StemCell Therapy

The report aims to offer a clear picture of the current scenario and future growth of the global Cancer Biomarkers Market market. The report provides scrupulous analysis of global market by thoroughly reviewing several factors of the market such as vital segments, regional market condition, market dynamics, investment suitability, and key players operating in the market. Besides, the report delivers sharp insights into present and forthcoming trends & developments in the global market.The report articulates the key opportunities and factors propelling the global Cancer Biomarkers Market market growth. Also, threats and limitations that have the possibility to hamper the market growth are outlined in the report. Further, Porters five forces analysis that explains the bargaining power of suppliers and consumers, competitive landscape, and development of substitutes in the market is also sketched in the report.

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Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Biomarkers Market Industry:

The novel coronavirus pandemic has led to an inevitable recession and impacted the world economy in 2020. Three main factors of the global economy to have been affected are firms and financial markets, supply chains, and production. The report includes a complete, in-depth analysis of the Cancer Biomarkers Market market, featuring the COVID-19 impact, and future outlook of the industry. It divulges the political, economic, social, and technological scenario of the markets.

The report reveals various statistics such as predicted market size and forecast by analyzing the major factors and by assessing each segment of the global Cancer Biomarkers Market market. Regional market analysis of these segments is also provided in the report. The report segments the global market into four main regions including Asia-Pacific, Europe, North America, and LAMEA. Moreover, these regions are sub-divided to offer an exhaustive landscape of the Cancer Biomarkers Market market across key countries in respective regions. Furthermore, the report divulges some of the latest advances, trends, and upcoming opportunities in every region.

Furthermore, the report profiles top players active in the global Cancer Biomarkers Market market are Abbott Laboratories, F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., QIAGEN, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Affymetrix Inc., Illumina Inc., Agilent Technologies, Merck & Co. Inc., Hologic Inc., Sino Biological Inc., Becton, Dickinson and Company A comprehensive summary of top foremost players operating in the global market is delivered in the report to comprehend their position and footmark in the industry. The report highlights various data points such as short summary of the company, companys financial status and proceeds, chief company executives, key business strategies executed by company, initiatives undertaken & advanced developments by the company to thrust their position and grasp a significant position in the market.

The report also summarizes other important aspects including financial performance, product portfolio, SWOT analysis, and recent strategic moves and developments of the leading players.

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KEY MARKET BENEFITS

KEY MARKET SEGMENTS

The global Cancer Biomarkers Market market is segmented on the basis of the following:

Global Cancer Biomarkers Market Market By Product Type:

Global Cancer Biomarkers Market Market By Applications:

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Key Questions Addressed by the Report

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Princess Margaret scientists have revealed how stem cells are able to generate new blood cells throughout our life by looking at vast, uncharted regions of our genetic material that hold important clues to subtle biological changes in these cells.

The finding, obtained from studying normal blood, can be used to enhance methods for stem cell transplantation, and may also shed light into processes that occur in cancer cells that allow them to survive chemotherapy and relapse into cancer growth many years after treatment.

Using state-of-the art sequencing technology to perform genome-wide profiling of the epigenetic landscape of human stem cells, the research revealed important information about how genes are regulated through the three-dimensional folding of chromatin.

Chromatin is composed of DNA and proteins, the latter which package DNA into compact structures, and is found in the nucleus of cells. Changes in chromatin structure are linked to DNA replication, repair and gene expression (turning genes on or off).

The research by Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Senior Scientists Drs. Mathieu Lupien and John Dick is published in Cell Stem Cell, Wednesday, November 25, 2020.

"We don't have a comprehensive view of what makes a stem cell function in a specific way or what makes it tick," says Dr. Dick, who is also a Professor in the Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto.

"Stem cells are normally dormant but they need to occasionally become activated to keep the blood system going. Understanding this transition into activation is key to be able to harness the power of stem cells for therapy, but also to understand how malignant cells change this balance.

"Stem cells are powerful, potent and rare. But it's a knife's edge as to whether they get activated to replenish new blood cells on demand, or go rogue to divide rapidly and develop mutations, or lie dormant quietly, in a pristine state."

Understanding what turns that knife's edge into these various stem cell states has perplexed scientists for decades. Now, with this research, we have a better understanding of what defines a stem cell and makes it function in a particular way.

"We are exploring uncharted territory," says Dr. Mathieu Lupien, who is also an Associate Professor in the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto. "We had to look into the origami of the genome of cells to understand why some can self-renew throughout our life while others lose that ability. We had to look beyond what genetics alone can tell us."

In this research, scientists focused on the often overlooked noncoding regions of the genome: vast stretches of DNA that are free of genes (i.e. that do not code for proteins), but nonetheless harbour important regulatory elements that determine if genes are turned on or off.

Hidden amongst this noncoding DNA - which comprise about 98% of the genome - are crucial elements that not only control the activity of thousands of genes, but also play a role in many diseases.

The researchers examined two distinct human hematopoietic stem cells or immature cells that go through several steps in order to develop into different types of blood cells, such as white or red blood cells, or platelets.

They looked at long-term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and short-term HSCs found in the bone marrow of humans. The researchers wanted to map out the cellular machinery involved in the "dormancy" state of long-term cells, with their continuous self-renewing ability, as compared to the more primed, activated and "ready-to-go" short-term cells which can transition quickly into various blood cells.

The researchers found differences in the three-dimensional chromatin structures between the two stem cell types, which is significant since the ways in which chromatin is arranged or folded and looped impacts how genes and other parts of our genome are expressed and regulated.

Using state-of-the-art 3D mapping techniques, the scientists were able to analyze and link the long-term stem cell types with the activity of the chromatin folding protein CTCF and its ability to regulate the expression of 300 genes to control long-term, self-renewal.

"Until now, we have not had a comprehensive view of what makes a stem cell function in a particular way," says Dr. Dick, adding that the 300 genes represent what scientists now think is the "essence" of a long-term stem cell.

He adds that long-term dormant cells are a "protection" against malignancy, because they can survive for long periods and evade treatment, potentially causing relapse many years later.

However, a short-term stem cell that is poised to become active, dividing and reproducing more quickly than a long-term one, can gather up many more mutations, and sometimes these can progress to blood cancers, he adds.

"This research gives us insight into aspects of how cancer starts and how some cancer cells can retain stem-cell like properties that allow them to survive long-term," says Dr. Dick.

He adds that a deeper understanding of stem cells can also help with stem cells transplants for the treatment of blood cancers in the future, by potentially stimulating and growing these cells ex vivo (out of the body) for improved transplantation.

See more here:
Mapping out the mystery of blood stem cells - Science Codex

QUIONES

Adriana Quiones remembers the exact moment she decided to switch her career path to public gardening, which ultimately led to her current position as executive director of Peace River Botanical & Sculpture Gardens.

I was in Ohio and eventually worked for a national nonprofit in the green industry, which is plants, but it represented the for-profit side of things landscapers, garden centers, greenhouse growers, nurseries, things like that.

As an educational program director there, she was organizing conferences and recruiting guest speakers.

I liked that job and loved who I worked with, Ms. Quiones said, but there was a day I was in my office after sending 2,000 emails, and I looked out my window because I was tired of looking at my screen, and the guys were out landscaping. And I thought, I really miss being in a garden. And at that point, I decided I really needed to get back to public gardening, which is why I went to college in the first place.

Adriana Quiones poses by Steel Palm, a sculpture by Boston artist Jacob Kulin. It literally is paradise here, in my opinion, she says. I hate the cold, which is my Puerto Rican blood. Everybody told me Id be too hot down here, but no. I wear sweaters. CREDIT: BOB MASSEY / FLORIDA WEEKLY

That college career was impressive, and didnt come until she was already working in an arboretum an unusual job choice for someone who hated flowers growing up.

I just fell in love with trees and woody plants, Ms. Quiones said. I loved the permanence of them. There was one particular tree there that I fell in love with. It was called Stewartia pseudocamellia. I always get that name in every interview I do. That tree was so beautiful. I thought, If I can do trees, this Ill like.

After distinguishing herself by graduating summa cum laude with a bachelors degree in landscape horticulture from Ohio State University, she received a full academic scholarship to enter the OSU masters degree program in plant molecular genetics. There, she studied the genetic pathways leading to flowering in Magnolia virginiana, where she discovered and named three genes.

My mom said, Of all my children, youre the last one Id expect to go into horticulture, Ms. Quiones said with a laugh.

The career that seemed to run through her family was art but she almost didnt have a family. In fact, she almost wasnt born.

My dad was born and raised in Puerto Rico, but he served in the Army during the Korean War, Ms. Quiones explained. He had something miraculous happen, where he was supposed to get on a boat twice, and they called him off the boat. On one of those ships, most of the people died.

Her father lived to attend art school on the G.I. Bill, choosing the rinky dink Columbus Art School in Columbus, Ohio, over New Yorks Pratt Institute because it was cheaper to live there.

He spoke no English when he came here, Ms. Quiones said. He had no family in Ohio, knew no one. He ended up working as a graphic artist for the Department of Defense for his career in Columbus. Then he met my mom during that time, married her and had three girls.

Ms. Quiones, as well as her two older sisters, attended art school, to which Ms. Quiones had gotten a scholarship. Her son is an architect, and her daughter graduated with a degree in animation and illustration before enlisting in the Marines to become a combat artist.

She was deployed three times, and drew pictures, Ms. Quiones said. She just got out of active duty (in October).

The news that her daughter was going into the military was a surprise to Ms. Quiones.

Were a family of artists we make art, not war, she joked, belying her obvious motherly pride. And going into the Marines, of all the branches?

As she did in school, Ms. Quiones continues to excel in her profession. For example, the American Public Gardens Association is the trade organization for that industry, serving more than 600 member institutions representing more than 9,000 garden professionals in 14 countries. Ms. Quiones sits on its national board of directors, chairs the IDEA committee, and serves on the scholarship and governance committees.

She intends to use her skills, influence and experience to raise the level of Peace River Botanical & Sculpture Gardens.

I believe this garden will become a national-caliber garden, she said. How long that will take, I dont know Id like to say sooner rather than later but thats what this garden is headed toward. That is the goal of everyone involved here, is to bring us to the point where we are a national attraction, not just a local, attraction.

We want to add more sculptures. The sculpture part of this garden is what makes it unique. Selby is on the water. Naples is on the water. So we cant just say were on the water. To have this collection of sculptures from all over the world, by artists who are known internationally, and to expand that part of it, thats going to bring this garden up to quite a higher level.

As for now, she views Peace River Botanical & Sculpture Gardens as a haven of sorts. During the course of the pandemic, people can feel isolated. She wants the gardens to be a place where people can come to volunteer, meet others with like minds and interests, make friends and not feel so alone.

Were developing our educational programs so we can reach out to teach people about things that interest them, Ms. Quiones said. I have a bonsai class coming up. We have a class on the sensory garden. Weve become a community resource; we can talk about the environment.

Thats the stuff that excites me.

See more here:
The blossoming career of Adriana Quiones - Florida Weekly

Most everyones holiday plans were modified this year, but members of the University community are still finding ways to express gratitude, visit virtually and help others this Thanksgiving.

Some folks have opted to celebrate Thanksgiving at Pitt. Thats the case with students Isaiah Spencer-Williams, Samuel Copeland and Jahari Mercer, who live in the same house and will cook their own Thanksgiving meal while also making time to video chat with their families.

We thought it would be best for us to remain here and get tested before we leave for winter break, said Spencer-Williams, a second year PhD student studying civil and environmental engineering in Pitts Swanson School of Engineering.

The three said they are taking the time to achieve a semblance of normalcy while strengthening bonds.

Its finding ways to be creative and creating special moments with family and friends while adjusting to the pandemic, said Mercer, a first-year Master of Business Administration candidate in Pitts Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business.

Were all trying to have a good time through all of this, and this would bring us closer together as friends, said Copeland, a junior civil engineering major in the Swanson School.

Others are taking the time to help their neighbors through the holiday season.Susan Fullerton, associate professor ofchemical and petroleum engineering, said her family will make baked goods for some neighbors who recently lost some loved ones.

We want to try and give them a little bit of joy on what will be a difficult day for them. It will be fun putting Mister Rogers message of being neighborly into action, said Fullerton.The show (Mister Rogers Neighborhood) was really big for usmy husband and I grew up watching it. My daughters are now really into the spinoff show, Daniel Tigers Neighborhood.

She said she wants her children to take opportunities to empathize with other people and try to help whenever they can. Mister Rogers said to look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helping.

Brittany Rodriguez, a bioengineering graduate student, works with PITT STRIVE, a program that eases the transitions of underrepresented minority students into doctoral engineering programs at Pitt.

Every year since high school, Rodriguez sends a Thanksgiving meal to families in need. I got to see firsthand people who werent able to get a meal for Thanksgiving and they didnt have enough money to put food on the table, she said. Seeing that broke my heart, so I wanted to do the best I could to give people at least one thing. Rodriguez says she encourages others to give during the holidays.

The Pitt Pantry offered another way to get involved with the special Wednesday distribution of Thanksgiving dinner kits to students who cant go home for Thanksgiving this year.

Here are a few other ways members of the Pitt community are celebrating Thanksgiving during these unprecedented times.

John V. Williams, member of the COVID-19 Medical Response Office, division director, Infectious Diseases; Henry L. Hillman Professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Molecular Genetics; director, Institute for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity in Children (i4Kids): Usually, we have extended family with 20 or more people from both sides and possibly friends. This year, itll be only immediate family. We were going to have the grandparents eating six feet away, but given the increasing cases, we canceled. We would rather wait until its safe to have family Thanksgiving sometime next year.

Ann E. Cudd, provost and senior vice chancellor: I plan to start Thanksgiving Day with a pre-meal run in Schenley Park. My husband and I are looking forward to trying some new recipes from NYT Cooking that we've been curious about for a while. At dinner, it will be just the two of us eating togetherbut we plan to Zoom with family members coast to coast. I'm also looking forward to watching the Steelers, reading and looking at photos from last year's Florida family Thanksgiving. Wed hoped to do that again, but we'll wait now for a safer opportunity.

Everette James, interim dean of the Graduate School of Public Health, director of the Health Policy Institute, M. Allen Pond Professor of health policy and management and associate vice chancellor for health policy and planning: The James family will be celebrating Thanksgiving at home in Pittsburgh this year with our daughters. Our daughter Katie who plays college golf recovered from COVID-19 two weeks ago and travelled to Pittsburgh on a direct flight from Dallas after testing negative prior to departure. We will be joining grandparents via Zoom for a Thanksgiving old home movie sharing and holiday toasts. Happy thanksgiving all!

Beth Hoffman, research assistant, Center for Research on Media, Technology and Health: Every Thanksgiving my sister and I watch The West Wing and Friends Thanksgiving-themed episodes before dinner, and that tradition will continue this year.

Kenyon Bonner, vice provost and dean of students: This year, our family will be celebrating Thanksgiving Day with the members of our household only. We will deliver Thanksgiving dinner (contactless) to our college student who lives off campus and join other members of our family virtually. My wife and I will miss seeing everyone in person but rest easier knowing that everyone is safe.

Jamie Ducar, director of community engagement in the Office of Community and Governmental Relations (CGR): Thanksgiving this year will be small and festive. Now that my son is two, he can finally start to enjoy and understand family holiday traditions. Speaking of new traditions, my family set up a Zoom game night Thursday evening after dinner. Its been nice to connect more regularly and check in on one another.Additionally, CGR & Pitt Athletics worked together to support neighbor-led efforts to increase access to holiday meals in Homewood and Hazelwood. Im currently brainstorming how the Pitt community can celebrate the holiday spirit in new and different ways.

Read more:
Giving Thanks Around the Community | Pittwire | University of Pittsburgh - UPJ Athletics

Researchers from Mount Sinai and the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology in Japan have identified new molecular mechanisms driving late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD), as well as a promising therapeutic candidate for treatment, according to a study in the journal Neuron. LOAD is the most prevalent form of dementia among people over age 65, a progressive and irreversible brain disorder affecting more than 5.5 million people in the U.S., and the sixth leading cause of death.

"Our study advances the understanding of LOAD pathogenesis by revealing not only its global structures, but detailed circuits of complex molecular interactions and regulations in key brain regions affected by LOAD," said the lead author Bin Zhang, PhD, Professor of Genetics and Genomic Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Director of the Center for Transformative Disease Modeling. "The network models we created serve as a blueprint for identifying novel therapeutic targets that respond directly to the urgent need for new ways to prevent, treat, and delay the onset of LOAD."

Previous genetic and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified some genetic mutations associated with LOAD, but the causal variants of the disease have remained uncharacterized. To explore the molecular mechanisms driving the pathogenesis of LOAD, the Mount Sinai-led team performed an integrative network biology analysis of a whole genome and RNA sequencing dataset from multiple cortical brain regions of hundreds of donors, both healthy and with LOAD. This work revealed thousands of molecular changes and uncovered numerous neuron-specific gene subnetworks dysregulated in LOAD.

From that investigation researchers predicted that ATP6V1A, a protein-coding gene, plays a major role in a critical signaling pathway in the brain, and that its deficit could be traced to LOAD. That linkage was evaluated using two methods: a CRISPR-based technique to manipulate ATP6V1A levels in donor-matched brain cells in vitro, and in RNAi-based knockdown in transgenic Drosophila models, meaning that genetic material is artificially introduced into fly models and specific genes are effectively silenced to study the effects. Indeed, the knockdown of ATP6V1A worsened LOAD-related neurodegeneration in both models.

Just as significantly, researchers predicted that a drug compound, NCH-51, could normalize the dysregulated genes in LOAD, including ATP6V1A, and demonstrated that NCH-51 dramatically improved the neuronal and neurodegenerative effects of the ATP6V1A deficit in both model systems. Specifically, the CRISPR-based experiment using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) demonstrated that repression of ATP6V1A, particularly in combination with -amyloid -- a key neuropathological hallmark of AD -- dramatically impacted neuronal function. "The human-based system we created proved to be a promising way to model the mechanisms underlying risk and progression in diseases like LOAD where living tissues are not available," observed Kristen Brennand, PhD, Associate Professor, Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai, and co-author of the study.

The Drosophila experiments were also revealing, demonstrating that ATP6V1A deficit exacerbated both -amyloid-mediated toxicity and tau-mediated axon degeneration. "This finding suggests that ATP6V1A may have broad neuroprotective effects and serve as a potential therapeutic target for other tau-related neurodegenerative diseases," says Dr. Koichi M. Iijima, Head of the Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research at the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology in Japan, and senior author of the study.

As Dr. Zhang points out, the groundbreaking research by Mount Sinai and its Japanese partner could have significance beyond just LOAD. "We've created a framework for advanced modeling of complex human diseases in general," he explains, "and that could well lead to the discovery of molecular mechanisms and the identification of novel targets that are able to deliver transformative new therapeutics."

See original here:
Potential new therapies for Alzheimer's disease are revealed through network modeling of its complex molecular interactions - Science Codex

Baylor College of Medicine and other institutions joined theHuman Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Consortium in a collaborative global research project supported by the National Institutes of Health to sequence genomes from regions and countries across Africa. The research paves the way for more broadly representative and relevant studies ranging from basic through clinical genetics.

TheHuman Genome Sequencing Centerat Baylor College of Medicine worked with the H3Africa consortium and local African governments to acquire consented samples from 13 countries across the continent and generate high-coverage whole genome sequence data on 314 individuals representing 50 ethnolinguistic groups. This allowed the researchers to examine rare genetic variants in an accurate and quantifiable way, in addition to the common variants that have been the focus of most of the previous genetic studies in Africans.

Migrations

We found an impressive breadth of genomic diversity among these genomes, and each ethnolinguistic group had unique genetic variants, said senior author, Dr. Neil Hanchard, assistant professor of molecular and human genetics and the USDA/ARS Childrens Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine and senior author on the study. There was a great deal of variation among people in the same region of Africa, and even among those from the same country. This reflects the deep history and rich genomic diversity across Africa, from which we can learn much about population history, environmental adaptation and susceptibility to diseases.

The researchers showed more than 3 million novel variants in the genomes sequenced, and were able to use the data to examine historic patterns and pinpoint migration events that were previously unknown.

For the first time, our data showed evidence of movement that took place 50 to 70 generations ago from East Africa to a region in central Nigeria. This movement is reflected in the genomes of a Nigerian ethnolinguistic group and is distinct from previous reports of gene flow between East and West Africa, said Dr. Adebowale Adeyemo, deputy director of the Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health at the National Human Genome Research Institute, and a senior author on the study. This data gives us a more complete picture of the genetic history of Africa.

Forces of natural selection

The researchers found more than 100 areas of the genome with evidence of being under natural selection. A sizable proportion of these regions were associated with genes related to immunity.

When you consider which forces have shaped African genetic diversity, you might think of malaria and sleeping sickness, Hanchard said. Our study suggests that viral infections could also have influenced genomic differences between people, via genes that affect individuals disease susceptibility.

There were also noticeable variations in selection signals between different parts of the continent.

Our findings suggest that adaptation to local environments, diets or pathogens might have accompanied the migration of populations to new geographic regions, said Dr. Dhriti Sengupta, one of the lead analysts from SBIMB, University of Witwatersrand.

The researchers hope their work will lead to wider recognition of the extent of undocumented genomic variation across the African continent, and of the need for continued studies of the many diverse populations in Africa.

Adding genomic data from diverse populations is essential to ensure that all global populations can benefit from the advances in health that precision medicine offers, saidDr. Zan Lombard, associate professor at the Division of Human Genetics of the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, and a senior author on the study.

Are you interested in reading all the details of this work? Find them in the journal Nature.

Dr. Richard Gibbs, Donna Muzny and Ginger Metcalf from the Human Genome Sequencing Center at Baylor contributed to this work. Find the complete list of all the contributors and their affiliations, as well as the financial support for this study in thepublication.

By Molly Chiu

View original post here:
African genomes reveal biological and migration history - Baylor College of Medicine News

LA JOLLA, Calif., Nov. 24, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- MediciNova, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company traded on the NASDAQ Global Market (NASDAQ:MNOV) and the JASDAQ Market of the Tokyo Stock Exchange (Code Number: 4875), today announced that Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-based Master Virus Seed Stock (MVSS) production of its novel intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for COVID-19, using BC-PIV technology, has been initiated at Millipore Sigma BioReliance Services, a group company of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.

Yuichi Iwaki, M.D., Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of MediciNova, Inc. commented, We are pleased to begin production of MVSS, a key step in the production of vaccines, at Millipore Sigma BioReliance Services. We look forward to producing an effective intranasal COVID-19 vaccine and reporting additional development progress in the near future.

About Master Virus Seed Stock (MVSS)

MVSS is a seed virus necessary to produce BC-PIV/S. By infecting MVSS to the packaging cells, BC-PIV/S is produced, which is then recovered and purified to produce the BC-PIV SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for clinical studies.

About the BC-PIV SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine for COVID-19

BC-PIV, an innovative non-transmissible viral vector co-developed by BioComo and Mie University, is derived from the recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV2). It is highly efficient in its ability to transfer multiple foreign proteins to recipients and has a strong safety profile as no secondary infectious virus is produced. BC-PIV is designed to display not only the gene but also the foreign protein itself on the surface and inside of the viral membrane. Therefore, it can carry the large membrane proteins of viruses and signal transduction receptors/ligand proteins on the viral surface. BC-PIV is able to carry the proteins that require a proper three-dimensional structure or multimeric structure while maintaining the structure. BC-PIV elicits good immunogenicity against antigen proteins without adjuvants. The BC-PIV SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prototype has been developed to include the specific SARS-CoV-2 antigen protein in order to express maximum antigenicity. The BC-PIV SARS-COV-2 vaccine can be developed as an intranasal vaccine in addition to an intramuscular injection because of its high affinity to nasal and upper respiratory tract mucosa, which is the same route of the natural infection of SARS-CoV-2. An intranasal vaccine is expected to induce local mucosal immunity. To date, BioComo has succeeded in producing a recombinant Ebola virus vaccine (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-49579-y) and a Respiratory Syncytial virus prefusion F vaccine (unpublished data) using this BC-PIV platform technology.

About BioComo

BioComo, a biotech company founded at Mie Prefecture Japan in May 2008, is developing cutting-edge technology platforms for creating the novel and predominant vaccine carriers and adjuvants to enhance immunity in collaboration with the Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Department of Mie University. They have already succeeded in the development of a highly efficacious and state-of-the art vaccine carrier and novel adjuvant candidates. Their technology will be applied to the production of the next generation vaccines for the prevention of infections such as RS virus, Ebola virus, Influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2. It will also enable faster and more cost-effective production of those vaccines. BC-PIV is the core platform technology which carries the corporate namesake, BioComo, and the leading vaccine carrier that is derived from the recombinant human parainfluenza virus 2 (hPIV2) vectors. BioComo is dedicated to inventing new vaccines for both global infection threats as well as malignant tumors.

About MediciNovaMediciNova, Inc. is a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company founded upon acquiring and developing novel, small-molecule therapeutics for the treatment of diseases with unmet medical needs with a primary commercial focus on the U.S. market. MediciNova's current strategy is to focus on BC-PIV SARS-COV-2 vaccine for COVID-19, MN-166 (ibudilast) for neurological disorders such as progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and substance dependence (e.g., alcohol use disorder, methamphetamine dependence, opioid dependence) and glioblastoma, as well as prevention of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID-19, and MN-001 (tipelukast) for fibrotic diseases such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). MediciNovas pipeline also includes MN-221 (bedoradrine) for the treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma and MN-029 (denibulin) for solid tumor cancers. MediciNova is engaged in strategic partnering and other potential funding discussions to support further development of its programs. For more information on MediciNova, Inc., please visit http://www.medicinova.com.

Statements in this press release that are not historical in nature constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding the future development and efficacy of BC-PIV SARS-COV-2 vaccine, MN-166, MN-001, MN-221, and MN-029. These forward-looking statements may be preceded by, followed by or otherwise include the words "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "estimates," "projects," "can," "could," "may," "will," "would," considering, planning or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, risks of obtaining future partner or grant funding for development of BC-PIV SARS-COV-2 vaccine, MN-166, MN-001, MN-221, and MN-029 and risks of raising sufficient capital when needed to fund MediciNova's operations and contribution to clinical development, risks and uncertainties inherent in clinical trials, including the potential cost, expected timing and risks associated with clinical trials designed to meet FDA guidance and the viability of further development considering these factors, product development and commercialization risks, the uncertainty of whether the results of clinical trials will be predictive of results in later stages of product development, the risk of delays or failure to obtain or maintain regulatory approval, risks associated with the reliance on third parties to sponsor and fund clinical trials, risks regarding intellectual property rights in product candidates and the ability to defend and enforce such intellectual property rights, the risk of failure of the third parties upon whom MediciNova relies to conduct its clinical trials and manufacture its product candidates to perform as expected, the risk of increased cost and delays due to delays in the commencement, enrollment, completion or analysis of clinical trials or significant issues regarding the adequacy of clinical trial designs or the execution of clinical trials, and the timing of expected filings with the regulatory authorities, MediciNova's collaborations with third parties, the availability of funds to complete product development plans and MediciNova's ability to obtain third party funding for programs and raise sufficient capital when needed, and the other risks and uncertainties described in MediciNova's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and its subsequent periodic reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. Undue reliance should not be placed on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. MediciNova disclaims any intent or obligation to revise or update these forward-looking statements.

Read more here:
MediciNova Announces Initiation of Master Virus Seed Stock Production for its Intranasal COVID-19 Vaccine using BC-PIV Vector Technology -...

US rare disease-focused biotech BioMarin has entered a preclinical collaboration with Toronto-based artificial intelligence (AI) company Deep Genomics to discover and develop oligonucleotide drug candidates for four undisclosed rare diseases with high unmet need.

According to the terms of the agreement, the partners will leverage Deep Genomics AI drug discovery platform, the AI Workbench, to identify and validate target mechanisms and lead candidates, while BioMarin will be responsible for pre-clinical and clinical development.

Once candidates are found, BioMarin will have the exclusive option to Deep Genomics rights to the programmes. In return, Deep Genomics will receive upfront and development milestone payments from BioMarin. Although BioMarins policy is not to disclose financial information, Deep Genomics CEO and founder Brendan Frey notes the upfront and near-term payments are comparable and similar to recent deals coming out of other AI companies, like insitro, Recursion and Atomwise.

In September, Recursion signed an $80m deal with Bayer for AI-guided small molecule drug discovery collaboration. insitro is set to receive a $50m upfront payment and $20m in near-term payments from Bristol Myers Squibb for a partnership focused on discovering drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.

Founded in 2015, Deep Genomics work centres around the capabilities of its genetic disease-focused AI Workbench, which leverages deep learning, automation and vast amounts of in vitro and in vivo data. Frey explains the AI Workbench is the backbone of everything we do from identifying drug targets and designing drugs, to ensuring that the correct experimental materials and protocols are used.

The company carried out a proof of concept in 2019 in Wilsons disease, a recessive genetic disorder linked with the ATP7B gene that causes liver disease and neurological abnormalities, and proved the platform could identify a gene target and design a therapeutic candidate to correct the mutation. Frey explains: That was a breakthrough for AI in biotech, and this program is on the way to the clinic.

However, following this, Deep Genomics moved to expand and refine the capabilities of the Workbench. This second-generation version enables Deep Genomics to find genetic determinants of disease, to understand disease pathology, and to identify a lead therapeutic candidate to resolve that disruption by enhancing protein expression, according to Frey.

He adds: For novel target mechanisms identified by our AI Workbench, 50% of them result in lead drug candidates, and we can achieve that within 12 months. This speed and efficacy, Frey argues, is unprecedented in the AI discovery field.

Deep Genomics AI Workbench 2.0 will be leveraged in its collaboration with BioMarin to discover oligonucleotide therapies. This type of therapy is a particular focus of Deep Genomics platform because it can successfully predict alterations in molecular phenotypes, such as transcription, splicing, translation and protein binding. Deep Genomics therapeutic for Wilsons disease is an oligonucleotide and is progressing into pre-clinical trials.

Frey explains that collaborating with BioMarin is an important proof for Deep Genomics and its platform. BioMarin is a [rare disease] industry leader and has its pick of AI therapeutics companies to partner with, he says. They chose Deep Genomics because we are unique in having technology that gives us line of sight from genetics of disease to novel therapeutic targets and drug candidates.

This deal with BioMarin positions Deep Genomics to be the go-to company for advancing novel targets and oligonucleotide therapies.

BioMarin chief scientific strategy officer and senior vice-president Lon Cardon noted in a statement: We believe the combination of Deep Genomics experience in using artificial intelligence to creatively modulate targets coupled with our proven track record in developing transformational medicines for patients with rare diseases will speed BioMarins trajectory into new biological frontiers.

Frey is hopeful that Deep Genomics will have identified a lead candidate for two of the four targeted disease indications within one year.

Deep Genomics is planning to use the undisclosed upfront and near-term upfront payments from BioMarin to also extend our cash runway as we look to build our internal pipeline while also seeking other partnerships to take advantage of the broad applicability of the AI Workbench, according to Frey.

He explains that partnering will be central to Deep Genomics corporate strategy as the platform is developing programs more rapidly than any small company would be able to advance independently. In the first quarter of 2021, Deep Genomics is expecting to sign one more pharma partnership.

Generally, Deep Genomics strategy is to partner with companies interested in our current programs or a target they have been exploring, says Frey. In addition to exploring Wilsons disease, Deep Genomics is advancing programmes in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopment disorders, such as early-onset epilepsy.

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A recent report on the Opthalmic Drugs market published by Fact.MR elaborates on factors responsible for its growth. The global Opthalmic Drugs market is anticipated to gain momentum in the coming years and exhibit a CAGR ofxx%. The report emphasizes growth parameters such as drivers, restraints, upcoming challenges, and future opportunities. It also lists the names of players functioning in the Opthalmic Drugs market and the strategies adopted by them to stay put in the market competition. The entry of new players with their motive is also discussed in the report.

The current impact of COVID-19 on the Opthalmic Drugs market has also been discussed elaborately in the report with key emphasis on possible revenue generation outcomes if any. The implementation of global lockdown resulted in a temporary shutdown of all businesses and transport services. The Opthalmic Drugs market suffered huge losses in terms of new development and revenue generation. Various healthcare organizations are engaging in research and development for the discovery of novel therapeutics to fight back the coronavirus pandemic.

The report on the Opthalmic Drugs market discusses the possible outcomes of investment in certain strategies that can be adopted during the forecast period for generating revenues. We at Fact.MR is providing digitalization tools for gathering innovative ideas and interesting insights related to the market. Such vital information will help investors accordingly take action. The main objective of the report is to draw a basic outline of the Opthalmic Drugs market and describe its classification.

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The end-use sections are further categorized into the following:

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Allergen, Bausch & Lomb Incorporated (Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.), Genentech, Inc., (F. Hoffmann- La Roche Ltd.), Novartis AG, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Bayer AG, Pfizer, Inc., to name a few.

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The business pattern of each player has been elaborately discussed in the report. This includes innovative product launches, partnerships, mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, and others. Besides this, the report also encompasses the possible threats and possible growth opportunities that the market players may face during the forecast period.

The Opthalmic Drugs market report answers some important questions such as:

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FactMR not only provides market figures and discusses the key segments but also provides more input into the past and future of this market. In addition, we also provide:

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North America Latin America japan Europe Region to Attract Manufacturers Attention in the Opthalmic Drugs Market through 2025 - The Cloud Tribune

The Tissue Ablation Market grew in 2019, as compared to 2018, according to our report, Tissue Ablation Market is likely to have subdued growth in 2020 due to weak demand on account of reduced industry spending post Covid-19 outbreak. Further, Tissue Ablation Market will begin picking up momentum gradually from 2021 onwards and grow at a healthy CAGR between 2021-2025

Deep analysis about market status (2016-2019), competition pattern, advantages and disadvantages of products, industry development trends (2019-2025), regional industrial layout characteristics and macroeconomic policies, industrial policy has also been included. From raw materials to downstream buyers of this industry have been analysed scientifically. This report will help you to establish comprehensive overview of the Tissue Ablation Market

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The Tissue Ablation Market is analysed based on product types, major applications and key players

Key product type:Radiofrequency AblationUltrasound AblationLaser-Based AblationIrreversible ElectroporationCryoablation DevicesMicrowaves AblationHydrothermal AblationExternal Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

Key applications:OncologyCardiologyGynecologyCosmetologyUrologyOpthalmology

Key players or companies covered are:Boston ScientificJohnson & JohnsonMedtronicSt. Jude Medical

The report provides analysis & data at a regional level (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa , Rest of the world) & Country level (13 key countries The U.S, Canada, Germany, France, UK, Italy, China, Japan, India, Middle East, Africa, South America)

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Key questions answered in the report:1. What is the current size of the Tissue Ablation Market, at a global, regional & country level?2. How is the market segmented, who are the key end user segments?3. What are the key drivers, challenges & trends that is likely to impact businesses in the Tissue Ablation Market?4. What is the likely market forecast & how will be Tissue Ablation Market impacted?5. What is the competitive landscape, who are the key players?6. What are some of the recent M&A, PE / VC deals that have happened in the Tissue Ablation Market?

The report also analysis the impact of COVID 19 based on a scenario-based modelling. This provides a clear view of how has COVID impacted the growth cycle & when is the likely recovery of the industry is expected to pre-covid levels.

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Tissue Ablation Market Research Report: Know Market Dynamics, Opportunities and Risks 2026 - The Market Feed

When he departs the White House on January 20, Donald Trump will leave this region with

a toxic legacy. First and foremost, his ongoing campaign to delegitimise the Palestinian people and encourage Israel to continue colonising their homeland has had disastrous consequences for both Palestine and countries further afield.

Trump defied decades old international policy by recognising occupied East Jerusalem as part of Israel's capital although its status is meant to be determined in negotiations between Palestine and Israel. Trump cancelled the US contribution to UNRWA, the UN agency providing for five million Palestinian refugees. This has deprived UNRWA of $665 million over two years and forced the agency to cut expenditures, services and staff jobs. For decades, the US donation had been one-third of UNRWA's budget. Trump has also cut off all funding for USAID projects in the Israeli-occupied Gaza Strip, West Bank, East Jerusalem, where the St John's Opthalmic and Makassad hospitals in East Jerusalem were defunded.

Trump closed the Palestinian diplomatic mission in Washington, launched his "Deal of the Century" peace plan which promised the Palestinians economic incentives to agree to accept autonomy in isolated islets of territory in Gaza, the West Bank, a capital on the edge of East Jerusalem and Israel's annexation of 30 per cent of the West Bank, including the Jordan Valley. Israel would remain in control of Palestinian air, land and sea. This plan rejected by the Palestinians, the Arabs, and the international community would have put paid to Palestinian hopes for an end to the occupation and statehood. Trump has consigned the Palestinian people to either endless occupation or perpetual exile.

Trump followed up these "gifts" to Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu and his right-wing government with others. In March 2019, he recognised as part of Israel, the occupied Syrian Golan Heights. In November of that year, his Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, a radical evangelical Christian, declared that Israeli "settlements" in occupied territory are not "inconsistent with international law", although occupiers are prohibited by international law from colonising and annexing conquered territories, a dikta accepted by the majority of countries. Pompeo's statement amounted to a reversal of the Obama's administration policy on "settlements" and of earlier administrations which regarded them, a least, as "obstacles" to a peace deal. Last week, Pompeo took a further provocative step by not only visiting an Israeli colony near Ramallah in the West Bank but also going to a colony in the Syrian Golan. Pompeo subsequently declared products from colonies could be labelled "Made in Israel", rather than in the West Bank or Golan colonies.

Pompeo piled on the administration's anti-Palestinian policies by declaring that Washington would regard as "anti-Semitic", the Palestinian-led Boycott, Divest, and Sanction (BDS) movement, designed to put pressure on Israel to end its occupation and reach a just deal with the Palestinians. He labelled BDS a "cancer". He said he would identify and sanction organisations that adopt "politically motivated actions intended to penalise or limit commercial relations with Israel". This policy would put an end to peaceful Palestinian, Arab and international resistance to Israel's occupation regime even though resistance both violent and peaceful is legal under international law.

As it nears the end of its term in office, the Trump administration has also ruled that US citizens born in Jerusalem can put "born in Israel" on their passports and that Jonathan Pollard, convicted of spying on the US navy for Israel, could leave the US to live in Israel although he had been banned from doing just this.

Trump also gifted Netanyahu with the withdrawal of the US from the 2015 six-nation agreement lifting sanctions on Iran in exchange for reducing its nuclear programme by 90 per cent. This involved violating the terms of a deal which has the force of an international treaty. Trump also reimposed sanctions which had been lifted and imposed fresh primary and secondary sanctions in order to prevent governments, businesses and individuals from dealing with Iran. This punitive policy, adopted during the global COVID pandemic, has impoverished millions of Iranians and Syrians, whose government is allied to Iran, and Lebanese, whose Hizbollah movement is tied to Iran. Why did Trump oblige Netanyahu? Because of the opposition to Israel of Iran, Syria, and Hizbollah.

Nevertheless, pulling out of the nuclear deal has not been enough for Netanyahu who has pressed the Trump administration to take military action against Iran. Trump did this by assassinating Iranian Quds Force commander Qassem Suleimani in Baghdad in January and by threatening further strikes if Iran retaliated. Tehran did not oblige and patiently awaits the end of Trump's reign.

The murder of Suleimani and Iraqi Abu Mahdi Al Muhandis, deputy head of Iraq's Popular Mobilisation Forces, which consists largely of pro-Iranian militias, prompted a vote in the Iraqi parliament demanding the total withdrawal of US and other foreign forces from that country. The Trump administration refused at first but is now planning to pull out 500 of the remaining 3,000 US troops deployed in Iraq. This is a half measure which will please neither the Pentagon nor the Iraqi people. They seek an end to the current Iran-friendly Shia sectarian regime and want both the US and Iran to stop intervening in their affairs.

The strike on Suleimani combined with anti-government protests led to the fall of Prime Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi and the formation of a new cabinet by Mustafa Al Kadhimi who has struggled to contain demonstrations and restrain pro-Iranian militias from mounting rocket attacks on military bases housing US forces. Determined to deny Trump a pretext to attack Iran itself, Tehran displayed its influence in Iraq by ordering the militias to suspend their attacks.

Trump's exit from the White House on January 20 will be welcomed by a majority of people in this region, but his destructive policies will be hard to reverse and will continue to inflict damage and suffering.

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Trump will leave this region with toxic legacy when departing White House - Jordan Times

Blepharitis is an inflammatory condition of the eyelid, which causes ocular discomfort and irritation in all age groups of the population. The disease is not sight-threatening but can lead to permanent alterations in the eyelid margin or vision loss from superficial keratopathy, ulceration, and corneal neovascularization. Blepharitis is classified into anterior and posterior. Anterior blepharitis affects the eyelid skin, base of the eyelashes, and the eyelash follicles. Posterior blepharitis affects the meibomian glands and gland orifices, causing meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The treatment for blepharitis includes daily eyelid cleansing routines and the use of therapeutic agents to reduce infection and inflammation. Therapeutics or drugs expand the capabilities of blepharitis treatment and enable new diagnostic and treatment applications for patients. Many research institutes and laboratories are focusing on the delivery of blepharitis treatment through different therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. The modulation of unique technology and approach toward the diagnosis of blepharitis ensures better functional ability to cure common types of eye diseases. New developments in pharmological and optometry approaches allow the imaging of diseases or infections at the cellular and molecular level. This is paving the way for the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

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High incidence of ocular disorders such as dry eyes, acne rosacea, and demodex infestation; rise in patient awareness, increase in research and development initiatives, and the advent of high-throughput screening (HTS) for drug discovery for ocular diseases are key factors driving the blepharitis treatment market. According to the American Academy of Opthalmology, a survey report from U.S. ophthalmologists and optometrists states that 37% to 47% of patients were diagnosed with signs of blepharitis. In Spain, a sample population reported a rate of asymptomatic and symptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction of 21.9% and 8.6% of individuals, respectively. Increase in the number of patients with ocular diseases, rise in the geriatric population, and rapidly increasing awareness about therapeutics and drugs for blepharitis treatment are projected to fuel the blepharitis treatment market. However, factors such as side effects of drugs and lengthy procedures are expected to hamper the blepharitis treatment market.

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The global blepharitis treatment market can be segmented based on therapy, distribution channel, and region. In terms of therapy, the blepharitis treatment market can be classified into topical antibiotics, oral antibiotics, steroids, topical lubrication, and others. Oral antibiotics is a rapidly expanding segment of the market as oral antibiotics offer anti-inflammatory and lipid-regulating properties. Based on distribution channel, the market can be categorized into online pharmacies, hospital pharmacies, retail pharmacies, and others.

In terms of region, the market can be segmented into North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Middle East & Africa. North America dominates the global blepharitis treatment market due to an increase in funding for the development of research and health care infrastructure. Rise in the incidence of ocular diseases such blepharitis and early phase diagnosis and treatment of diseases are driving the biotechnology & pharmaceutical sector in the region, which, in turn, is expected to boost the blepharitis treatment market in North America. Europe is a prominent region of the blepharitis treatment market due to favorable government policies regarding the development of health care infrastructure and the presence of gene therapy companies.The market in Asia Pacific is expected to expand at a high growth rate during the forecast period due to a rise in the population, changing lifestyles, increase in awareness among patients, and rise in per capita expenditure. Additionally, the economic growth in India and China is propelling health care infrastructure as well as the expansion of pharmaceutical companies and biotech labs.

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Major players operating in the global blepharitis treatment market include AbbVie Inc., Amgen Inc., Biogen Inc., Celgene Corporation, Pfizer Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Gilead Sciences, Inc., Novartis AG, Johnson & Johnson, Lux Biosciences, Merck , Thea Pharmaceuticals Ltd., NovaBay Pharmaceuticals, Scope Pharma, InSite Vision, Inc., Gelderma S.A., and Perrigo Company plc..

This study by TMR is all-encompassing framework of the dynamics of the market. It mainly comprises critical assessment of consumers or customers journeys, current and emerging avenues, and strategic framework to enable CXOs take effective decisions.

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Blepharitis Treatment Market set to witness surge in demand over the forecast period - Murphy's Hockey Law

A business intelligence report on theglobalAllergic Rhinitis Treatment DeviceMarketoffers quantitative estimation of the opportunities and qualitative assessment various growth dynamics. The study highlights estimations of the opportunities in the historical period, and offers several projections during the forecast period.

The study on the Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market includes detailed market estimations of opportunities in various segments and their share/size globally in each year during the forecast period. The following are the broad insights that form the backbone of the evaluation of the Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market.

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What Businesses Can Hope to Get in Business Intelligence on Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market?

The study insights on the Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market growth dynamics and opportunities highlights various key aspects, in which crucial ones are:

Insights and Perspectives that make this Study on Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market Stand Out

The analysts who have prepared the report have been keen observers of the dynamism due to macroeconomic upheavals. Using the best industry assessment quantitative methods and data integration technologies, they have come out with a holistic overview of the future growth trajectories of the Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market. Fact-based insights and easy-to-comprehend information based on wide spectrum of market data is what makes this study different from competitors.

The following evaluations create a differentiating approach towards understanding the market dynamics and presenting the crux to its readers:

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Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Device Market Projected to Experience Major Revenue Boost during the Period between 2018 to 2028 - The Cloud Tribune

MELVILLE, N.Y., Nov. 20, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. (BioRestorative or the Company) (OTC: BRTX), a life sciences company focused on stem cell-based therapies, announced today that its amended joint plan of reorganization has become effective and it has emerged from Chapter 11 reorganization. Pursuant to the confirmed plan of reorganization, the Company has received $3,848,000 in financing. The confirmed plan of reorganization also provides for additional funding, subject to certain conditions, of $3,500,000 less the sum of the debtor-in-possession financing provided to the Company during the reorganization (approximately $1,227,000) and the costs incurred by the debtor-in-possession lender.

In connection with the reorganization, Lance Alstodt has been appointed the Companys President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Mr. Alstodt said, This process has been a long and challenging journey for the Company. Im inspired by the great resolve and execution from our employees, professionals and investors. We are very pleased that all requirements have been met for us to emerge. Allowed creditor claims have been fully satisfied and, as importantly, our equity holders have retained their shares in this exciting new opportunity. We were able to preserve all of our intellectual property assets and look forward to initiating our Phase 2 clinical trial.

Based upon the Companys emergence from Chapter 11 reorganization, FINRA has removed the Q at the end of its trading symbol. Shareholders do not need to exchange their shares for new shares.

About BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.

BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. (www.biorestorative.com) develops therapeutic products using cell and tissue protocols, primarily involving adult stem cells. Our two core programs, as described below, relate to the treatment of disc/spine disease and metabolic disorders:

Disc/Spine Program (brtxDISC): Our lead cell therapy candidate,BRTX-100,is a product formulated from autologous (or a persons own) cultured mesenchymal stem cells collected from the patients bone marrow. We intend that the product will be used for the non-surgical treatment of painful lumbosacral disc disorders. TheBRTX-100production process utilizes proprietary technology and involves collecting a patients bone marrow, isolating and culturing stem cells from the bone marrow and cryopreserving the cells. In an outpatient procedure,BRTX-100is to be injected by a physician into the patients damaged disc. The treatment is intended for patients whose pain has not been alleviated by non-invasive procedures and who potentially face the prospect of surgery. We have received authorization from the Food and Drug Administration to commence a Phase 2 clinical trial usingBRTX-100to treat persistent lower back pain due to painful degenerative discs.

Metabolic Program (ThermoStem): We are developing a cell-based therapy to target obesity and metabolic disorders using brown adipose (fat) derived stem cells to generate brown adipose tissue (BAT). BAT is intended to mimic naturally occurring brown adipose depots that regulate metabolic homeostasis in humans. Initial preclinical research indicates that increased amounts of brown fat in the body may be responsible for additional caloric burning as well as reduced glucose and lipid levels. Researchers have found that people with higher levels of brown fat may have a reduced risk for obesity and diabetes.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release containsforward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and such forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You are cautioned that such statements are subject to a multitude of risks and uncertainties that could cause future circumstances, events or results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors and other risks, including, without limitation, those set forth in the Companys latest Form 10-K filedwith the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should consider these factors in evaluating the forward-looking statements included herein, and not place undue reliance on such statements. The forward-looking statements in this release are made as of the date hereof and the Company undertakes no obligation to update such statements.

CONTACT:Email: ir@biorestorative.com

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BioRestorative Therapies Emerges from Chapter 11 Reorganization - OrthoSpineNews

At research pens in Chile researchers develop strains of farmed Atlantic salmon with improved traits such as growth and health.

By Erik StokstadNov. 19, 2020 , 2:00 PM

Two years ago, off the coast of Norway, the blue-hulled Ro Fjell pulled alongside Ocean Farm 1, a steel-netted pen the size of a city block. Attaching a heavy vacuum hose to the pen, the ships crew began to pump brawny adult salmon out of the water and into a tank below deck. Later, they offloaded the fish at a shore-based processing facility owned by SalMar, a major salmon aquaculture company.

The 2018 harvest marked the debut of the worlds largest offshore fish pen, 110 meters wide. SalMars landmark facility, which dwarfs the typical pens kept in calmer, coastal waters, can hold 1.5 million fishwith 22,000 sensors monitoring their environment and behaviorthat are ultimately shipped all over the world. The fish from Ocean Farm 1 were 10% larger than average, thanks to stable, favorable temperatures. And the deep water and strong currents meant they were free of parasitic sea lice.

Just a half-century ago, the trade in Atlantic salmon was a largely regional affair that relied solely on fish caught in the wild. Now, salmon farming has become a global business that generates $18 billion in annual sales. Breeding has been key to the aquaculture boom. Ocean Farm 1s silvery inhabitants grow roughly twice as fast as their wild ancestors and have been bred for disease resistance and other traits that make them well suited for farm life. Those improvements in salmon are just a start: Advances in genomics are poised to dramatically reshape aquaculture by helping improve a multitude of species and traits.

Genetic engineering has been slow to take hold in aquaculture; only one genetically modified species, a transgenic salmon, has been commercialized. But companies and research institutions are bolstering traditional breeding with genomic insights and tools such as gene chips, which speed the identification of fish and shellfish carrying desired traits. Top targets include increasing growth rates and resistance to disease and parasites. Breeders are also improving the hardiness of some species, which could help farmers adapt to a shifting climate. And many hope to enhance traits that please consumers, by breeding fish for higher quality fillets, eye-catching colors, or increased levels of nutrients. There is a paradigm shift in taking up new technologies that can more effectively improve complex traits, says Morten Rye, director of genetics at Benchmark Genetics, an aquaculture breeding company.

After years of breeding, Atlantic salmon grow faster and larger than their wild relatives.

Aquaculture breeders can tap a rich trove of genetic material; most fish and shellfish have seen little systematic genetic improvement for farming, compared with the selective breeding that chickens, cattle, and other domesticated animals have undergone. Theres a huge amount of genetic potential out there in aquaculture species thats yet to be realized, says geneticist Ross Houston of the Roslin Institute.

Amid the enthusiasm about aquacultures future, however, there are concerns. Its not clear, for example, whether consumers will accept fish and shellfish that have been altered using technologies that rewrite genes or move them between species. And some observers worry genomic breeding efforts are neglecting species important to feeding people in the developing world. Still, expectations are high. The technology is amazing, its advancing very quickly, the costs are coming down, says Ximing Guo, a geneticist at Rutgers University, New Brunswick. Everybody in the field is excited.

Fish farmingmay not have roots as old as agriculture, but it dates back millennia. By about 3500 years ago, Egyptians were raising gilt-head sea bream in a large lagoon. The Romans cultivated oysters. And carp have been grown and selectively bred in China for thousands of years. Few aquaculture species, however, saw systematic, scientific improvement until the 20th century.

One species that has received ample attention from breeders is Atlantic salmon, which commands relatively high prices. Farming began in the late 1960s, in Norway. Within 10 years, breeding had helped boost growth rates and harvest weight. Each new generation of fishit takes salmon 3 to 4 years to maturegrows 10% to 15% faster than its forebears. My colleagues in poultry can only dream of these kinds of percentages, says Robbert Blonk, director of aquaculture R&D at Hendrix Genetics, an animal breeding firm. During the 1990s, breeders also began to select for improved disease resistance, fillet quality, delayed sexual maturation (which boosts yields), and other traits.

Another success story involves tilapia, a large group of freshwater species that doesnt typically bring high prices but plays a key role in the developing world. An international research center in Malaysia, now known as WorldFish, began a breeding program in the 1980s that quickly doubled the growth rate of one commonly raised species, Nile tilapia. Breeders also improved its disease resistance, a task that continues because of the emergence of new pathogens, such as tilapia lake virus.

Genetically improved farmed tilapia was a revolution in terms of tilapia production, says Alexandre Hilsdorf, a fish geneticist at the University of Mogi das Cruzes in Brazil. China, a global leader in aquaculture production, has capitalized on the strain, building the worlds largest tilapia hatchery. It raises billions of young fish annually.

Now, aquaculture supplies nearly half of the fish and shellfish eaten worldwide (see chart, below), and production has been growing by nearly 4.5% annually over the past decadefaster than most sectors of the farmed food sector. That expansion has come with some collateral damage, including pollution from farm waste, heavy catches of wild fish to feed to penned salmon and other species, and the destruction of coastal wetlands to build shrimp ponds. Nevertheless, aquaculture is now poised for further acceleration, thanks in large part to genomics.

Aquaculture is rivaling catches from wild fisheries and is projected to increase. Much of the growth comes from freshwater fish in Asia, such as grass carp, yet most research has focused on Atlantic salmon and other high-value species. Genomic technology is now spreading to shrimp and tilapia.

(GRAPHIC) N. DESAI/SCIENCE; (DATA, TOP TO BOTTOM) FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF HE UNITED NATIONS; HOUSTON et al., NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS 21, 389 (2020)

Breeders are most excited about a technique called genomic selection. To grasp why, it helps to understand how breeders normally improve aquaculture species. They start by crossing two parents and then, out of hundreds or thousands of their offspring, select individuals to test for traits they want to improve. Advanced programs make hundreds of crosses in each generation and choose from the best performing families for breeding. But some tests mean the animal cant later be used for breeding; measuring fillet quality is lethal, for instance, and screening for disease resistance means the infected individual must remain quarantined. As a result, when researchers identify a promising animal, they must pick a sibling to use for breedingand hope that it performs just as well. You dont know whether theyre the best of the family or the worst,says Dean Jerry, an aquaculture geneticist at James Cook University, Townsville, who works with breeders of shrimp, oysters, and fish.

With genomic selection, researchers can identify siblings with high-performance traits based on genetic markers. All they need is a small tissue samplesuch a clipping from a finthat can be pureed and analyzed. DNA arrays, which detect base-pair changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), allow breeders to thoroughly evaluate many siblings for multiple traits. If the pattern of SNPs suggests that an individual carries optimal alleles, it can be selected for further breeding even if it hasnt been tested. Genomic analyses also allow breeders to minimize inbreeding.

Cattle breeders pioneered genomic selection. Salmon breeders adopted it a few years ago, followed by those working with shrimp and tilapia. There is a big race from industry to implement this technology, says geneticist Jos Yez of the University of Chile, who adds that even small-scale producers are now interested in genetic improvement. As a rough average, the technique increases selection accuracy and the amount of genetic improvement by about 25%, Houston says. It and other tools are helping researchers pursue goals such as:

This trait improves the bottom line, allowing growers to produce more frequent and bigger hauls. Growth is highly heritable and easy to measure, so traditional breeding works well. But breeders have other tactics for boosting growth, including providing farmers with fish of a single sex. Male tilapia, for example, can grow significantly faster than females. Another strategy is to hybridize species. The dominant farmed catfish in the United States, a hybrid of a female channel catfish and a male blue catfish, grows faster and is hardier.

Inducing sterility stimulates growth, too, and has helped raise yields in shellfish, particularly oysters. In the 1990s, Guo and Standish Allen, now at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, figured out a new way to create triploid oysters, which are infertile because they have an extra copy of each chromosome. These oysters dont devote much energy to reproduction, so they reach harvest size sooner, reducing exposure to disease. (When oysters reproduce, more than half their body consists of sperm or eggs, which no one wants to eat.)

Looking ahead, researchers are exploring gene transfer or gene editing to further enhance gains. And one U.S. company, AquaBounty, is just beginning to sell the worlds first transgenic food animal, an Atlantic salmon, that it claims is 70% more productive than standard farmed salmon. But the fish is controversial and has faced consumer resistance and regulatory hurdles.

Disease is often the biggest worry and expense for aquaculture operations. In shrimp, outbreaks can slash overall yield by up to 40% annually and can wipe out entire operations. Vaccines can prevent some diseases in fish, but not invertebrates, because their adaptive immune systems are less developed. So, for all species, resistant strains are highly desirable.

To improve disease resistance, researchers need a rigorous way to test animals. Thanks to a collaboration with fish pathologists at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Benchmark Genetics was able to screen tilapia for susceptibility to two major bacterial diseases by delivering a precise dose of the pathogen and then measuring the response. They identified genetic markers correlated with infection and used genomic selection to help develop a more resistant strain. USDA scientists have also worked with Hendrix Genetics to increase the survival of trout exposed to a different bacterial pathogen from 30% to 80% in just three generations.

The fecundity of most aquatic species, like this trout (left), helps breeding efforts. Salmon eggs, 0.7 millimeters wide (right), are robust and easy for molecular biologists to work with.

Perhaps the most celebrated success has been in salmon. After researchers discovered a genetic marker for resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis, companies quickly bred strains that can survive this deadly disease. Oyster breeders, meanwhile, have had success in developing strains resistant to a strain of herpes that devastated the industry in France, Australia, and New Zealand.

A big problem for Atlantic salmon growers is the sea louse. The tiny parasite clings to the salmons skin, inflicting wounds that damage or kill fish and make their flesh worthless. Between fish losses and the expense of controlling the parasites, lice cost growers more than $500 million a year in Norway alone. Lice are attracted to fish pens and can jump to wild salmon that pass by.

For years farmers have relied on pesticides to fight lice, but the parasite has become resistant to many chemicals. Other techniques, such as pumping salmon into heated water, which causes the lice to drop off, can stress the fish.

Researchers have found that some Atlantic salmon are better than others at resisting lice, and breeders have been trying to improve this trait. So far, theyve had modest success. Better understanding why several species of Pacific salmon are immune to certain lice could lead to progress. Scientists are exploring whether sea lice are attracted to certain chemicals released by Atlantic salmon; if so, its possible these could be modified with gene editing.

No sex on the farm. Thats a goal with many aquaculture species, because reproduction diverts energy from growth. Moreover, fertile fish that escape from aquaculture operations can cause problems for wild relatives. When wild fish breed with their domesticated cousins, for instance, the offspring are often less successful at reproducing.

Salmon can be sterilized by making them triploid, typically by pressurizing newly fertilized embryos in a steel tank when the chromosomes are replicating. But this can have side effects, such as greater susceptibility to disease. Anna Wargelius, a molecular physiologist at Norways Institute of Marine Research, and colleagues have instead altered the genes of Atlantic salmon to make them sterile, using the genome editor CRISPR to knock out a gene calleddeadend. In 2016, they showed that these fish, though healthy, lack germ cells and dont sexually mature. Now, theyre working on developing fertile broodstock that produce these sterile offspring for hatcheries. Embryos with the knocked-out genes should develop into fertile adults if injected with messenger RNA, according to a paper the group published last month inScientific Reports. When these fish mature later in December, they will try to breed them. It looks very promising, Wargelius says.

Another approach would not involve genetic modifications. Fish reproductive physiologists Yonathan Zohar and Ten-Tsao Wong of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, are using small molecule drugs to disrupt early reproductive development so that fish mature without sperm or eggs.

Cooks and diners hate bones. Nearly half of the top species in aquaculture are species of carp or their relatives, which are notorious for the small bones that pack their flesh. These bones cant be easily removed during processing, so you cant just get a nice, clean fillet, says Benjamin Reading, a reproductive physiologist at North Carolina State University.

Researchers are studying the biology of these fillet bones to see whether they might one day be removed through breeding or genetic engineering. A few years ago, Hilsdorf heard that a Brazilian hatchery had discovered mutant brood stock of a giant Amazonian fish, the widely farmed tambaqui, that lacked these fillet bones. After trying and failing to breed a boneless strain, hes studying tissue samples from the mutants for clues to their genetics.

Geneticist Ze-Xia Gao of Huazhong Agricultural University is focusing on blunt snout bream, a carp that is farmed in China. Guided by five genetic markers, she and colleagues are breeding the bream to have few fillet bones. It could take 8 to 10 years to achieve, she says. They have also had some success with gene editingtheyve identified and knocked out two genes that control the presence of fillet bonesand they plan to try the approach in other carp species. I think it will be feasible, Gao says.

Aquaculture projects worldwide are hustling to domesticate new speciesa kind of gold rush rare in terrestrial farming. In New Zealand, researchers are domesticating native species because they are already adapted to local conditions. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research began to breed the Australasian snapper in 2004. Early work concentrated on simply getting the fish to survive and reproduce in a tank. One decade later, researchers started to breed for improved growth, and theyve since increased juvenile growth rates by 20% to 40%.

Genomic techniques have proved critical. Snapper are mass spawners, so it was hard for breeders to identify the parents of promising offspring, which is crucial for optimizing selection and avoiding inbreeding. DNA screening solved that problem, because the markers reveal ancestry. The institute is also breeding another local fish, the silver trevally, aiming for a strain that will reproduce in captivity without hormone implants. Its a long-term effort to breed a wild species to make it suitable for aquaculture, says Maren Wellenreuther, an evolutionary geneticist at the New Zealand institute and the University of Auckland.

These breeding effortsrequire money. Despite the growth of aquaculture, the fields research funding lags the amounts invested in livestock, although some governments are boosting investments.

Looking globally, geneticist Dennis Hedgecock of Pacific Hybreed, a small U.S. company that is developing hybrid oysters, sees a huge disparity between breeding investment in developed countrieswhich produce a fraction of total harvests but have the biggest research budgetsand the rest of the world. Simply applying classical breeding techniques could rapidly improve production, especially in the developing world, he says. Yet the hundreds of species now farmed could overwhelm breeding programs, especially those aimed at enhancing disease resistance, Hedgecock adds. The growth and the production is outstripping the scientific capability of dealing with the diseases, he says, adding that a focus on fewer species would be beneficial.

For genomics to help, experts say costs must continue to come down. One promising development in SNP arrays, they note, is a technique called imputation, in which cheaper arrays that search for fewer genetic changes are combined with a handful of higher cost chips that probe the genome in more detail. Such developments suggest genomic technology is at a pivot point where youre going to see it used broadly in aquaculture, says John Buchanan, president of the Center for Aquaculture Technologies, a contract research organization.

Many companies are already planning for larger harvests. SalMar will decide next year whether it will order a companion to Ocean Farm 1. It has already drawn up plans for a successor that can operate in the open ocean and would be more than twice the size, big enough to hold 3 million to 5 million salmon at a time.

More here:
New genetic tools will deliver improved farmed fish, oysters, and shrimp. Here's what to expect - Science Magazine

New York, Nov. 24, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Global Synthetic Biology Industry" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p01375238/?utm_source=GNW With humans continuing their mindless plunder of the planet, natural habitat destruction and climate change has already set the stage for an era of pandemics. Animal-borne infectious diseases will continue to rise in the coming years, as human become the new host for displaced animal viruses. The current scenario has amplified the urgency to address environmental issues & ensure strict compliance among polluting businesses. Synthetic biology unfolds a new scientific era, in which synthetic organisms can be created to serve different purposes. The new biological research area is a nascent science and engineering discipline that seeks to integrate science with engineering for designing and building novel biological entities, including cells, genetic circuits and enzymes, or for redesigning active biological systems and living organisms, such as bacteria inexpensively and rapidly. Synthetic biology has already come out of the lab, buoyed by significant investments both from private and public organizations in organisms synthesized to produce chemicals, materials, medicines and biofuels. Synthetic biology derives its existence from advances in the fields of molecular biology, nanotechnology, engineering, chemistry, physics and computer science.

Synthetic biology enables the development of standardized and interchangeable DNA strands, which do not exist in the natural world. Synthetic biology techniques create base pair sequences from component parts, and assemble them from the beginning. This field of engineering organisms at the molecular level offers enormous potential and scope. In recent years the field of synthetic biology witnessed rapid development due to the development of CRISPR-Cas9, a gene editing tool, which was first introduced in the year 2013. This tool enables in locating, cutting, and replacing DNA at certain specific locations. Synthetic biology is expected to create huge generic capabilities to be used in bio-inspired processes and tools applicable in the industry along with the whole economy. The approach holds a tremendous potential to assist researchers in designing, creating and testing systems, parts and even entire set of genomes. While genetic sequencing is associated with reading DNA, and genetic engineering is related to copy, cut and paste these DNAs, synthetic biology involves writing as well as programming DNAs to build genomes from the scratch and understand how life works. Synthetic biology can be applied to a large number of industrial segments, and holds potential to develop spectacular systems and processes such as nitrogen fixation and create edible wonder protein with various essential amino acids. In near future, majority of research activities in this field are expected to focus on energy products, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and diagnostic tools. In addition, the concept is anticipated to play a major role in addressing concerns associated with energy, water and cultivable land to reduce carbon footprint and drastically change the way people farm and eat.

With the U.S. leading the way, sustainable products are poised to emerge into a big global opportunity. From sustainable chemistry to renewable energy & biofuels, synthetic biology holds the potential to eliminate market barriers to developing sustainable, environment friendly products, materials & services. Interestingly, the global COVID-19 pandemic has opened opportunities for new approaches and accelerated several innovative trends that were already underway. During the early stages of the global COVID-19 outbreak, 3D printing or additive manufacturing was found to play an important role in urgently producing much needed personal protective equipment and ventilator equipment locally for bridging the shortage caused by disruptions in global supply chains. The world is also now looking for ways of developing vaccines and treatments for coronavirus, which is where synthetic biology can contribute at a much faster pace as compared to conventional approaches. Synthetic biologys toolset seems poised to create vaccines as well as treatments that are not only more potent and stable, but also are quicker and easier to manufacture. These benefits are extremely critical in addressing the existing health crisis as well as enabling health systems and governments to quickly respond to any unanticipated and new future threats. While synthetic biology has been for long bringing profound changes to the process of producing chemicals, materials, and food, as well as helping addressing other major global challenges, such as food security, chronic disease, and climate change, it is the COVID-19 pandemic that could eventually provide a breakout moment for synthetic biology.

Competitors identified in this market include, among others,

Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p01375238/?utm_source=GNW

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & REPORT SCOPE I-1

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY II-1

1. MARKET OVERVIEW II-1 Impact of Covid-19 and a Looming Global Recession II-1 COVID-19 Pandemic Poised to Drive Demand for Synthetic Biology II-1 Exhibit 1: COVID-19 Vaccines in Pipeline by Technology II-4 Synthetic Biologists Create Slow-Growing Version of COVID-19 as Vaccine Candidate II-5 Role of Synthetic Biology in Combating COVID-19 II-5 Synthetic Biology: A Prelude II-6 Growing Importance of Synthetic Biology II-7 Applications of Synthetic Biology II-9 Synthetic Biology Tools II-10 Technologies Involved II-10 Current and Future Analysis II-11 Regional Landscape II-12 Major Challenges and Concerns II-13 Teeming R&D Funding & Potential to Alter Molecular Landscape Enable Global Synthetic Biology Market to Remain in High Spirits II-14 Competitive Landscape II-15 Major Players by Industry Verticals II-15 Synthetic Biology Startups Get Aggressive on Bioengineered Product Commercialization II-16 Compelling Breakthroughs Drive Funding II-16 Top Funded Synthetic Biology Startups in Q2 2020 II-18 Recent Market Activity II-19

2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS II-21

3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS II-23 Synthetic Biology Market Witnesses Significant Rise in Investments II-23 Importance of Synthetic Biology for Investments II-23 Efforts from Leading Players Bodes Well for Market Growth II-24 Patent Landscape Gets Richer II-25 Exhibit 2: Synthetic Biology Patent Landscape by Assignee Countries (in %) : 2003-2018 II-26 Exhibit 3: Top 15 Patent Assignees in Synthetic Biology Domain: 2003-2018 II-27 Select Patent Assignees for Synthetic Biology in the US: 2019 II-28 Robotics and Workflow Automation Support Market Expansion II-29 Advancements in Instrumentation Augurs Well II-29 Improvements in Computer-Aided Biology II-30 Fusion of AI and Synthetic Biology Expands Opportunities II-31 Synthetic Biology Brings a Paradigm Shift in the Field of Biological Research II-32 DNA Sequencing Plays an Important Role II-33 Plummeting Cost of DNA Sequencing Bolsters Market Growth II-33 Exhibit 4: Cost per Genome Sequencing: 2001-2020 II-34 Food Scarcity to Fuel Synthetic Biology Application in Agriculture II-35 Select Companies Engaged in Making Food Using Synthetic Biology II-36 Synthetic Biology Aids in Development of Exotic and Artificially Grown Meats and Proteins to Meet Future Food Demand II-37 Growing Demand for GM Crops Opens Up Growth Avenues II-37 Synthetic Biology-based Ingredients Gain Traction II-38 Role of Synthetic Biology in Producing Plants with Desirable Characteristics II-38 Synthetic Biology Gains Prominence in Biomedical Applications II-39 Synthetic Genes Open up a New World of Drug Development II-40 Synthetic Biology to Transform Healthcare with Captivating Advances in Biomedicine II-40 Synthetic Biology Enables Creation of Advanced Biosensing Systems II-41 Synthetic Biology Gains Significance in Production of Bio-Based Chemicals and Biofuels II-42 Exhibit 5: Global Biofuels Market in US$ Billion: 2019 and 2024 II-44 Synthetic Biology Gains Importance as Focus on Carbon Recycling Increases II-44 Synthetic Biology Disrupts the Cosmetics Sector II-45 Capability of Synthetic Biology in Environmental Applications II-45 Synthetic Biology Creates Buzz as Key Enabler of Exciting & Dynamic Applications for Diverse Domains II-47 Synthetic Biology for Advanced, Multifunctional Materials II-47 Genetically Engineered Fabrics and Sustainable Dyes Using Synthetic Biology to Transform Textile Industry II-48 Select Synthetic Biology Offerings in Textile Industry II-49

4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE II-50 Table 1: World Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-50

Table 2: World Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-51

Table 3: World 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-52

Table 4: World Current & Future Analysis for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-53

Table 5: World Historic Review for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-54

Table 6: World 12-Year Perspective for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-55

Table 7: World Current & Future Analysis for Enzymes by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-56

Table 8: World Historic Review for Enzymes by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-57

Table 9: World 12-Year Perspective for Enzymes by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-58

Table 10: World Current & Future Analysis for Cloning Technology Kits by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-59

Table 11: World Historic Review for Cloning Technology Kits by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-60

Table 12: World 12-Year Perspective for Cloning Technology Kits by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-61

Table 13: World Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Cells by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-62

Table 14: World Historic Review for Synthetic Cells by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-63

Table 15: World 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Cells by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-64

Table 16: World Current & Future Analysis for Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-65

Table 17: World Historic Review for Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-66

Table 18: World 12-Year Perspective for Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-67

Table 19: World Current & Future Analysis for Chassis Organism by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-68

Table 20: World Historic Review for Chassis Organism by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-69

Table 21: World 12-Year Perspective for Chassis Organism by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-70

Table 22: World Current & Future Analysis for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-71

Table 23: World Historic Review for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-72

Table 24: World 12-Year Perspective for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-73

Table 25: World Current & Future Analysis for Genome Engineering by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-74

Table 26: World Historic Review for Genome Engineering by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-75

Table 27: World 12-Year Perspective for Genome Engineering by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-76

Table 28: World Current & Future Analysis for Microfluidics by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-77

Table 29: World Historic Review for Microfluidics by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-78

Table 30: World 12-Year Perspective for Microfluidics by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-79

Table 31: World Current & Future Analysis for Other Technologies by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-80

Table 32: World Historic Review for Other Technologies by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-81

Table 33: World 12-Year Perspective for Other Technologies by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-82

Table 34: World Current & Future Analysis for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-83

Table 35: World Historic Review for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-84

Table 36: World 12-Year Perspective for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-85

Table 37: World Current & Future Analysis for Industrial by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-86

Table 38: World Historic Review for Industrial by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-87

Table 39: World 12-Year Perspective for Industrial by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-88

Table 40: World Current & Future Analysis for Food & Agriculture by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-89

Table 41: World Historic Review for Food & Agriculture by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-90

Table 42: World 12-Year Perspective for Food & Agriculture by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-91

Table 43: World Current & Future Analysis for Environmental by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-92

Table 44: World Historic Review for Environmental by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-93

Table 45: World 12-Year Perspective for Environmental by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-94

Table 46: World Current & Future Analysis for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 II-95

Table 47: World Historic Review for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 II-96

Table 48: World 12-Year Perspective for Other Applications by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 II-97

III. MARKET ANALYSIS III-1

GEOGRAPHIC MARKET ANALYSIS III-1

UNITED STATES III-1 Table 49: USA Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-1

Table 50: USA Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-2

Table 51: USA 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-3

Table 52: USA Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-4

Table 53: USA Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-5

Table 54: USA 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-6

Table 55: USA Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-7

Table 56: USA Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-8

Table 57: USA 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-9

CANADA III-10 Table 58: Canada Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-10

Table 59: Canada Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-11

Table 60: Canada 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-12

Table 61: Canada Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-13

Table 62: Canada Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-14

Table 63: Canada 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-15

Table 64: Canada Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-16

Table 65: Canada Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-17

Table 66: Canada 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-18

JAPAN III-19 Table 67: Japan Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-19

Table 68: Japan Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-20

Table 69: Japan 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-21

Table 70: Japan Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-22

Table 71: Japan Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-23

Table 72: Japan 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-24

Table 73: Japan Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-25

Table 74: Japan Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-26

Table 75: Japan 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-27

CHINA III-28 Table 76: China Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-28

Table 77: China Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-29

Table 78: China 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-30

Table 79: China Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-31

Table 80: China Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-32

Table 81: China 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Technology - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Nucleotide Synthesis & Sequencing, Genome Engineering, Microfluidics and Other Technologies for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-33

Table 82: China Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-34

Table 83: China Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Application - Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-35

Table 84: China 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals & Diagnostics, Industrial, Food & Agriculture, Environmental and Other Applications for the Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-36

EUROPE III-37 Table 85: Europe Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2020 through 2027 III-37

Table 86: Europe Historic Review for Synthetic Biology by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for Years 2015 through 2019 III-38

Table 87: Europe 12-Year Perspective for Synthetic Biology by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2015, 2020 & 2027 III-39

Table 88: Europe Current & Future Analysis for Synthetic Biology by Tool - Oligonucleotides & Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technology Kits, Synthetic Cells, Xeno-Nucleic Acids (XNA) and Chassis Organism - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Thousand for the Years 2020 through 2027 III-40

Continued here:
As a Wiser World Looks to Make a Strong Sustainable Recovery From COVID-19, Synthetic Biology to Receive New Opportunities for Growth - GlobeNewswire

First-year students Garrett Blum and Hannah Tillery, Missouri S&Ts inaugural Evans Deans Scholars, have chosen different academic paths, but their life histories and achievements are noticeably parallel.

Blum, a history major with an emphasis in secondary education, and Tillery, a biological sciences major, began their first semester this fall as sophomores after earning dual credit hours in Missouri high schools. Both were valedictorians of their graduating classes Blum from Thayer High School, and Tillery from Licking High School. Both are firstborn children living at home with family members. In fact, Tillery still helps take care of her youngest brother one day a week.

Blum and Tillery also share an unwavering mindset toward their goals. Their focus could easily have been shaken given the uncertainty of starting college during a global pandemic. But both say the circumstances havent diminished their drive.

Blum wants to be a high school history teacher. He says he sees how lessons learned from studying the past can help avoid repeating those lessons. Due to COVID-19, five of his six first-year courses are online.

Going from high school to college would be a big jump, but in these times, its even more so, says Blum. But I have my goals and am working toward them. Im enjoying everything at Missouri S&T so far and dont foresee changing my direction.

Tillery has set her sights on medical school. Driven by a passion for helping people, she changed her academic plans from law to medicine when her grandfather was diagnosed with cancer, and she hoped for a cure.

Helping people has been my goal since I was very young, and Ive always found science interesting, says Tillery. Because I get so attached to people, I think medical research is a better path for me than becoming a hospital doctor.

Tillerys interests include virology, epidemiology and genetic engineering. She says she developed an interest in the treatment of Ebola virus as a way to help people long before the COVID-19 pandemic began. Already shes joined SCRUBS, the S&T student organization for pre-professional health care majors.

Tillery likes the flexibility of her online classes, and even engages online with fellow members of womens fraternity Chi Omega due to the pandemic.

Endowed by 1967 S&T mechanical engineering graduate Mike Evans, former president and chief operating officer of Con Edison, and his wife, Linda Evans, a retired educator, the Evans Deans Scholars program, is designed to provide life-changing scholarships for its recipients.

Their scholarship award gives first preference to Missouri residents who are qualified first-year undergraduate students enrolled in the College of Arts, Sciences, and Business (CASB) and second preference to those with dual majors in CASB and the College of Engineering and Computing.

In addition to the programs tuition contribution, the Evans Deans Scholars program also provides recipients with leadership development opportunities and a career mentor who has demonstrated success in industry, government or academia.

Blum and Tillery both say their mentors are more than a source of professional knowledge. They also offer advice and personal encouragement.

Dr. Paul Stricker, a board-certified youth sports medicine specialist and author who practices at theScripps Clinic in San Diego, is Tillerys mentor. A 1982 life sciences graduate of S&T, Stricker was a physician for the U.S. delegation at the Sydney Olympics in 2000 and head physician for the 1999 World University Games. He is a past president of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine.

It made me happy that Dr. Stricker was impressed with what Ive done, says Tillery. We met on Zoom and talked about my WiSci (Women in Science) experience in Namibia where 100 high school girls from surrounding Africa and the U.S. met to work with tech industry leaders from Google, NASA and Intel.

She says they explored topics such as artificial intelligence design, coding of apps for disabled persons, and geographic profiling, a criminal investigation technique. Blum is working with his mentor, James Trusler, who teaches world history at Rolla Junior High School. Trusler earned a bachelor of arts degree in history at S&T in 2016, was selected as one of Missouris Outstanding Beginning Teachers in 2019, and in 2020 was named the Missouri Council for the Social Studies Middle School Teacher of the Year.

Ive already learned a lot of important lessons from Mr. Trusler about being an educator, says Blum.

As Evans Deans Scholars, Blum and Tillery are setting a high standard for award recipients in years to come.

More:
Missouri S&T News and Events First-year scholars undeterred by unusual beginning - Missouri S&T News and Research

Despite the projected growth in market applications and abundant investment capital, there is a danger that legal and ethical concerns related to genetic research could put the brakes on gene editing technologies and product programs emanating therefrom.

As society adjusts to a new world of social distance and remote everything, rapid advancements in the digital, physical, and biological spheres are accelerating fundamental changes to the way we live, work, and relate to one another. What Klaus Schwab prophesized in his 2015 book, The Fourth Industrial Revolution, is playing out before our very eyes. Quantum computing power, a network architecture that is moving function closer to the edge of our interconnected devices, bandwidth speeds of 5G and beyond, natural language processing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are all working together to accelerate innovation in fundamental ways. Given the global pandemic, in the biological sphere, government industrial policy drives the public sector to work hand-in-glove with private industry and academia to develop new therapies and vaccines to treat and prevent COVID-19 and other lethal diseases. This post will envision the future of gene editing technologies and the legal and ethical challenges that could imperil their mission of saving lives.

There are thousands of diseases occurring in humans, animals, and plants caused by aberrant DNA sequences. Traditional small molecule and biologic therapies have only had minimal success in treating many of these diseases because they mitigate symptoms while failing to address the underlying genetic causes. While human understanding of genetic diseases has increased tremendously since the mapping of the human genome in the late 1990s, our ability to treat them effectively has been limited by our historical inability to alter genetic sequences.

The science of gene editing was born in the 1990s, as scientists developed tools such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) and TALE nucleases (TALENs) to study the genome and attempt to alter sequences that caused disease. While these systems were an essential first step to demonstrate the potential of gene editing, their development was challenging in practice due to the complexity of engineering protein-DNA interactions.

Then, in 2011, Dr. Emmanuelle Charpentier, a French professor of microbiology, genetics, and biochemistry, and Jennifer Doudna, an American professor of biochemistry, pioneered a revolutionary new gene-editing technology called CRISPR/Cas9. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and Cas9 stands for CRISPR-associated protein 9. In 2020, the revolutionary work of Drs. Charpentier and Doudna developing CRISPR/Cas9 were recognized with the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. The technology was also the source of a long-running and high-profile patent battle between two groups of scientsists.

CRISPR/Cas9 for gene editing came about from a naturally occurring viral defense mechanism in bacteria. The system is cheaper and easier to use than previous technologies. It delivers the Cas9 nuclease complexed with a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA) into a cell, cutting the cells genome at the desired location, allowing existing genes to be removed and new ones added to a living organisms genome. The technique is essential in biotechnology and medicine as it provides for the genomes to be edited in vivo with extremely high precision, efficiently, and with comparative ease. It can create new drugs, agricultural products, and genetically modified organisms or control pathogens and pests. More possibilities include the treatment of inherited genetic diseases and diseases arising from somatic mutations such as cancer. However, its use in human germline genetic modification is highly controversial.

The following diagram from CRISPR Therapeutics AG, a Swiss company, illustrates how it functions:

In the 1990s, nanotechnology and gene editing were necessary plot points for science fiction films. In 2020, developments like nano-sensors and CRISPR gene editing technology have moved these technologies directly into the mainstream, opening a new frontier of novel market applications. According to The Business Research Company, the global CRISPR technology market reached a value of nearly $700 million in 2019, is expected to more than double in 2020, and reach $6.7 billion by 2030. Market applications target all forms of life, from animals to plants to humans.

Gene editings primary market applications are for the treatment of genetically-defined diseases. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing promises to enable the engineering of genomes of cell-based therapies and make them safer and available to a broader group of patients. Cell therapies have already begun to make a meaningful impact on specific diseases, and gene editing helps to accelerate that progress across diverse disease areas, including oncology and diabetes.

In the area of human therapy, millions of people worldwide suffer from genetic conditions. Gene-editing technologies like CRISPR-Cas9 have introduced a way to address the cause of debilitating illnesses like cystic fibrosis and create better interventions and therapies. They also have promising market applications for agriculture, food safety, supply, and distribution. For example, grocery retailers are even looking at how gene editing could impact the products they sell. Scientists have created gene-edited crops like non-browning mushrooms and mildew-resistant grapes experiments that are part of an effort to prevent spoilage, which could ultimately change the way food is sold.

Despite the inability to travel and conduct face-to-face meetings, attend industry conferences or conduct business other than remotely or with social distance, the investment markets for venture, growth, and private equity capital, as well as corporate R&D budgets, have remained buoyant through 2020 to date. Indeed, the third quarter of 2020 was the second strongest quarter ever for VC-backed companies, with 88 companies raising rounds worth $100 million or more according to the latest PwC/Moneytree report. Healthcare startups raised over $8 billion in the quarter in the United States alone. Gene-editing company Mammouth Biosciences raised a $45 million round of Series B capital in the second quarter of 2020. CRISPR Therapeutics AG raised more in the public markets in primary and secondary capital.

Bayer, Humboldt Fund and Leaps are co-leading a $65 million Series A round for Metagenomi, a biotech startup launched by UC Berkeley scientists. Metagenomi, which will be run by Berkeleys Brian Thomas, is developing a toolbox of CRISPR- and non-CRISPR-based gene-editing systems beyond the Cas9 protein. The goal is to apply machine learning to search through the genomes of these microorganisms, finding new nucleases that can be used in gene therapies. Other investors in the Series A include Sozo Ventures, Agent Capital, InCube Ventures and HOF Capital. Given the focus on new therapies and vaccines to treat the novel coronavirus, we expect continued wind in the sails for gene-editing companies, particularly those with strong product portfolios that leverage the technology.

Despite the projected growth in market applications and abundant investment capital, there is a danger that legal and ethical concerns related to genetic research could put the brakes on gene-editing technologies and product programs emanating therefrom. The possibility of off-target effects, lack of informed consent for germline therapy, and other ethical concerns could cause government regulators to put a stop on important research and development required to cure disease and regenerate human health.

Gene-editing companies can only make money by developing products that involve editing the human genome. The clinical and commercial success of these product candidates depends on public acceptance of gene-editing therapies for the treatment of human diseases. Public attitudes could be influenced by claims that gene editing is unsafe, unethical, or immoral. Consequently, products created through gene editing may not gain the acceptance of the government, the public, or the medical community. Adverse public reaction to gene therapy, in general, could result in greater government regulation and stricter labeling requirements of gene-editing products. Stakeholders in government, third-party payors, the medical community, and private industry must work to create standards that are both safe and comply with prevailing ethical norms.

The most significant danger to growth in gene-editing technologies lies in ethical concerns about their application to human embryos or the human germline. In 2016, a group of scientists edited the genome of human embryos to modify the gene for hemoglobin beta, the gene in which a mutation occurs in patients with the inherited blood disorder beta thalassemia. Although conducted in non-viable embryos, it shocked the public that scientists could be experimenting with human eggs, sperm, and embryos to alter human life at creation. Then, in 2018, a biophysics researcher in China created the first human genetically edited babies, twin girls, causing public outcry (and triggering government sanctioning of the researcher). In response, the World Health Organization established a committee to advise on the creation of standards for gene editing oversight and governance standards on a global basis.

Some influential non-governmental agencies have called for a moratorium on gene editing, particularly as applied to altering the creation or editing of human life. Other have set forth guidelines on how to use gene-editing technologies in therapeutic applications. In the United States, the National Institute of Health has stated that it will not fund gene-editing studies in human embryos. A U.S. statute called The Dickey-Wicker Amendment prohibits the use of federal funds for research projects that would create or destroy human life. Laws in the United Kingdom prohibit genetically modified embryos from being implanted into women. Still, embryos can be altered in research labs under license from the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority.

Regulations must keep pace with the change that CRISPR-Cas9 has brought to research labs worldwide. Developing international guidelines could be a step towards establishing cohesive national frameworks. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences recommended seven principles for the governance of human genome editing, including promoting well-being, transparency, due care, responsible science, respect for persons, fairness, and transnational co-operation. In the United Kingdom, a non-governmental organization formed in 1991 called The Nuffield Council has proposed two principles for the ethical acceptability of genome editing in the context of reproduction. First, the intervention intends to secure the welfare of the individual born due to such technology. Second, social justice and solidarity principles are upheld, and the intervention should not result in an intensifying of social divides or marginalizing of disadvantaged groups in society. In 2016, in application of the same, the Crick Institute in London was approved to use CRISPR-Cas9 in human embryos to study early development. In response to a cacophony of conflicting national frameworks, the International Summit on Human Gene Editing was formed in 2015 by NGOs in the United States, the United Kingdom and China, and is working to harmonize regulations global from both the ethical and safety perspectives. As CRISPR co-inventor Jennifer Doudna has written in a now infamous editorial in SCIENCE, stakeholders must engage in thoughtfully crafting regulations of the technology without stifling it.

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced us to rely more on new technologies to keep us healthy, adapt to working from home, and more. The pandemic makes us more reliant on innovative digital, biological, and physical solutions. It has created a united sense of urgency among the public and private industry (together with government and academia) to be more creative about using technology to regenerate health. With continued advances in computing power, network architecture, communications bandwidths, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and gene editing, society will undoubtedly find more cures for debilitating disease and succeed in regenerating human health. As science advances, it inevitably intersects with legal and ethical norms, both for individuals and civil society, and there are new externalities to consider. Legal and ethical norms will adapt, rebalancing the interests of each. The fourth industrial revolution is accelerating, and hopefully towards curing disease.

See the original post:
Future Visioning the Role of CRISPR Gene Editing: Navigating Law and Ethics to Regenerate Health and Cure Disease - IPWatchdog.com

Like a computer, cells must process information from the outside world before they respond. Scientists have now developed a powerful new way to observe the internal discussions responsible for cellular decisions.

A new imaging technology lets scientists spy on the flurry of messages passed within cells as they do . . . potentially everything.

Until now, most scientists could visualize only one or two of these intracellular signals at a time, says Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Ed Boyden of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His teams new approach could make it possible to see as many signals as you want in real time, at once, Boyden says giving researchers a more detailed view of cells internal discussions than ever before.

In tests with neurons, the researchers examined five signals involved in processes such as learning and memory, Boyden and his colleagues report November 23, 2020, in the journal Cell. You could apply this technology to all sorts of biological mysteries, he says. Every cell works due to all the signals inside it. Because signaling contributes to all biological processes, a better means to study it could illuminate a host of diseases, from Alzheimers to diabetes and cancer.

The teams new approach is a breakthrough, says Clifford Woolf, a neurobiologist at Harvard Medical School who was not involved with the work. He plans to use it to examine how pain-sensing neurons become more sensitive in injury or illness. With the new imaging technology, he says we can take apart whats happening in cells in a way that just has not been possible before.

Give a computer or a human brain information, and it will crackle with electrical impulses as it prepares a response. Within cells, these impulses result in spurts of multiple molecular signals. Boyden describes this process as a group conversation. Signals within a cell are like a set of people trying to decide what to do for the evening: they take into account many possibilities, and then decide what to collectively do, he says.

These cellular discussions are what prompt, for example, a neuron to encode a memory or a cell to turn cancerous. Despite their importance, scientists still dont have a strong grasp of how these signals work together to guide a cells behavior.

To see cell signaling in action, scientists typically introduce genes encoding sensors connected to fluorescent proteins. These molecular reporters sense a signal and then glow a specific color under the microscope. Researchers can use a different color reporter for each signal to tell the signals apart. But finding sets of reporters with colors that a microscope can differentiate is challenging. And a typical cellular conversation can involve dozens of signals or more.

Changyang Linghu and Shannon Johnson, scientists in Boydens lab, got around this limitation by affixing reporters to small, self-assembling proteins that act like LEGO bricks. These small proteins clicked together, forming clusters that were randomly scattered across the cell like little islands. Each cluster, which appears under the microscope as a luminescent dot, reports only one type of cellular signal. Its like having some islands with thermometers to report temperature and other islands with barometers measuring pressure, Johnson says.

In experiments with neurons, the team created clusters that each glowed upon detection of one of five different signals, including calcium ions and other important signaling molecules. After imaging the live cells, the researchers attached molecular labels to the glowing dots to identify the reporters located there. Using computer analyses, the team turned the dots magenta, yellow, and other colors, depending on whether they represented calcium or another signal. This let them see which signals were switching on and off across a cells interior.

By monitoring so many signals at once, the team was able to figure out how each signal related to one another. Teasing apart such relationships could help scientists understand complex processes like learning, Linghu says.

He likens a cell to an orchestra and its signals to a symphony. Its difficult to fully appreciate a symphony by listening to just a single instrument, he says. Because the new technique lets scientists observe multiple signals at the same time, we can understand the symphony of cellular activities.

Boydens team estimates it may be possible to detect as many as 16 signals with their technology, but improvements in genetic engineering techniques could raise that number significantly. Potentially, you could look at dozens, hundreds, or even more signals, he says. The next challenge, Boyden says, is getting sensors for all of those signals into a cell.

###

Citation

Changyang Linghu, Shannon L. Johnson et al. Spatial multiplexing of fluorescent reporters for dynamic imaging of signal transduction networks. Cell. Published online November 23, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.035

Continued here:
Recording the Symphony of Cellular Signals That Drive Biology - Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Global Genetic Engineering Drug Market: Trends Estimates High Demand by 2027

The Genetic Engineering Drug Market 2020 report includes the market strategy, market orientation, expert opinion and knowledgeable information. The Genetic Engineering Drug Industry Report is an in-depth study analyzing the current state of the Genetic Engineering Drug Market. It provides a brief overview of the market focusing on definitions, classifications, product specifications, manufacturing processes, cost structures, market segmentation, end-use applications and industry chain analysis. The study on Genetic Engineering Drug Market provides analysis of market covering the industry trends, recent developments in the market and competitive landscape.

It takes into account the CAGR, value, volume, revenue, production, consumption, sales, manufacturing cost, prices, and other key factors related to the global Genetic Engineering Drug market. All findings and data on the global Genetic Engineering Drug market provided in the report are calculated, gathered, and verified using advanced and reliable primary and secondary research sources. The regional analysis offered in the report will help you to identify key opportunities of the global Genetic Engineering Drug market available in different regions and countries.

The final report will add the analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 in this report Genetic Engineering Drug industry.

Some of The Companies Competing in The Genetic Engineering Drug Market are: GeneScience Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Beijing SL Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Biotech Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen Neptunus Interlong Bio-Technique Co., Ltd, Jiangsu Sihuan Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Anhui Anke Biotechnology (Group) Co., Ltd, 3SBio Inc., Shanghai Lansheng Guojian Pharmaceutical Co., and Ltd

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The report scrutinizes different business approaches and frameworks that pave the way for success in businesses. The report used Porters five techniques for analyzing the Genetic Engineering Drug Market; it also offers the examination of the global market. To make the report more potent and easy to understand, it consists of info graphics and diagrams. Furthermore, it has different policies and improvement plans which are presented in summary. It analyzes the technical barriers, other issues, and cost-effectiveness affecting the market.

Global Genetic Engineering Drug Market Research Report 2020 carries in-depth case studies on the various countries which are involved in the Genetic Engineering Drug market. The report is segmented according to usage wherever applicable and the report offers all this information for all major countries and associations. It offers an analysis of the technical barriers, other issues, and cost-effectiveness affecting the market. Important contents analyzed and discussed in the report include market size, operation situation, and current & future development trends of the market, market segments, business development, and consumption tendencies. Moreover, the report includes the list of major companies/competitors and their competition data that helps the user to determine their current position in the market and take corrective measures to maintain or increase their share holds.

What questions does the Genetic Engineering Drug market report answer pertaining to the regional reach of the industry?

The report claims to split the regional scope of the Genetic Engineering Drug market into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America & Middle East and Africa. Which among these regions has been touted to amass the largest market share over the anticipated duration

How do the sales figures look at present how does the sales scenario look for the future?

Considering the present scenario, how much revenue will each region attain by the end of the forecast period?

How much is the market share that each of these regions has accumulated presently

How much is the growth rate that each topography will depict over the predicted timeline

A short overview of the Genetic Engineering Drug market scope:

Global market remuneration

Overall projected growth rate

Industry trends

Competitive scope

Product range

Application landscape

Supplier analysis

Marketing channel trends Now and later

Sales channel evaluation

Market Competition Trend

Market Concentration Rate

Reasons to Read this Report

This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics

It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth

It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow

It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future

It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors

It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

TABLE OF CONTENT:

Chapter 1:Genetic Engineering Drug Market Overview

Chapter 2: Global Economic Impact on Industry

Chapter 3:Genetic Engineering Drug Market Competition by Manufacturers

Chapter 4: Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region

Chapter 5: Global Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions

Chapter 6: Global Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type

Chapter 7: Global Market Analysis by Application

Chapter 8: Manufacturing Cost Analysis

Chapter 9: Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

Chapter 10: Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

Chapter 11: Genetic Engineering Drug Market Effect Factors Analysis

Chapter 12: GlobalGenetic Engineering Drug Market Forecast to 2027

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More:
Analysis of Genetic Engineering Drug Market after Effect of Covid-19 on all the Industries around the world - The Market Feed