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Suffering from arthritis? Youre not the only one since studies show that it affects over 10 million people in the U.K. Thankfully, you can help reduce your symptoms by adding certain fruits to your everyday diet.

Top Fruits That Could Help Ease Arthritis Symptoms

Affecting mostly the knee, hip, hands and feet joints, arthritis is a common condition all across the world and affects several age groups. In fact, statistics show that the chronic musculoskeletal disorder is the most common cause of disabilities in the U.S. Characterized by the involvement of all joint structures in our body, it usually gives joint pain, reduced participation in daily activities and a generally poorer quality of life for those who are suffering from it.

Fortunately, changing your diet and making healthier food choices can do a lot to help alleviate these symptoms. One such way is by eating nutrient-rich fruits. Here are some of the best ones that can help your condition:

Tart Cherries

Per the Arthritis Foundation, tart cherries get their red and vibrant color from the antioxidant anthocyanin, which has anti-inflammatory benefits that can help your joints. Theyre also incredibly tasty and can be enjoyed as a healthy snack to munch on instead of the usual processed sweets. "One study found that drinking tart cherry juice two times per day for three weeks resulted in considerable reductions in vital inflammation markers, especially for participants who had the highest inflammation levels at the start of the study," wrote the foundation.

Avocado

Essentially considered as a superfruit, avocados are easily available, cheap and host tons of health benefits. As for people suffering from arthritis, however, theyd be glad to know that avocados are filled with vitamin E, which is a macronutrient with anti-inflammatory capabilities that can help decrease the risk of joint damage thats usually seen in early stages of osteoarthritis.

Watermelon

Mostly made up of water, watermelons are not only refreshing but are also filled with the carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin, which helps reduce the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, the lycopene in watermelon also has anti-inflammatory effects and can contribute to heart health.

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Fruits To Eat To Reduce Arthritis Symptoms - MSN Money

New York, July 9, 2020: Market Research Engine has published a new report titled asSmall Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis MarketSize, By Product (Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Corticosteroids), By Region, Market Analysis Report, Forecast 2018-2024.

FYI, you will get latest updated report as per the COVID-19 Impact on this industry. Our updated reports will now feature detailed analysis that will help you make critical decisions.

Increasing ageing population and healthcare expenditure will expand the small molecule therapies for rheumatoid arthritis market size over the forecast time line. Rising investments in drug development program and drug discovery will further support in stimulating industry size. Stringent regulations related to efficacy in clinical development may affect the industry revenue generation till 2024.

Browse Full Report: https://www.marketresearchengine.com/small-molecule-therapies-for-rheumatoid-arthritis-market

Regulatory approvals for leflunomide and etanercept has led to various developments in the disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) which are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Of which leflunomide is a small molecule and non-biological DMARD, whose usage will support in promoting industry growth rate during the study period.

The small molecule therapies for rheumatoid arthritis market is segmented on the lines of its product and regional. The basis of product the market is segmented into Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Corticosteroids. The small molecule therapies for rheumatoid arthritis market on geographic segmentation covers various regions such as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of World. Each geographic market is further segmented to provide market revenue for selected countries such as the U.S., Canada, Germany, UK, France, Italy, China, India, Japan, Brazil, South Africa and others.

Competitive Rivalry

AbbVie, Amgen, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB Pharma are among the major players in the global small molecule therapies for rheumatoid arthritis market share. The companies are involved in several growth and expansion strategies to gain a competitive advantage. Industry participants also follow value chain integration with business operations in multiple stages of the value chain.

The Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market has been segmented as below:

The Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market is segmented on the lines of Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market, By Product and Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market, By Region.

Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market, By Product this market is segmented on the basis of Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Corticosteroids. Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market, By Region this market is segmented on the basis of North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Rest of World.

The report covers:

Report scope:

The scope of the report includes a detailed study of small molecule therapies for rheumatoid arthritis market with the reasons given for variations in the growth of the industry in certain regions.

The report covers a detailed competitive outlook including the market share and company profiles of the key participants operating in the global market. Key players profiled in the report include AbbVie, Amgen, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB Pharma. Company profile includes assigning such as company overview, product landscape, financial overview, and recent developments.

The top company reports are intended to provide our buyers with a snapshot of the industrys most influential players.

Reasons to Buy this Report:

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Table of Contents:

1. Introduction

2. Research Methodology

3. Executive Summary

4. Market Overview 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Drivers 4.2.1. Ageing population 4.2.2. Attrition of new small molecule drugs in RA clinical development 4.3. Restraints 4.3.1. High cost of RA drugs 4.3.2. Approval of the drug by regulatory authorities 4.4. Opportunities 4.4.1. Drug discovery and drug development program 4.4.2. Unmet medical need 4.5. Challenges 4.5.1. Need for rheumatologists 4.5.2. Market dominance by TNF-alpha inhibitors

5. Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market, By Product

6. Competitive Landscape

7. Company Profile 7.1. AbbVie 7.1.1. Company Overview 7.1.2. Product/Service Landscape 7.1.3. Financial Overview 7.1.4. Recent Developments 7.2. Amgen 7.2.1. Company Overview 7.2.2. Product/Service Landscape 7.2.3. Financial Overview 7.2.4. Recent Developments 7.3. Johnson & Johnson 7.3.1. Company Overview 7.3.2. Product/Service Landscape 7.3.3. Financial Overview 7.3.4. Recent Developments 7.4. Novartis 7.4.1. Company Overview 7.4.2. Product/Service Landscape 7.4.3. Financial Overview 7.4.4. Recent Developments 7.5. Pfizer 7.5.1. Company Overview 7.5.2. Product/Service Landscape 7.5.3. Financial Overview 7.5.4. Recent Developments 7.6. UCB Pharma 7.6.1. Company Overview 7.6.2. Product/Service Landscape 7.6.3. Financial Overview 7.6.4. Recent Developments

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Small Molecule Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Market to Register Impressive Growth Rate as Demand Rambles during Lockdown - Cole of Duty

Background:The concomitant presence of two autoimmune diseases systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the same patient is known as rhupus. We evaluated a group of patients with rhupus to clarify further their clinical, serological and immunogenic features in a multi-centre cohort. In addition, the study aimed to explore the utility of the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) SLE classification criteria in our group of patients with rhupus.

Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. We included rhupus patients from 11 different rheumatology departments, and compared them to SLE and RA patients at a ratio of 2:1. All information was recorded following a pre-established protocol.

Results:A total of 200 patients were included: 40 rhupus patients and 80 each of SLE and RA patients as controls. Disease duration was similar among SLE and rhupus groups (around 13 years), but the RA group had a significantly lower disease duration. Main clinical manifestations were articular (94.2%), cutaneous (77.5%) and haematological (72.5%). Rhupus patients had articular manifestations similar to those expected in RA. Only 10% of rhupus patients had renal involvement compared with 25% of those with SLE (p< 0.05), while interstitial lung disease was more common in patients affected by RA. The 2019 EULAR/ACR SLE criteria were met in 92.5% of the rhupus patients and in 96.3% of the SLE cohort (p> 0.05). Excluding the joint domain, there were no differences between the numbers of patients who met the classification criteria.

Conclusion:Rhupus patients follow a particular clinical course, with full expression of both SLE and RA in terms of organ involvement, except for a lower prevalence of kidney affection. The new 2019 EULAR/ACR SLE criteria are not useful for differentiating SLE and rhupus patients. A new way of classifying autoimmune diseases is needed to identify overlapping clusters.

Keywords:Arthritis; poly-autoimmunity; rheumatoid arthritis; rhupus; systemic lupus erythematosus.

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A Comparative Study on Clinical and Serological Characteristics Between Patients With Rhupus and Those With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and...

Although the adverse effects of systemic glucocorticosteroids (GCs) are well known, their association with hypertension in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been unclear. Now, a large population-based study shows that the drugs are linked to a 17% overall increased risk for incident hypertension among patients with RA.

Further, when the researchers stratified participants by dose category, they found that doses higher than 7.5 mg were significantly associated with hypertension. Cumulative dosage was not tied to any clear pattern of risk.

The authors, led by Ruth E. Costello, MSc, a researcher at the Center for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis in the Center for Musculoskeletal Research at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom, conclude that patients who are taking these drugs for the treatment of RA should be monitored for high blood pressure, which is an important but modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, and treated appropriately.

The results of Costello and colleagues' study were published June 27 in Rheumatology.

"While fractures associated with these steroid drugs are well studied, hypertension is a side effect that seems to have been less well studied, and yet it is an important cardiovascular risk factor that can be managed," Costello told Medscape Medical News.

To better understand the possible association, Costello and colleagues identified 17,760 patients who were newly diagnosed withRA between 1992 and 2019 and were included in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, which represents about 7% of the UK population. None of the patients had hypertension at initial RA diagnosis. Slightly more than two thirds were women (68.1%), and the mean age was 56.3 years.

Of those patients, 7421 (41.8%) were prescribed GCs during post-diagnosis follow-up. Most patients (73%) were followed for at least 2 years.

Patients who used GCs were slightly older than never-users (mean age, 57.7 vs 55.3 years), were predominantly women, had a history of smoking, and had more comorbidities.

The overall incidence rate (IR) of hypertension was 64.1 per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 62.5 65.7). There were 6243 cases of incident hypertension over 97,547 person-years of follow-up.

Among those exposed to GCs, 1321 patients developed hypertension, for an IR of 87.6 per 1000 person-years. Among unexposed participants, the IR for hypertension was 59.7 per 1000 person-years. In Cox proportional hazards modeling, GC use was associated with a 17% increased risk for hypertension (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10 1.24).

The researchers note that 40% of GC users with hypertension were not prescribed an antihypertensive agent at any point during the study. "Whilst some may have been offered lifestyle advice, left untreated this has important implications in terms of addressing modifiable risk factors in an RA population already at increased risk of CV disease," they write.

They note that cardiovascular disease is a major driver of the elevated mortality risk seen among adults with RA compared with the general population and that recent treatment recommendations address management of cardiovascular risks in these patients.

"There are several routes by which GCs may promote cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, metabolic changes, diabetes, and weight gain. We don't currently know the extent to which each of these individual mechanisms may be increasing cardiovascular disease," said Costello.

"Glucocorticoids increase fluid retention and promote obesity and hypertension," said Rajat S. Bhatt, MD, a rheumatologist at Prime Rheumatology and Memorial Hermann Katy Hospital in Richmond, Texas, who sees hypertension in GC users in his clinical practice. "So patients need to be monitored for these risk factors," he told Medscape Medical News.

Although hypertension may be a significant factor in the increase in cardiovascular disease in the RA population, Bhatt said the major driver is likely the intrinsic inflammatory state caused by the disease itself. As to why the GC-hypertension connection has flown under the radar in RA, he added, "That specific link has been difficult to tease out since RA patients are often on multiple medications."

In regard to the role of dosage, Bhatt said that hypertension risk increases with higher GC doses, as the UK study indicates, and usually subsides when patients stop using GCs.

"Whether the observed dose association is causal or influenced by the underlying disease severity, our results suggest we should be vigilant in patients on all doses of GC, especially higher doses," Costello added.

In regard to using drugs that are less cardiotoxic than CGs, Bhatt said that there are clinical scenarios in which GC therapy is the best choice, so just switching to nonsteroidal drugs is no panacea. "All RA drugs have adverse side effects, and anyway, the goal of rheumatology treatment is always to get patients off corticosteroids as soon as possible," he said.

Costello and colleagues note that their results are consonant with earlier research, including a single-center cross-sectional study in which less than 6 months' use of prednisolone at a median dose of 7.5 mg was associated with hypertension. In a German registry study, among patients who received doses of less than 7.5 mg for less than 6 months, there were higher rates of self-reported elevations in blood pressure.

The findings are at odds, however, with a recent matched-cohort study, which also used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. That study found no association between GC use and hypertension.

GCs have come under increasing scrutiny in regard to several diseases. A study published this week found that even short-term courses of a few days' duration entail risks for serious adverse events.

Costello's group says that an estimate of GC-related incident hypertension in RA should allow more informed treatment decisions and that their findings highlight the ongoing need to monitor for and address this risk.

The study was supported by the Center for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis and by the National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Center. Coauthor Dixon has received consultancy fees from Google and Beyer unrelated to this study. Bhatt has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Rheumatol. Published online June 27, 2020. Full text

For more news, follow Medscape on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube.

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Steroids Linked to Increased Hypertension in RA - Medscape

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is the most common type of arthritis. Usually, it occurs among people of advanced age. But it can begin in middle age or even sooner, especially if theres been an injury to the joint.

While there are treatments available exercise, braces or canes, loss of excess weight, various pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medicines these are no cures, and none of the treatments are predictably effective. In fact, often they dont work at all, or help only a little. Injected steroids or synthetic lubricants can be tried as well. When all else fails, joint replacement surgery can be highly effective. In fact, about a million joint replacements (mostly knees and hips) are performed each year in the U.S.

So, its no surprise that people with osteoarthritis will try just about anything that seems reasonably safe if it might provide relief. My patients often ask about diet, including anti-inflammatory foods, antioxidants, low-gluten diets and many others. Theres little evidence that most of these dietary approaches work. When there is evidence, it usually demonstrates no consistent or clear benefit.

Thats why one study is noteworthy: It suggests that curcumin, a naturally occurring substance found in a common spice, might work for osteoarthritis.

In the study, researchers enrolled 139 people with symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Their symptoms were at least moderately severe and required treatment with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). For one month, they were given the NSAID diclofenac (50 mg, twice daily) or curcumin (500 mg, three times daily).

Why curcumin? Its a naturally occurring substance, found in the spice turmeric, that has anti-inflammatory effects. Its use has been advocated for cardiovascular health, arthritis and a host of other conditions. However, well-designed studies of its health benefits are limited.

Heres what this study found:

Ready to start taking curcumin?

Not so fast. Its rare that a single study can change practice overnight, and this one is no exception. A number of factors give me pause:

Studies of this sort are vitally important in trying to understand whether dietary changes can be helpful for arthritis. While this new study provides support for curcumin as a treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee, Id like to see more and longer-term studies in osteoarthritis and other types of joint disease, as well as more extensive testing of its safety, before recommending it to my patients.

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Curcumin for Arthritis: Does it Really Work? - Chicago Health

Global Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Market: Overview

The demand within the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market has been rising on account of advancements in the field of healthcare and biosimilar analysis. The occurrence of psoriatic arthritis can place an extremely negative toll on the overall health of individuals. This is because psoriatic arthritis is more severe than any other form of arthritis. Under psoriatic arthritis, patients suffering from a skin condition called psoriases start to exhibit extreme symptoms of arthritis. This results in excessive pain, uneasiness, and discomfort for the sufferer, often necessitating emergency dosage of steroids. Hence, there is a dire need to ensure that psoriatic arthritis is controlled which in turn gives an impetus to the growth of the global market. The revenue scale of the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market shall improve alongside advancements in the field of geriatric care.

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There is no permanent treatment for psoriatic arthritis, and it can only be controlled with proper medication. The discomfort suffered by people affected with psoriatic arthritis is abysmal. Owing to the aforementioned factors, the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market is projected to attract the attention of the medical fraternity in the years to follow. The demand for psoriatic arthritis is projected to reach new heights in the years to follow.

The global psoriatic arthritis treatment market can be segmented on the basis of the following parameters: drug class, route of administration, and region. Based on drug class, the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market can be segmented into Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), and biologics. Based on route of administration, the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market can be segmented into orals, topical, and injectables.

Global Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Market: Notable Developments

Several advancement in the competitive landscape have become a key characteristic of the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market in recent times.

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Global Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Market: Growth Driver

The occurrence of psoriatic arthritis is preceded by the severity of psoriasis in individuals. Hence, the field of dermatology needs to be work in conjunction with other medical departments in order to treat and control psoriatic arthritis. Hence, the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market shall expand alongside advancements in the field of dermatology. Furthermore, the availability of over-the-counter drugs for treatment of psoriatic arthritis propelled demand within the global market.

The joints suffer severe pain during psoriatic arthritis treatment, and the patients need to be quick recourse treatments. In a lot of cases, psoriatic arthritis poses a risk of permanent damage of joints. For this reason, the demand for psoriatic arthritis treatment has been rising at a stellar pace.

Global Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Market: Regional Outlook

On the basis of geography, the global psoriatic arthritis treatment market can be segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East and Africa, and Asia Pacific. The psoriatic arthritis treatment market in North America is expanding alongside advancements in the field of regional healthcare.

The global psoriatic arthritis treatment market can be segmented as:

Route of Administration

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Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment Market Competitive Landscape Analysis with Forecast by 2028 - 3rd Watch News

A condition that has no cure. A condition that has very generic risk factors. And, a condition that could make your life living hell.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), is a condition that causes a person's immune system to attack their body cells, leading to severe damage to bones and cartilage. Symptoms include joint pain, weakness and inflammation around joints. RA affects over 400,000 people in the UK and is an autoimmune disease. As mentioned, an overactive immune system leads to it, but the reason behind such activity is something we yet do not know.

RA has no cure so far. And so, the only way to treat it is by giving immunosuppressants (medicine that reduces the activity of the immune system) or physiotherapy to ease joint pain. However, AI has been introduced to the RA landscape and so far, there have been studies on how it could help detect signs of RA early on, so minimal damage is done.

A study in 2019 from an American medical journal, JAMA Network Open was conducted, with a cohort of 116 and 117 RA patients. These were across a university hospital and a safety-net hospital. The model aimed to predict disease activity for a patient the next time they visited an RA clinic. Though the way of measurement is quite complex, the way the model performed was measured by calculating the area underneath a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). This is a graphical plot that shows how well a system can distinguish between two groups. The conclusion came out to be 0.91 (university hospital) and 0.74 (safety-net hospital). Though to us, these results may not seem as much, to the researchers they showed that forecasting RA is possible with AI if data and AI models can be shared across hospitals.

Another very important advancement in the RA field was accomplished by healthcare start-up Living With, at the University of Bath, alongside the Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust (RUH). A flare-up in medical terms is where the symptoms for a disease get worse, and that's when the disease is most active. These flare-ups can be difficult to predict. Living With have developed a Flare Profiler using smartphone technology and thermal imaging to stop the long-term harm from RA. A side-goal for Living With, is for RA patients to not always see a consultant each time they want to know how their body is coping up. They could see a specialist nurse, who would just need to interpret the data coming from the profiler. The profiler comes in the form of an app and will use AI to recognise disease patterns and then provide different routes for treatment.

Link:
How AI Is Slowly, But Steadily, Affecting The Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis. - AI Daily

Last week I wrote about arthritis, the type that happens as we age and our joints become victim to the usual wear and tear that comes with use.

Following on from that, Id like to talk about some of the other types of arthritis that can affect us.

Rheumatoid arthritis is not caused by wear and tear, but rather our own immune system attacking the joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis is not something that comes to most of us as we age although if you do suffer with it, then your joints may become gradually worse over time.

The immune system is triggered into acting as though we are being attacked at the site of the joints, causing swelling, redness and inflammation. This inflammation can be quite aggressive and in some cases the swelling itself causes the joint to mis-align, becoming painful and deformed permanently.

A common area for this to happen is in the finger and wrist joints. The fingers can start to bend in ways that are abnormal, making every day tasks like opening jars difficult and painful.

If you have rheumatoid arthritis, then nutrients like glucosamine, MSM, collagen and chondroitin are not the remedies to turn to. While these nutrients are used to repair and protect joints over time, in rheumatoid arthritis, the most important method of protecting your joints is to manage the inflammation and keep it under control.

Herbs that manage inflammation are too numerous to list in a single article but there are a few that are very specific to joint pain. One of these is devils claw, a herb that I was taught in my early years of training is especially helpful for arthritis that has begun to warp the fingers.

Since people with RA (rheumatoid arthritis) can end up with their fingers bent and curled at the joint, I was taught to remember devils claw for hands that are curled like claws.

Not everyone with RA has joint damage to this extent and managing the condition can help to avoid serious or more permanent changes to the joints. Devils claw is an anti inflammatory herb which acts by blocking some of the chemical pathways that lead to inflammation.

By blocking these pathways, the inflammatory response of the immune system is reduced, leading to less pain and a longer life for joints that would otherwise be damaged.

Unlike other pain medicines, devils claw should be taken over a period of eight weeks before you assess how well it is or isnt working for you. Rather than a temporary action that gets to work immediately but fades after a few hours, the effect of devils claw is gradually built up. Once it is working the anti inflammatory effect should be consistent and it is safe to take long term.

In a trial over eight weeks, patients with various rheumatic conditions were given a dose of devils claw. Results concluded that pain was significantly reduced by up to 58 per cent, so even though it can take a while to get to work, it is worth sticking out that eight week period.

If you suspect that you have an arthritic condition, getting a clinical diagnosis from your GP is very important. Your doctor can provide a blood test if they suspect that your arthritis is rheumatoid. If you test positive, then treatment can be provided that is specific to your condition, making it more likely to be effective and lengthening the life of your joints.

In some cases, autoimmune medicines are offered to stop your body from attacking itself. A big concern, especially during current times, of people on immune suppressants is that they may not be as able to fight off colds, bugs and viruses as they otherwise would be.

In this instance, you can help yourself with herbs but it is important to avoid anything stimulating like echinacea which can work against your medicine.

Instead, take immune nutrients like zinc, vitamin C and vitamin D to support your body more gently through nourishment.

For more information on arthritis and ways to manage it naturally, contact Nicola at her clinic on 01524 413733.

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Medical herbalist Nicola Parker explains the treatment for different types of arthritis - Clitheroe Advertiser

Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market Growth Projection

The new report on the global Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market is an extensive study on the overall prospects of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market over the assessment period. Further, the report provides a thorough understanding of the key dynamics of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market including the current trends, opportunities, drivers, and restraints. The report introspects the micro and macro-economic factors that are expected to nurture the growth of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market in the upcoming years.

The report suggests that the global Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market is projected to reach a value of ~US$XX by the end of 2029 and grow at a CAGR of ~XX% through the forecast period (2019-2029). The key indicators such as the year-on-year (Y-o-Y) growth and CAGR growth of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market are discussed in detail in the presented report. This data is likely to provide readers an understanding of qualitative and quantitative growth prospects of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market over the considered assessment period.

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The report clarifies the following doubts related to the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market:

Segmentation of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market

Competitive landscape

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Vital Information Enclosed in the Report

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Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market Trends, Outlook and Opportunity Analysis 2018 to 2028 - Cole of Duty

Pfizers immunology portfolio includes the JAK inhibitor Xeljanz and a pipeline of five mid- to late-stage experimental drugsa huge stable of assets that seems well-positioned to fuel strong growth over the next five years.

But one influential Wall Street firm took a deep dive into that immunology portfolio and found a troublesome undercurrent that made its analysts wonder just how much it will really contribute to Pfizers future growth.

Analysts at SVB Leerink warned clients in a note on Wednesday that our review of the competitive landscape suggests Pfizers compounds could be beaten on speed to market, or better clinical data, in nearly all indications.

One challenge is that Pfizer is heavily dependent on JAK inhibitors, SVB Leerink said. Xeljanz is approved to treat rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Pfizers nearest-term prospect in its immunology portfolio is JAK inhibitor abrocitinib, which is in phase 3 trials to treat atopic dermatitis.

The SVB Leerink analysts expect abrocitinib to be bringing in $2 billion in sales by 2027. Another phase 3 JAK inhibitor, PF-06651600 for alopecia, should peak at $500 million a year, they added.

But abrocitinib will likely carry the Black Box warning that the FDA has slapped on the JAK class, which warns of a high risk of serious infections, cancer, blood clots and other issues. That warning should relegate the drug to [second-line] behind Regenerons Dupixent until physicians gain experience and confidence in the product.

RELATED: AbbVie's Rinvoq scores pivotal trial win in eczema. But do dermatologists trust JAK inhibitors?

Dupixent is far from the only rival drug that could pose challenges for Pfizer. AbbVies JAK inhibitor Rinvoq, approved to treat rheumatoid arthritis last year, could score a green light in atopic dermatitis before abrocitinib does, SVB Leerink analysts predicted. In this situation, abrocitinib would not offer as much safety as Dupixent, or the efficacy of Rinvoq, and we'd expect it to struggle to gain market share, they said.

Last month, AbbVie released clinical trial data showing that Rinvoq was better than placebo at producing a 75% drop in atopic dermatitis symptoms and clear or almost clear skin after 16 weeks. At the time, SVB Leerink predicted Rinvoq could become the standard of care for patients who dont do well on Dupixent.

Pfizer has produced some positive data of its own, though it hasnt yet been impressive enough to convince analysts that abrocitinib will shoot to the top of the competitive class of JAK inhibitors. Last October, Pfizer said the drug produced clear or almost clear skin in 43.8% of eczema patients participating in a phase 3 trial, versus 7.9% of those taking a placebo. More recently, Pfizer reported a statistically significant improvement in symptoms among teenagers in a phase 3 trial.

RELATED: Pfizer's JAK abrocitinib comes through in teen eczema test

Pfizer is also testing a TYK2 inhibitor in psoriasis, but its facing stiff competition there, too. Bristol Myers Squibb is working on a TYK2 inhibitor, BMS-986165. SVB Leerink analysts pointed out that BMS recently posted clinical trial data suggesting its drug could offer double the effectiveness of Otezla, the drug BMS had to sell to Amgen in order to consummate its Celgene takeover. Add to that the fact that Pfizer is roughly two years behind BMS, and its hard to imagine it could make much of a mark in TYK2 inhibition, SVB Leerink said.

All in all, the analysts are projecting that Pfizers immunology sales will be flat this year and next at about $4.3 billion. From there, sales could grow 5% to 10% a year, they saidbut only if the companys JAK inhibitors are successful.

Ultimately, though, Pfizer may not be well-positioned to grab a significant piece of a rapidly growing market. Global JAK inhibitor sales could grow from $2.7bn to $19.3bn with additional launches and indications, SVB Leerink predicted, but if it materializes, Pfizer might get only a small share.

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Pfizer may have a lot going on in immunology, but all its drugs could be beaten by rivals: analyst - FiercePharma

Health & FitnessSaturday, July 4, 2020 15:03

By DR FREDRICK OTIENO

Many patients with rheumatic diseases especially those presenting witharthritisreport increasing pain and stiffness during cold seasons.

Tales abound of how some patients can actually predict the onset of rain or cold weather from these symptoms. Whether it is a knee acting up when a rainstorm is on the horizon or, worse yet, a full-fledged rheumatoidarthritisflare when a blizzard hits, many of those with rheumatic diseases swear the weather harms their conditions.

The precise mechanism for this observation is not clearly understood, but it is thought that changes in weather can cause expansion and contraction of tendons, muscles, bones, and scar tissues, resulting in pain in the tissues that are affected byarthritis.

Low temperatures may also increase the thickness of joint fluids, making them stiffer and perhaps more sensitive to pain during movement.

What causes autoimmune diseases?

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Before addressing what precautions people living with rheumatic diseases can take during the rainy season, it is important to first understand what causes the condition. Anything foreign or toxic to our body are collectively called anti- gens; mostly some form of proteins or carbohydrate.

The immune system identifies these antigens and produces antibodies to get rid of them. Our cells, which are also made up of proteins and carbohydrates, escape the action of these soldiers due to the presence of specific distinguishing features called self-antigens. The immune cells, during their development in the thymus and bone marrow, are exposed to these self-antigens and made tolerant to them.

In a healthy individual, these tolerant cells go on to mature and become cells of the immune system. The body destroys the intolerant ones.

Many times, due to discrepancies in this process of destruction, the autoreactive immune cells escape the surveillance and can cause autoimmune disorders. These discrepancies can be genetic in origin, there could be a mutation in the self-antigens, or excessive and uncontrolled inflammation can lead to an overactive immune system.

Systemic autoimmune disorders occur when the effect of the autoreactive cells are seen all over the body, in conditions like lupus, rheumatoidarthritis, multiple sclerosis, and ankylosing spondylitis.

Arthritisis a common manifestation of most rheumatic diseases and is usually a result of inflammation.

Typical presentation includes:

What precautions can people living with rheumatic diseases take during the cold season?Patients with rheumatic diseases should be on effective treatment that ensures adequate disease control and suppression of inflammation at all times.

Treatments cannot cure autoimmune diseases, but they can control the overactive immune response and bring down inflammation or at least reduce pain and inflammation. These treatments include; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), steroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and newer agents called biologic drugs.

Keeping warm: Dressing warmly, avoiding contact with cold water, take a warm shower, use hand gloves, warm bedding, and eat warm foods and beverages to reduce some of the effects seen when there is a drop in ambient temperature.

Exercise regularly: Exercise is crucial for patients living witharthritis. It is known to ease pain, increase strength and flexibility, and boost energy. The tendency during cold weather is for many people to shy off exercises. Patients should however prioritise exercise as this can ease the pain experience.

Dr Otieno is the assistant professor and consultant physician and rheumatologist at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi.

Read more:
Arthritis and the Cold Season - Business Daily

The next few months could bring the first gene therapy for hemophilia, a new type of multiple myeloma drug and an additional treatment option for a devastating muscular condition.

The Food and Drug Administration is set to make decisions on approval of all three, as well as on a closely watched arthritis pill and the first oral drug for spinal muscular atrophy, between July and September.

A regulatory OK for Roctavian, BioMarin Pharmaceutical's experimental hemophilia A treatment, would be a particularly significant milestone the first gene therapy for one of the world's most well-known inherited diseases. Approvals for Roche's risdiplam, NS Pharma's viltolarsen, Gilead's filgotinib and GlaxoSmithKline's belantamab mafodotin would also be notable.

The list of experimental drugs slated for the FDA's review during the third quarter was originally longer, but the agency cleared three targeted cancer therapies months ahead of schedule. (Seattle Genetics' Tukysa, Novartis' Tabrecta and Eli Lilly's Retevmo were all approved in April and May.)

Even as it's moved quickly to approve new drugs, the FDA has acknowledged the strain resulting from the work the agency is doing to oversee COVID-19 vaccine and drug development. So far, new drug reviews haven't been heavily affected, but the FDA has warned they could be slowed.

The five experimental drugs are listed in order of the currently scheduled date by which the FDA has agreed to make a decision on approval.

Around a dozen drugmakers are developing multiple myeloma treatments that target a protein known as BCMA, which is found on nearly all malignant cells. GlaxoSmithKline looks to be in a position to get there first.

GSK's drug, called belantamab mafodotin, is an antibody-drug conjugate, designed to bind to the BCMA target and deliver a small chemotherapy payload to attack cancerous cells. The conjugate approach is employed by Seattle Genetics' Adcetris and Roche's Kadcyla for other types of blood cancer.

Behind belantamab mafodotin, however, several other BCMA-targeting therapies are nearing key milestones, including a CAR-T cell therapy from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Bluebird bio, as well as a bispecific antibody from Regeneron.

They would trail belantamab mafadotin if the GSK drug is approved by the FDA's target decision date sometime this month. But the rival therapies could potentially offer advantages in greater effectiveness or more manageable side effects. Notably, balantamab mafadotin is associated with an eye-related side effect called keratopathy.

The FDA's decision to approve Sarepta Therapeutics' Exondys 51 for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in 2016 was one of the most controversial in the agency's recent history. The drug, a type of genetic treatment known as "exon-skipping," was the first specifically cleared for patients with DMD.

Approval late last year of Sarepta's second drug Vyondys 53 for a different segment of DMD patients was nearly as dramatic, with the FDA reversing an initial rejection after the company appealed to more senior agency officials.

The FDA's review of a DMD treatment developed by NS Pharma, a little-known subsidiary of Japan's Nippon Shinyaku, promises to be less eventful.

NS' drug, called viltolarsen and designed to treat the same group of DMD patients as Vyondys 53, works similarly to both of Sarepta's drugs. Study results published in JAMA Neurology this past May suggest it might even work better than Vyondys 53, although comparing drugs across trials can be misleading.

Like Sarepta, however, NS is offering the FDA limited evidence to go on. The study supporting the drugmaker's application primarily tested whether viltolarsen increased the production of a key protein that's largely missing in children with DMD and, notably, lacked a placebo comparison.

Having cleared Exondys 51 and then Vyondys 53, however, the FDA seems to have signaled it will accept early data as compelling enough to merit approval. A decision is expected sometime in August.

For Gilead and partner drugmaker Galapagos, much is riding on filgotinib. The drug is at the center of a research collaboration between the two companies, first inked in 2015 and then expanded with a $5.1 billion pact last year.

Part of a class of drugs called JAK inhibitors, filgotinib is aimed first at rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic condition for which it will have much competition. Three other JAK inhibitors, Pfizer's Xeljanz, Eli Lilly's Olumiant and AbbVie's Rinvoq, are already approved for rheumatoid arthritis, which is also commonly treated with biologic drugs like Humira.

Some analysts on Wall Street see filgotinib as safer than its JAK-blocking rivals, but the FDA appears to be viewing the risk of blood clots as characteristic of the drug class.

Gilead and Galapagos still think filgotinib can stand out and are counting on an August approval from the FDA to prove it. Clearance for rheumatoid arthritis would be the first step in proving the drug's future for other inflammatory conditions, like Crohn's disease, uveitis and psoriatic arthritis.

An approval for BioMarin's Roctavian would be a significant moment for the still-emerging gene therapy field. The experimental hemophilia A treatment wouldn't be the first gene therapy to gain FDA clearance that milestone went to Luxturna for an inherited form of blindness but it would offer thousands of patients long-lasting control of a disruptive and damaging bleeding disorder.

Roctavian also typifies the substantial benefits gene therapy can offer. Studies showed the treatment largely eliminated bleeding episodes, enabling patients to drastically reduce how much they rely on expensive factor replacement therapy that aids blood clotting. Years later, patients who received the treatment are still largely free of both.

BioMarin has suggested a price for Roctavian as high as $3 million, arguing the drug's value is clear when factor replacement therapy can sometimes cost as much as $1 million per year for severe hemophilia patients.

The company recently detailed follow-up data up to four years post-treatment in patients who were enrolled in early clinical trials. While their levels of blood clotting activity appear to decline over time, they are all still producing the Factor VIII protein that's reduced or missing in patients with hemophilia.

Spinal muscular atrophy, or SMA, is an often-fatal neuromuscular condition that primarily affects infants and children. Until three and a half years ago, there was no treatment.

An approval for Roche and PTC Therapeutics' risdiplam, expected by August 24, would bring to market the third treatment for the disease and the first one taken orally, which may be more convenient for some patients.

The companies have played up risdiplam's advantages compared to Spinraza, the first SMA drug, as well as versus Novartis' gene therapy Zolgensma. Spinraza is administered via a spinal injection, while Zolgensma is infused intravenously for treating infants.

Roche and PTC sought to submit to the FDA study data covering a broad range of patients, from infants to adults and across various levels of disease severity. In doing so, however, they caused the agency to extend its approval review by three months in order to take into account results from a study in less severe adolescents and adults.

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5 FDA approval decisions to watch in the 3rd quarter - BioPharma Dive

Scientists believe that about 17% of people worldwide dont get enough zinc. This mineral is, however, very important, in particular, with the help of the body formed more than 300 different enzymes.

Who said that a lot of people, about 17% of the population experience zinc deficiency. Among the reasons for this called reducing consumption of animal food, the spread of diarrhoeal disorders and disorders of the intestine, chronic stress.

Zinc performs a very important function when its lack can even cause the fertility this mineral is essential for ovulation, the production of viable sperm, as well as to child bearing and lactation. But this is not all of its functions. Mineral helps preserve collagen in the skin and connective tissues, regulates the production of androgens, which in many cases are the cause of acne and other skin problems, it is involved in the synthesis of leukocytes, thyroid hormones, helps the body regulate the stress response.

Symptoms of zinc deficiency can be diverse, among them we can name:

In the body, zinc is not stored, so it must be regularly supplied in the diet. The daily menu should include seafood, poultry, beef, cocoa, egg yolk, whole seeds of flax, pumpkin and sesame seeds, wheat germ, lentils, almonds, peas, dairy products.

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Skin problems, arthritis, reduced libido Why the body needs zinc and how to get it - The Saxon

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Reactive Arthritis Treatment Market to Expand at a Healthy CAGR of XX% Between and 2017 2027 Bulletin Line - Bulletin Line

The strategy analysis on Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment Market gives insights of market size, trends, share, growth, development plans, Investment Plan, cost structure and drivers analysis. With precise data covering all key aspects of the existing market, this report offers existing data of leading manufacturers. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment market report covers marketing channels and market positioning to potential growth strategies, providing in-depth analysis for new competitors or exists competitors in the Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment industry. The Report Gives Detail Analysis on Market concern Like Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment Market share, CAGR Status, Market demand and up to date Market Trends with key Market segments. The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry. Overall, the report provides an in-depth insight of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment market covering all important parameters.

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The Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment market was valued at XX Million US$ in 2019 and is projected to reach XX Million US$ by 2024, at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period. In this study, 2019 has been considered as the base year and 2020 to 2024 as the forecast period to estimate the market size for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment.

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Market segment by Type, the product can be split into:Product Type Segmentation: Epicel, IntegraIndustry Segmentation: Chemical, Cosmetic, Pharmaceutical

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Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment Market Prognosticated For A Ravishing Growth By 2026 - Daily Research Chronicles

Veterinarians are still working to gain the trust of beekeepers in the wake of a federal rule that went into effect in 2017 bringing veterinarians and beekeepers together.

Dr. Terry Ryan Kane, a bee veterinarian in Michigan and secretary for the Honey Bee Veterinary Consortium, said the bee community did not anticipate the rule, which restricts beekeepers from using certain antimicrobials in honeybees without a veterinary feed directive or prescription from a veterinarian.

Most livestock producers have a relationship with a veterinarian, Dr. Ryan Kane said. That was not true for the beekeeping community. We are establishing relationships now. ... Someday it will be routine for veterinarians to be involved in the bee industry, but we are not there yet.

Historically in the U.S., beekeepers and veterinarians have had very little interaction, and beekeepers were able to administer over-the-counter antimicrobials themselves.

Dr. Ryan Kane compared the current situation with how veterinarians became involved with fisheries nearly 40 years ago. She said, Back in the 80s, we went through this with fisheries, when aquaculture was starting to grab hold in the U.S.

Dr. Ryan Kane, a backyard beekeeper herself, knows some veterinarians who just happen to also be beekeepers for fun.

Beekeepers are broken into three categories: backyarders, who keep only a few hives; sideliners, who have between 50 and 100 hives; and commercial beekeepers, who operate with over 300 hives. Commercial beekeepers make up a small portion of the overall industry but control the largest portion of bee colonies in the U.S.

There were 2.67 million bee colonies in January 2019, according to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The beekeeping industry is worth about $17 billion a year, according to the National Honey Board.

Dr. Tracy Farone, a veterinarian who is a professor of biology at Grove City College in Grove City, Pennsylvania, and a board member of the Honey Bee Veterinary Consortium, said veterinarians were brought into the beekeeping world because of the diseases bees face and the potential for antimicrobial resistance.

I understand why beekeepers want to do what theyve always been doing, but theyre facing more and more bee health problems. It would be good to get veterinarians on board. Dr. Farone said. We can contribute here. We can provide so much more than a prescription or VFD to the industry. If we can blend veterinary medical expertise within the beekeeping industry, its not just an arranged marriage, but a marriage where we can help each other.

Including bee health within veterinary colleges curriculums is on the rise now in the U.S. But veterinary education in France has included an entire rotation on beekeeping for decades.

Ive gauged veterinarian interest, developed and shared lectures on what veterinarians need to know, Dr. Farone said. Bees are our most important agricultural animals, in regards to the number of crops they pollinate and their economic contribution to the agricultural industry. Without bees, the whole thing falls apart, so why wouldnt we have veterinarians for bees?

Dr. Farone suggests veterinarians interested in expanding their practice into bee health take the time to learn about the beekeeping industry, consider getting involved in local bee clubs, and identify current clients who have backyard hives.

Dr. Ryan Kane, who serves on the AVMA Committee for Environmental Issues, said the COVID-19 pandemic has put a spotlight on how the natural world needs to be taken care of.

Veterinarians should be at the forefront of protecting the environment, she said. Its one health.

Like Dr. Farone, Dr. Ryan Kane noted that bees are a key crop pollinator.

This is a global security issue. There is a veterinary public health obligation to protect our food resources, food safety, and food security, Dr. Ryan Kane said. We take insects for granted. We smash them, were afraid of them. We have shirked our duties by not studying them and not taking care of them. They make our systems work.

Dr. Ryan Kane said veterinarians who have bee health experience are promoting the insects.

She recently co-edited the forthcoming book Honey Bee Medicine for the Veterinary Practitioner with Dr. Cynthia M. Faux, a professor of veterinary science at the University of Arizona College of Veterinary Medicine. The book is a collaboration among veterinarians, entomologists, toxicologists, and a pharmacologist. It is set to be released in 2021.

Dr. Ryan Kane doesnt expect it will take long for veterinarians to be included in the beekeeping community.

It wont take many years to get us up to speed, to where the beekeeping community trusts our knowledge, but now we should learn from the beekeepers. There is so much information out there, she said.

View original post here:
Veterinarians and beekeepers: An arranged marriage - American Veterinary Medical Association

Devin Schell, an animal technician at Washington State Universitys Veterinary Teaching Hospital, holds Terri, a 20-pound African spur-thighed tortoise. The tortoise was found on the side of the road and is believed to have been struck by a car.

By Josh Babcock, College of Veterinary Medicine

A tortoise believed to be run over by a vehicle could live another 90years thanks to the care of Washington State University veterinarians.

The unnamed tortoise, now known as Terri, was found on the side of a road in Benton City, Wash., back in March.

Her shell was smashed, there was a section of exposed spinal cord, and she was in shock when she was found. Miraculously, she was still able to move all four limbs.

Honestly, I didnt think she was going to make it, but I wanted to take her to the place where she would get the best care, Kyley Ackerson said.

Within minutes, Ackerson, with her fianc David Cotton behind the wheel, decided to make the one-hundred- and fifty-three-mile drive to WSUs Veterinary Teaching Hospital.

There, WSUs exotics team, with veterinarian Marcie Logsdon on the case, spent nearly three months tending to Terri.

We were hopeful. We thought she had a reasonable chance because she is an African spur-thighed tortoise and tortoises can heal some amazing things, Logsdon said.This one was a fighter.

The roughly 20-pound tortoise nearly succumbed to her wounds the first night.

If we wouldnt have taken her to WSU, she would have died that night, Ackerson said.

After a few weeks at the hospital, Terri started to grow new bone over the crack in her shell.

However, she was still slow and appeared ill.

As her stay at the hospital continued, veterinarians found Terri was not defecating. An x-ray revealed the tortoise had eaten over 70 rocks before she came to the hospital. The rocks ranged from quarter-sized stones to pea gravel.

Many enemas, fluids and weeks later, Terri was able to pass the rocks.

Logsdon said if not for the rocks, the tortoise would have been able to leave the hospital much sooner.

The only thing more shocking than the rocks to the exotics veterinarian the couples generosity.

They only knew this tortoise for five minutes and they drove all the way to Pullman and footed the entire bill, she said.

Ackerson said she raised more than $1,000 of that bill through a fundraiser on Facebook.

Friends, family, strangers I dont even know. They heard her story and now, here we are, Ackerson said. I am an animal person and I hope someone would do the same for me if I was in that situation.

Ten-year-old Terri is still bouncing back and strengthening her back legs for what could be the next 90 or more years of her life. She needs it too. Tortoises like Terri grow to an average of 70 to 100 pounds but can grow as large as 200 pounds.

Back in Benton City, Terri is getting spoiled with carrots, geraniums, hay and lettuce.

Reptiles dont show emotion, but I like to think shes happy, Ackerson said.

Continued here:
Terri the tortoise makes a turnaround - WSU News

Twenty years ago or so, antibiotic resistance wasnt on the radar for most cow-calf producers. If a calf got sick, you gave it a shot and it generally got better.

That began to change about 10 years ago, says Amelia Woolums, a veterinarian and professor of pathobiology and population medicine in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Mississippi State University. Around 2011, we started to see bacteria classically associated with BRD (bovine respiratory disease) being found with multiple resistance genes.

That was in lung samples from cattle that died from BRD. What about incoming cattle? Are the bacteria in those cattle carrying antibiotic-resistant genes?

READ: Preserving antibiotics for all

So she and others did a small in-house trial on 50 newly arrived high-risk calves. The calves all got an antibiotic on arrival and were nasally swabbed to see if any had highly resistant Mannheimia bacteria. On arrival, one calf tested positive. Fourteen days later, 88% had multidrug resistant Mannheimia on their nasal swab, she says.

That alone raised plenty of eyebrows. Then there was this: By day 14, all of the Mannheimias were also resistant to Baytril and we hadnt even given the cattle Baytril.

Without getting into the private lives of bacteria, the basic thing at work is that they can swap chunks of DNA. As that happens, genes that create resistance to antibiotics can spread. Even more fascinating as well as alarming is that the bacteria dont have to be closely related for that to happen.

READ: The last over-the-counter antibiotics?

None of this is breaking news any longer. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been a concern in both human and veterinary medicine for some time now.

It still is. Thats where you come in.

Weaning time approaches, and for some in drought areas, it may come sooner rather than later. As we plan for that annual ritual, now is a good time to revisit why the judicial use of antibiotics is so important.

READ: How to respond to consumer concerns over antibiotic use

Even more, its time to revisit why a herd health program that includes vaccinations is important. You know, people have been able to use antibiotics to cover up bad management and I feel like we cant rely on that any more, Woolums says. Weve got to go back to good management, really good cattle care. And then, when you need to use an antibiotic, try to pick the right one.

Thats because different antibiotics work best on different bacteria. So that means working with a veterinarian to use the right product appropriately.

Whats more, it means managing your cattle so they dont get sick in the first place. I think we need a renaissance of good husbandry, she says. Then, if we are a little more careful with how we use antibiotics, maybe theyll still be functional when we need them.

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Here's why judicial use of antibiotics matters - Beef Magazine

COVID-19 is a zoonotic disease. For the 200+ bats currently in wildlife rehabilitation facilities across Pennsylvania, this presents a threat. Eman Anis, a microbiologistwith Penn Vets New Bolton Center, is leading a study to test for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in North American bats, work being done with associate professors Lisa Murphy and Julie Ellis and Pennsylvania Game Commission biologist Greg Turner.

Because the School of Veterinary Medicine and the Pennsylvania Game Commission began collaborating in 2019 on the Pennsylvania Wildlife Futures Program to address wildlife health problems, they were able to shift quickly to COVID-19 research. Now, the team is developing a rapid diagnostic test using bat guano sent from local wildlife rehabilitation centers.

The researchers goal is to verify that bats held over the winter in rehab facilities will not transmit disease. When you do these tests, youre trying to ask questions, says Murphy. Can bats harbor it? Do bats in Pennsylvania harbor it?

Testing the guano of North American bats for COVID-19 ties into Penn Vets OneHealthfocus, which recognizes that human, animal, and environmentalhealthare interrelated and that an adverse event in anyoneof these areas may also adversely impact the others, Murphy says. With disease, humans, animals, and the environment can all play key roles in transmitting and maintaining harmful pathogens. Identifying the role that each plays can be the first step in understanding how to stop or prevent further harm, she says.

There is no evidence that North American bat populations currently harbor COVID-19 or other beta-coronaviruses like MERS and SARS, but there is a possibility that humans could transmit disease to bats, Anis says. This would present a public health risk and is one of the impacts her study will mitigate. We dont want have another reservoir where they can transfer it back to humans, she says.

COVID-19 has the potential to weaken the already precarious health of bat populations, says Turner. Bats have been his main focus for 16 years as populations have declined due to habitat loss and white-nose syndrome, a fungus originating in Europe that thrives in the cold, humid caves and mines that bats use for hibernation.

Pennsylvania is home to nine species recognized as resident breeding bats, according to the Game Commission. As bats are able to be a reservoir for most coronavirus strains, they are likely to contract COVID-19 if exposed, Turner says. While the animals are generally able to survive a dormant coronavirus, many North American bats are already stressed due to white-nose syndrome. This presents the risk that the virus would become active and cause an additive mortality factor on top of white-nose syndrome, which has decimated many bat species.

The Indiana bat is currently the only mammal on the federal list of endangered species in Pennsylvania. Were turning the tide, seeing stabilization and maybe even a recovery, Turner says. To have something come in now could be catastrophic to these species. What would happen if the bat was immunocompromised from white-nose fungus, would COVID-19 be an additive affect?

While bats are often vilified in popular culture, Turner says they provide numerous services we would miss if they were gone, he says. All of the bat species in Pennsylvania and the northeastern part of North America are insectivorous, so theyre eating nothing but insects. Each female little brown bat can consume 4,500 mosquito-sized insects per night. Bats consume an estimated 900,000 to 1 million insects per bat per year, says Turner, saving Pennsylvania farmers alone an estimated $3 million per year in crop damage and thus reducing the cost of production and the amount of pesticides used.

By eating insects, bats also prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases such as heartworm, encephalitis, West Nile virus, and potentially Zika virus, Turner says. We also have anecdotal evidence of people in wetland areas that were constantly battling mosquitos until they put up a bat box and had a colony of bats, he adds.

Bats are important to agriculture and to the ecosystems they live in, and theyre already under a considerable amount of pressure, Murphy says.

The New Bolton Center team began work on this project at the end of April, and Anis says the team is very confident that well be able to complete and validate the test and have it up and running soon. Our first goal is to help the rehab populations to release their overwintered bats, and we hope to expand beyond that.

The lab, which generally tests diagnostic samples, began guano testing during the pandemic. The team practice all the needed biosafety and biosecurity measures and follow all of the CDC guidelines, says Anis. Its a big challenge she says to work with this new normal and being isolated. Having a purpose has helped.

While the current study is targeted to a very specific population and need, it has larger implications, says Murphy. Why does this matter now? We have an immediate need, she says. Most wildlife rehabilitation facilities are staffed with volunteers and funded via donations. During the pandemic, most are operating with a skeleton crew and limited financial resources, continuing to feed and care for overwintered bats that are ready to be released into the wild. To the specific populations of bats in Pennsylvania and people who are caring for them, it really does matter, it matters now, and we have no data to inform their decisions, Murphy says. Were going to address a very specific need, but, in terms of where it can go from there, the ramifications and the benefits, this is only the first step, Murphy says.

In terms of thinking about what animal species may be susceptible to this virus, it doesnt just stop with bats, she says, citing evidence that weasels and ferrets are able to contract COVID-19, as can other animals. This disease is going to be with us, and is going to be a question and a concern for human and animal health for quite some time, she says.

Eman Anis is an assistant professor in pathobiology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.

Julie Ellis is an adjunct associate professor in pathobiology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.

Lisa Murphy is an associate professor of toxicology and director of the Pennsylvania Animal Diagnostic Laboratory System-New Bolton Center at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.

Greg Turner is a wildlife biologist with the Pennsylvania Game Commissions Bureau of Wildlife Management.

This study was made possible with support from the National Wildlife Health Center in Madison, Wisconsin.

Read more:
Bats and COVID - Penn: Office of University Communications

Dr. Ron Mergl will be remembered for his infectious smile, ability to make people feel at ease, tireless work ethic, and giving back to the community.

He always went above and beyond for everybody that he met, said his wife, Dr. June Mergl.

He bent over backwards for all his clients. He often gave them his cell number and we always got a lot of calls and he would go in to meet them, if possible.

Mergl, who was a longtime owner of Niagara Falls Animal Medical Centre and Virgil Animal Hospital with his wife, died Saturday from glioblastoma multiforme, an aggressive brain tumour.

He was 61.

In a tribute posted to Niagara Falls Animal Medical Centres and Virgil Animal Hospitals Facebook pages Monday, June said her husband touched the lives of many individuals, both human and animal, and that his loss will leave a space that can never be filled.

His compassion and caring for all animals, large and small, and their owners for over 31 years at Niagara Falls Animal Medical Centre, and for over 35 years as a veterinarian in the Niagara region, will remain a cornerstone and tribute to him for many years to come.

She said her husband, who was born in Welland and grew up in Pelham, was more than a veterinarian. He was also a Christian, a philanthropist and a family man.

He contributed to, and participated in, so many foundations, boards, charity events, volunteer clubs and charities, that we have lost count.

Mergls volunteer ethic was ingrained in him.

He always believed you have to give back to the community thats given you so much.

June said her husband was an active participant along with his family at St. Andrews United Church for more than 25 years.

His pride and joy in the volunteer world, she said, was Rotary Club of Niagara Falls, where he was a past president and a multiple Paul Harris Fellow.

He was extremely generous with his time and his money to a fault and could not say no to any organization or extended family member that needed financial help.

Along with June, Mergl participated twice in Rotary International National Immunization Days against polio in India and Benin, Africa, spending a month at a time and using their own money to do so.

He also travelled to Malawi, in Africa, for Veterinarians Without Borders to vaccinate hyenas and dogs against rabies, which was killing the local children, and, with the help of Rotary International, started a lifesaving program of rabies vaccination in Uganda, that also saved many childrens lives.

June said although Mergl already had a bachelor of science and a doctor of veterinary medicine, he went back to school at Brock Univwersity, and received his masters of science in infectious and zoonotic diseases in 2010. He is listed as a co-author on several published articles as a result.

At one time, Mergl wrote a column for the Niagara Falls Review and, about four years ago, was honoured with an award of merit by the Ontario Veterinary Medical Association for all the work he had done in veterinary medicine and outside of his profession.

He was always attending veterinary conferences across the world to stay up to date in the latest advances in veterinary medicine, and to continue his high-quality level of care to his beloved patients and their wonderful clients.

June said her husband was also known for always being on the go.

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He was busy with everything. He was full of ideas and projects and always planning vacations and fun things to do with his entire family.

June, who has been a veterinarian for 35 years in Niagara, said she will continue to run both the Niagara Falls and Virgil clinics for the time being.

She said people who want to remember her husband can donate to the research section of the Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada, Rotary Club of Niagara Falls and Veterinarians Without Borders.

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Longtime Niagara vet went 'above and beyond' for clients, community - NiagaraFallsReview.ca