berkeley.

Funding: The study was supported by the Alzheimers Association (AARF-16-443577), the National Institute on Aging (NIA) of the US National Institutes of Health (R01-AG045611, P50-AG023501, P01-AG19724), the Tau Consortium, and an Alzheimers Disease Research Center of California grant (04-33516) from the California Department of Health Services.

Disclosures: Rabinovici receives research support from Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, GE Healthcare, and Life Molecular Imaging, and has received consulting fees or speaking honoraria from Axon Neurosciences, Roche, Eisai, Genentech, Merck. La Joie reports no conflicts of interest. See study online for a full list of conflict of interest disclosures.

The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) is exclusively focused on the health sciences and is dedicated to promoting health worldwide through advanced biomedical research, graduate-level education in the life sciences and health professions, and excellence in patient care.UCSF Health, whichserves as UCSFs primary academic medical center, includestop-ranked specialty hospitalsandother clinical programs,and has affiliations throughout the Bay Area.

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Alzheimer 'Tau' Protein Far Surpasses Amyloid in Predicting Toll on Brain Tissue - UCSF News Services

National level developments

Malaysia Health Minister Datuk Seri Dr Dzulkefly Ahmad has said back in November 2018 that the Ministry of Health is committed to ensuring that the electronic medical record system (EMR) can be realised within three years at 145 hospitals nationwide. He estimated that it would cost up to RM1.5B to implement an EMR system for the 145 hospitals nationwide in Malaysia over the next five years, HealthcareIT News reported in July 2019. While there has been quite a lot of buzz about the nation-wide EMR implementation in the country, there seems to be a lack of concrete developments in the discussion and execution of the said EMR system, something that we hope to see more of in 2020.

Vietnam, on the other hand, has gone ahead and deployed their nationwide EHR in July last year, with 24 provinces implementing EHRs. Australias My Health Record (MHR) has a participation rate of 90% and the Australian Digital Health Agency (ADHA), which is in charge of MHR, has been working with software vendors to improve the functionality of the MHR.

At the HIMSS AsiaPac19 conference in October 2019, the HIMSS Thailand National Digital Healthcare Workforce Development Initiative (WDI) was officially launched. This Initiative sees the development of a three-year work plan to address the demand of patients for digital healthcare services in light of the Thailand 4.0 digitization journey, as well as healthcare tourism being one of the key economy drivers.

As part of the HIMSS Thailand National Digital Healthcare WDI, HIMSS also announced its intention to enter into a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with True Digital Group, a subsidiary of True Corporation, a leading communications conglomerate in Thailand, to create a HIMSS Digital Health Centre @ True Digital Park, which is slated to be launched in early 2020.

Singapores Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Heng Swee Kiat announced in November 2019 a national Artificial Intelligence (AI) strategy to transform Singapores economy and improve the lives of citizens. In terms of healthcare, the emphasis of the national AI strategy will be on chronic disease management and prevention. This includes the deployment of the Singapore Eye Lesion Analyzer, Selena+, a system which analyzes retinal photographs across the nation for diabetes screening by 2022.

Much ado about AI and its applications in healthcare

During the panel discussion on the current and future developments of AI at the HIMSS Singapore eHealth & Health 2.0 Summit in April 2019, Dr Ngiam Kee Yuan, GCTO, NUHS, observed that AI technologies in healthcare are slightly overhyped but in terms of real adoption, there needs to be factors like a really mature EHR system, good data streams, finding ways to deploy these AI technologies and training doctors to buy in into using these technologies. Simply put, good AI technology implementation in healthcare cannot just happen in a vacuum.

AI (in healthcare) needs to be human-centric and this sentiment is agreed upon by panelists at the Innofest Unbound conference in Singapore. A lot of radiologists are already using Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) for mammography and it has been happening for some time. So the idea is for us as a tech startup to pursue what we call human-centric AI. We try to make AI as explainable as possible and we always want humans to be involved in the whole process, said Dr Reid Lim, founder of MEDGIC, a startup which utilizes AI to detect skin conditions.

Cybersecurity risks still prevalent

Despite being more advanced than its neighbors in APAC, Singapore was hit by another healthcare cybersecurity incident in February 2019, which saw the leak of confidential information regarding 14,200 individuals diagnosed with HIV. Ransomware attacks hit hospitals and health services in Victoria, Australia in October 2019 and some facilities have had to revert to manual systems to maintain services.

Richard Staynings, Chief Security Strategist, Cylera said in an HealthcareIT News interview that healthcare compliance does not equal to security and the industry needs to adopt a risk-based approach to security based upon assets rather than controls.

2020 predictions?

The introduction of more user-friendly, less costly and accurate Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices, combined and complemented with advanced analytics, will take healthcare to the next level of value-driven care and personalized medicine, said Benedict Tan, Group Chief Digital Strategy Officer, SingHealth and Chairperson, Organizing Committee, HIMSS AsiaPac 20 Conference.

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HIT-related developments in APAC A 2019 Overview - Healthcare IT News

How does the brain work? What is the connection between its structure and its functioning? A team of Israeli scientists from the Technion Institute of Technology, in cooperation with colleagues from the US and France, has managed to demonstrate the significance of personalized brain models, which could have a meaningful impact in the field of personalized medicine.In an academic article published Thursday in PNAS, the official journal of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, the group demonstrated that the individual map of structural neural connections, which are the physical links between regions, predicts the individual functional connectivity patterns, namely, how neural activity is spreading in the brain.As explained in a statement, the researchers took advantage of mice studies to "systematically investigate the informative content of different structural features in explaining the emergence of the functional ones."They employed structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to scan mice's brains, then built a virtual model of their brain and tried to simulate their functional organization based on the structural connectivity, finally comparing it to the results of functional MRI on the same mice.With this study, the scientists were able to demonstrate that individual variations define a specific structural fingerprint with a direct impact upon the functional organization ofindividual brains. This finding will potentially support future clinical trials focusing on personalized treatments in brain disorders such as epilepsy, depression and Alzheimers disease, in which the virtual brain may predict treatment outcome in individual patients.The study was conducted by Professor Itamar Kahn, director of the Brain Systems Organization in Health and Disease Lab at Technion. Graduate students Eyal Bergmann and Francesca Melozzi were lead co-authors. Kahn's work focuses on investigating brain function and behavior in health and disease. As explained in the American Technion Society's website, his research has applications for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's and neurodevelopmental disorders including autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

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Israeli scientists shed new light on how the brain functions - The Jerusalem Post

What happened

Several top Canadian marijuana stocks soared by double-digit percentages on Tuesday. Shares of Aurora Cannabis (NYSE: ACB) were up by 12.3% as of 3:08 p.m. EST. Canopy Growth (NYSE: CGC) stock was jumping 12.1%. Tilray's (NASDAQ: TLRY) gain for the day was in the same ballpark, with shares up 12.5%. Aphria (NYSE: APHA) lagged behind slightly, with the stock rising 10.6%.

Two of the biggest winners, though, were Cronos Group (NASDAQ: CRON) and Sundial Growers (NASDAQ: SNDL), with shares vaulting 16.8% and 22.6% higher, respectively.

What lit a fire beneath these Canadian marijuana stocks on the last day of 2019? There wasn't any major news today. Probably the biggest factor behind today's spike is that the Cannabis 2.0 market for cannabis derivative products is picking up steam. Most of the stocks that jumped also have double-digit short percentages of shares outstanding, so any upward movement can result in short-sellers closing out their positions, contributing to even greater increases in share prices.

Image source: Getty Images.

All of the big marijuana stocks with big moves today have taken a shellacking in 2019, with the exception of Aphria, which fell only slightly during the year. The lack of an adequate retail infrastructure, particularly in Ontario, has presented a major obstacle for Canadian cannabis producers. However, the year is ending on a positive note; Ontario is taking steps to open more retail stores at the same time the Cannabis 2.0 market is shifting into gear.

There's a good reason for investors to be optimistic about the potential for these stocks in the Cannabis 2.0 market. Professional services organization Ernst & Young projects the market could reach close to 6 billion Canadian dollars by 2025.

It's still very early, though. Today's jump stems from anticipation and hopes, instead of hard sales numbers. Still, many investors could be justified in thinking that the 2019 sell-off for Canadian pot stocks could have been overdone, in light of the improving environment that should be on the way in 2020.

Watch for reports of how well sales in the Cannabis 2.0 market are going early in the new year. Aphria will be the first major Canadian cannabis producer to announce earnings results, on Jan. 14, 2020. Although those results are for the quarter ending in November and won't include any Cannabis 2.0 sales, the company's management could provide some insight into how the launch of its new products is going.

Here's The Marijuana Stock You've Been Waiting ForA little-known Canadian company just unlocked what some experts think could be the key to profiting off the coming marijuana boom.

And make no mistake it is coming.

Cannabis legalization is sweeping over North America 11 states plus Washington, D.C., have all legalized recreational marijuana over the last few years, and full legalization came to Canada in October 2018.

And one under-the-radar Canadian company is poised to explode from this coming marijuana revolution.

Because a game-changing deal just went down between the Ontario government and this powerhouse company...and you need to hear this story today if you have even considered investing in pot stocks.

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Keith Speights has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.

The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.

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Why Aurora Cannabis, Canopy Growth, and Other Top Canadian Marijuana Stocks Soared Today - Nasdaq

In 2020, AI could empower robotics with tools such as this Brain Bulder workspace. Source: Neurala

For the past decade, robotics has been one of the most interesting areas for developers, industry analysts, and startups to focus on. From emerging technologies and new applications to ongoing challenges, both innovators and entrepreneurs will have a lot to watch in 2020.

The Robot Report spoke with the following executives at robotics and artificial intelligence companies about their observations of 2019s trends, as well as their expectations for the new year:

Which technologies do you expect to mature the most in 2020, such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, 5G wireless networks, or autonomous vehicles?

Visti: In 2020, Industry 4.0 will become more of a reality than a vision. Smart machines keep getting smarter as they get access to more data, and they keep getting better at connecting to other machines and systems, and therefore they become truly useful for manufacturers.

Thomas Visti, Mobile Industrial Robots

While many companies have been hesitant and seen Industry 4.0 as merely a buzzword, were starting to see connected supply chains where MES [manufacturing execution systems], robots, and picking systems are connected.

We also see the connectivity between robots and ERP [enterprise resource planning] systems within production environments.

The entire process from ordering to producing and then transporting goods can now be fully automated. Industry 4.0 is still evolving, and it will not reach its full potential in 2020, but we will see more companies adopting the enabling technologies. This will also influence the workforce, as we will see the same companies wanting to upskill their current workforce and recruit new employees with Industry 4.0 skills.

Versace: Well see more demand for AI that can be trained, deployed, and refined at the edge. 2019 has shown us that many organizations, robotics companies included, are saying No to giving up their data and having to ping the cloud.

I believe that in 2020, AI will need to live and learn at the edge, so that processing occurs where the data is being generated. As a result, robotics companies will see reduced latency problems while mitigating privacy issues and massive cloud fees for manufacturers.

Sudhir Jha, Brighterion

Jha:Enterprises will transition into deploying complex AI models in production at scale. So far, most AI applications are experiments but not in production, simple recommendation/prediction/regression models, or applied to smaller problems.

In 2020, we will see more enterprises getting bolder with their AI ambitions and requiring their vendors to support large deployments.

There will be be an acceleration from automation to autonomy, and AI will play the most crucial role in this. Also, robotics will move further from industrial arena to consumer arena, where they will act as personal coaches, instructors for children, conversational buddies for elders, and guides for the disabled.

Which market or application represents the biggest area of growth potential in 2020?

Visti: We expect to see an increase in the use of robotics in all our existing markets such as automotive, electronics, FMCG [fast-moving consumer goods], pharmaceuticals, and more.

There is still a huge focus on optimization, and with the lack of qualified workers, the need for automation across industries has never been higher.

We expect big growth in the use of AMRs by the 3PL [third-party logistics] segment, which has not been an early adopter of AMRs. In fact, our recent survey showed that only around 50% of 3PLs are currently considering automating internal logistics with AMRs. We expect to see this figure increase significantly in 2020 and the years ahead.

The hospital sector is also looking to automate internal transportation worldwide. For MiR, we have many customers within this segment in Scandinavia and China, but we expect it to grow even more.

Jha: Verticals like healthcare will see expanded AI-based applications, not only in the areas of diagnosis and personalized medicine, but also on the operational side like customer service, payment processing, and FWA (fraud, waste, and abuse).

How will trade conflicts or the slowdown in automotive manufacturing affect robotics in 2020?

Visti: While the automotive manufacturing market may have slowed, the latest statistics from the Robotic Industries Association actually shows what looks like an uptick in ordering of industrial robots by automotive OEMs, up 47% for 2019 over 2018.

Were also experiencing increased growth in that market and overall, with companies like Toyota and Ford purchasing fleets of our AMRs.

We expect this is due to these manufacturers realizing how automation can help fill difficult-to-fill jobs; increase overall productivity; and enable humans to focus on higher-skilled, higher-quality, and higher-paid tasks. These are all benefits that can lead to growth and new job opportunities, which could help turn the automotive industry back around.

Versace: We will always be faced with some degree of socioeconomic uncertainty around the world. In terms of manufacturing, possible decoupling of Chinese and Western economies may actually bolster manufacturing in the U.S. and make it less reliant on overseas production in the long run. This may indirectly boost robotic deployments in the U.S. and Europe.

But at Neurala, were focused on what we can control, which is first and foremost to provide robotics and other companies with an AI platform that they can apply to solve real-world challenges. Our Brain Builder platform is helping organizations accelerate the process of building, deploying, and analyzing AI so they can focus on improving visual inspections.

Related content: Industry experts provide more robotics predictions for 2020

What challenges and opportunities do you expect for AI in 2020?

Jha: As AI-based solutions become more mainstream across industries, we need to carve out a handful domain where our technology provides sustainable differentiation and allows us to be a leader.

We have focused on risk and compliance areas in financial services and are looking to diversify in other verticals. Also our strength in building mission-critical applications in highly regulated industries will serve us well to ensure data privacy and ethical use of AI which is a growing trend globally.

Max Versace, Neurala

Versace: Im thinking of 2020 as the Year of Productization and the Customer.

At Neurala, well continue to work with customers so that they can independently build and deploy custom AI applications for the real world.

Furthermore, AI products such as Brain Builder will enable customers with little or no expertise in AI to build an end-to-end application from scratch, on their proprietary data. This means that enterprises will no longer be restricted by their size or resources when it comes to implementing AI as a part of their business strategies.

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In 2020, AI to enable acceleration from automation to autonomy, say experts - Robot Report

According to the latest study conducted byMarket Growth Analysisthe global market for precision medicine is anticipate grow manifold, reflecting a robust CAGR of over XX% during 2018 to 2025.

Rapid augmentation of the medicine industry across the globe will certainly benefit the global market for precision medicine. In addition, factors such as growing infrastructural development, higher investments, streamlined drug approval systems along with companion diagnostics are expected to favor the overall market growth during the assessment period. Cost-effective DNA profiling and increasing prevalence of carcinogenic diseases worldwide are additional factors that are projected to propel the market growth. Moreover, apt storage of genome data is of great significance to the global market for precision medicine as demand for data medicare is on the rise. However, acute data storage capacity, data privacy breach and discrepancies in funding systems and hefty price tag of personalized drugs may deter the market growth in the near future.

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The global market for precision medicine has been categorized into various parent segments that are further segmented into smaller sub-divisions.

On the basis of technology, next-gen sequencing, bioinformatics and drug discovery technology are expected to be the technologies highlighting the expanding the market width in forthcoming years. Based on applications, the oncology segment is expected to witness an overwhelming growth and is estimated to reach US$ XX Billion over 2025, reflecting a staggering XX% CAGR. This is primarily owing to increasing prevalence of tumor-related disease amongst the global geriatric population. On the other hand, increasing cases of arthritis will favor the growth of immunology segment, which is expected to surpass US$ XX Million in revenues by 2025 end.

Vendor News

Key players operating in the global market for precision medicine include Eli Lilly And Company, Novartis AG, AstraZeneca and Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings. Most of the companies are implementing market strategies involving mergers, tie-ups and acquisitions. Increasing collaboration between healthcare and IT is expected to deliver fruitful gains to the market, expanding the overall business canvas for the stakeholders in the upcoming years.

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The popularity of precision medicine has grown significantly across various parts of the world, hence on the basis of region, the markets for precision medicine in Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa (MEA) is set to achieve new figures of growth over the next eight years. Precisely, the market in North America is expected to present new lucrative opportunities, occupying over XX% share of the market during the forecast period. In addition, the region is estimated to surpass a market valuation of over US$ XX Million by the end of 2025.

The US and Canada will be the heavyweights of the global market owing to the existence of well-established medical industries in both the countries. In Europe, the market is expected to witness a steady growth and will increase its revenues charts close to US$ XX Million, riding on a healthy CAGR of over XX% during the assessment period. This is largely due to the increasing demand for precision medicines in countries such as France, UK, Italy and Germany. The Asia Pacific region is another region which is considered to be full of business potentials. The region is projected to increase at over XX% CAGR to reach approximately US$ XX Million by 2025 end. The market in APAC will be heavily dominated by Japan, while, India and China will compete for the second spot. Likewise, the in Latin America the market is expected to surge at a pace in terms of revenue over 2025. However, MEA will witness a sluggish growth of the market which is attributed to the lack of initiatives for conductive extensive research and development activities.

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Precision Medicine Market to Restrict Revenue Growth During the Forecast Period 2025 Bulletin Line - Bulletin Line