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The mTOR Pathway in Pluripotent Stem Cells: Lessons for …

December 8th, 2021 1:54 am

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The Feature Paper can be either an original research article, a substantial novel research study that often involvesseveral techniques or approaches, or a comprehensive review paper with concise and precise updates on the latestprogress in the field that systematically reviews the most exciting advances in scientific literature. This type ofpaper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications.

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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways & Lineage …

December 8th, 2021 1:54 am

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing progenitor cells from which all differentiated blood cell types arise during the process of hematopoiesis. These cells include lymphocytes, granulocytes, and macrophages of the immune system as well as circulating erythrocytes and platelets. Classically, HSCs are thought to differentiate into two lineage-restricted, lymphoid and myelo-erythroid, oligopotent progenitor cells. An alternative, myeloid-based model for blood lineage development from HSCs describes a novel intermediary, a common myelo-lymphoid progenitor cell, which has the capacity to generate progeny from both lineages. The mechanisms controlling HSC self-renewal and differentiation are thought to be influenced by a diverse set of cytokines, chemokines, receptors, and intracellular signaling molecules. Differentiation of HSCs is regulated, in part, by growth factors and cytokines including colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) and interleukins (ILs) that activate intracellular signaling pathways. The factors depicted below are known to influence HSC multipotency, proliferation, and lineage commitment. HSCs and their differentiated progeny can be identified by the expression of specific cell surface lineage markers such as cluster of differentiation (CD) proteins and cytokine receptors.

To learn more, please visit our Hematopoietic Stem Cell Molecules Research Area.

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Dutch stem cell biotech Neuroplast secures 10 million …

December 8th, 2021 1:54 am

GELEEN, Netherlands, Nov. 17, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Dutch clinical phase biotech Neuroplast raised a total of 10 million (US$ 11.5 million) in funding from investors Lumana Invest, Brightlands Venture Partners, LIOF, and from the Innovation Credit from the Netherlands Enterprise Agency, to further advance the clinical development of a transformative treatment for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI). Neuroplast will use this Series B funding to obtain conditional EMA market approval for its Neuro-Cells stem cell therapy.

Annually, approximately 29,000 people across Europe and the USA suffer from acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI), for which effective treatment is currently unavailable. Patients usually experience life-long disability and dependence, with a negative impact on quality of life. Furthermore, associated costs for society at large are estimated at over 11.4 billion ($13 billion) per year.

With the aim of giving back perspective to people that suffer from primarily inflammation-driven neurological disorders, Neuroplast has developed Neuro-Cells, a treatment that uses the patient's own stem cells to prevent (further) loss of function during the acute phase after sustaining damage to the spinal cord, to save mobility and independence.

Marcel Kloosterman, Managing Partner at Brightlands Venture Partners (BVP), states:

"The science behind Neuroplast's technology platform is truly groundbreaking.A future in which patients can make smart use of their own cells to put a stop to further neurological damages and improve potential regeneration is getting closer and closer.For BVP it is a thrill to be part of that fascinating journey."

Neuroplast acquired a GMP1 license and received a European Orphan Designation2 that allows fast-track development. Furthermore, it has already successfully completed a clinical Phase I trial, in collaboration with Hospital Nacional de Parapljicos in Spain, that confirmed safety and tolerability, without product-related adverse events. The Dutch Limburg-based biotech is currently preparing for an international multi-center randomized placebo-controlled Phase II study.

Tys van Elk, Director at LIOF, adds:

"Our mission is to move together towards a smarter, more sustainable, and healthier Limburg. We are pleased to see that the life sciences and health ecosystem in Limburg is a successful breeding ground for innovative companies like Neuroplast, that can really make impact."

Neuroplast will use the 10M (US$ 11.5M) Series B funding to take the next steps towards conditional EMA market approval for TSCI, which includes running Phase II and III trials, consulting the EMA and executing a Health Technology Assessment.

Next to the funded pathway for TSCI, Neuroplast aspires to explore applicability of the Neuro-Cellstechnology platform to other therapeutic areas.

Wim Smit, Managing Director at Lumana Invest, comments:

"We are not only excited about the clinical progress of Neuro-Cells treatment for TSCI, but also about the outlook of the technology to other conditions, such as Traumatic Brain Injury."

Vincent The, Chief Financial Officer at Neuroplast, concludes:

"This funding enables us to complete the Neuro-Cells development pathway for TSCI. With the recent successful completion of our Phase I study, we now have both a good clinical as well as a solid financial foundation in place. This puts us in a great position to start exploring the broader potential of the Neuro-Cells technology platform for other primarily inflammation-driven neurological disorders. For these activities, we are seeking complementary investment."

About Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Acute TSCI causes incurable impairment to the spinal cord, affecting approximately 12,000 people across Europe and 17,000 across the USA annually. The damage or trauma interrupts communication of the brain with the body regions below the site of injury. Spinal cord injuries are mainly caused by accidents and - in most of the cases - result in life-long loss of control of motor functions and sensations. After the primary injury to the spinal cord, a cascade of events leads to progressive loss of tissue which may further deteriorate the patient's prognosis. Current treatment approaches for TSCI are only symptomatic, leaving the underlying pathophysiology unchanged.

TSCI has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients, with severe implications on mobility and loss of independence. In addition, TSCI creates a lifetime financial burden for patients, payors, healthcare systems and societies at large.

About Neuro-Cells

Neuro-Cells is a transformative treatment under GMP in the crucial first phase after sustaining TSCI, during which the irreversible impact of TSCI can be radically reduced. It contains non-substantially manipulated bone marrow-derived hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, manufactured from a patient's own bone marrow (donor and receiver are the same person). Inflammatory inducing components and pathogens are removed during this process.

About Neuroplast

Neuroplast is a Dutch stem cell technology company focusing on fast-track development programs using autologous cell products for treatment of primarily inflammation-driven neurological disorders, with the aim of giving back perspective to people who suffer from those conditions.

The company was founded in August 2014 by physician Johannes de Munter and neurologist Erik Wolters. Current investors are Lumana Invest, Brightlands Venture Partners, LIOF and the Netherlands Enterprise Agency. Neuroplast is located in Brightlands Chemelot Campus in The Netherlands.

About Lumana Invest

Investment company Lumana was established by entrepreneurs and unique due to not having a predetermined investment horizon. The Lumana founders showcase strong commitment to their portfolio companies by actively supporting management in strategic decision making.

About Brightlands Venture Partners

Brightlands Venture Partners is the fund manager of BVP Fund IV and is a so-called ecosystem investor. BVP invests in companies benefiting from and contributing to the Brightlands campuses in the south of The Netherlands. Other funds under management are Chemelot Ventures, Brightlands Agrifood Fund and Limburg Ventures. BVP Fund IV focuses on sustainability and health and is the successor fund of the 2014 vintage Chemelot Ventures; together the funds have made over 40 investments.

About LIOF

LIOF is the regional development agency for Limburg and supports innovative entrepreneurs with advice, network and financing. Together with entrepreneurs and partners, LIOF is working towards a smarter, more sustainable and healthier Limburg by focusing on the transitions of energy, circularity, health and digitalization.

About The Netherlands Enterprise Agency

The Netherlands Enterprise Agency operates under the auspices of the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy. It facilitates entrepreneurship, improves collaborations, strengthens positions and helps realize national and international ambitions with funding, networking, know-how and compliance with laws and regulations.

Forward looking statements

All statements other than statements of historical facts, including the statements about the clinical and therapeutic potential and future clinical milestones of Neuro-Cells, the indications we intend to pursue and our possible clinical or other business strategies, and the timing of these events, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by terms such as "believes", "expects", "plans", "potential", "would" or similar expressions and the negative of those terms. These forward-looking statements are based on our management's current beliefs and assumptions about future events and on information currently available to management. Neuroplast B.V. does not make any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the improper use of this article, accuracy, completeness or updated status of above-mentioned statements. Therefore, in no case whatsoever will Neuroplast B.V. be legally liable or liable to anyone for any decision made or action taken in conjunction with the information and/or statements in this press release or for any related damages.

In case of any further questions, please contact:

Neuroplast Sasja VerhoogT: +31 (0)85 076 1000E: [emailprotected]

LifeSpring LifeSciences Communication, AmsterdamLeon MelensT: +31 6 538 16 427E: [emailprotected]

1Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) describes the minimum standards that a medicines manufacturer must meet in their production processes, under inspections coordinated by EMA

2An Orphan Designation (OD) is a designation for treatments of rare conditions, that allows fast-track clinical research

SOURCE Neuroplast

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Stem Cell Banking Market Size 2021, Latest Business Opportunities, Growth Statistics, Industry Share, Upcoming Trends, Covid-19 Impact, Demand…

December 8th, 2021 1:54 am

Report Ocean presents a new report on Stem Cell Banking Market size, share, growth, industry trends, and forecast 2030, covering various industry elements and growth trends helpful for predicting the markets future. The global stem cell banking market size was US$ 2.2 billion in 2020. The global stem cell banking market is forecast to reach the value of US$5.5 billion by 2030 by growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.6% during the forecast period from 2021-2030. Stem cell banking is a process of collecting, extorting, and freezing cord blood for future use. Cord blood stem cells are used in the treatment of blood-related diseases, including thalassemia, sickle cell disease, and leukemia.

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In order to produce a holistic assessment of the market, a variety of factors is considered, including demographics, business cycles, and microeconomic factors specific to the market under study. Stem Cell Banking Market report 2021 also contains a comprehensive business analysis of the state of the business, which analyzes innovative ways for business growth and describes critical factors such as prime manufacturers, production value, key regions, and growth rate.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services report that US healthcare expenditures grew by 4.6% to US$ 3.8 trillion in 2019, or US$ 11,582 per person, and accounted for 17.7% of GDP. Also, the federal government accounted for 29.0% of the total health expenditures, followed by households (28.4%). State and local governments accounted for 16.1% of total health care expenditures, while other private revenues accounted for 7.5%.

This study aims to define market sizes and forecast the values for different segments and countries in the coming eight years. The study aims to include qualitative and quantitative perspectives about the industry within the regions and countries covered in the report. The report also outlines the significant factors, such as driving factors and challenges, that will determine the markets future growth.

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Factors Influencing

The global stem cell banking market is forecast to gain traction, owing to the growing prevalence of blood-related diseases, rising healthcare expenditure, and favorable government initiatives to enhance the services in the healthcare sector.

The rising awareness regarding the therapeutic potential of stem cells treatment is forecast to fuel the growth of the global stem cell banking market.

The increasing approval for research activities and trials in the stem cell industry would create lucrative opportunities for market growth during the analysis period.

The growing development of advanced technologies for stem cell preservation, storage, and processing is forecast to create favorable growth opportunities for the market players in the global stem cell banking market.

Companies initiatives to increase awareness regarding the benefits of stem cells are forecast to accelerate the market growth in the coming years. CordBloodAwareness.org was created in the United States to spread awareness regarding umbilical cord blood stem cells.

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Geographic Analysis

Geographically, North America is forecast to lead in the global stem cell banking market because of the rising awareness regarding stem cell banking services and technological advancement in the industry. In addition, increasing demand for stem cell transplantation procedures is accelerating the regional growth in the global stem cell banking market. Furthermore, government initiatives to enhance healthcare infrastructure should create promising opportunities for the market players in the stem cell banking industry.

Asia-Pacific is forecast to grow with a significant compound annual growth rate. The increasing population awareness regarding the therapeutic benefits of stem cell banking is the primary factor driving the market growth. Moreover, government initiatives for improving healthcare infrastructure would propel the regions contribution.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The global stem cell banking market witnessed a slight slow down during the pandemic as preferences shifted to curbing the COVID-19 spread. Moreover, people avoided vising hospitals for stem cell treatment as it increases the chances of risk. Surgeons and doctors also postponed other treatments, as the entire healthcare sector was overburdened by the COVID-19 patients. Thus, the stem cell banking market witnessed a slight decline during the pandemic.

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Competitors in the Market

Cord Blood Registry System

Cordlife Group Limited

Cryo-Cell International

Cryo-Save AG

LifeCell International

StemCyte

ViaCord

Global Cord Blood

Smart Cells International

Vita34

CryoHoldco

Other prominent players

Market segmentation

By Service Type

Collection & Transportation

Processing

Analysis

Storage

By Utilization

Used

Unused

By Cell Type

Umbilical Cord Stem Cell

Cord Blood

Cord Tissue

Placenta

Adult Stem Cell

Embryonic Stem Cell

By Bank Type

Public

Private

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By Region

North America

The U.S.

Canada

Mexico

Europe

Western Europe

The UK

Germany

France

Italy

Spain

Rest of Western Europe

Eastern Europe

Poland

Russia

Rest of Eastern Europe

Asia Pacific

China

India

Japan

Australia & New Zealand

ASEAN

Rest of Asia Pacific

Middle East & Africa (MEA)

UAE

Saudi Arabia

South Africa

Rest of MEA

South America

Brazil

Argentina

Rest of South America

What are the aspects of this report that relate to regional analysis?

The reports geographical regions include North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa.

The report provides a comprehensive analysis of market trends, including information on usage and consumption at the regional level.

Reports on the market include the growth rates of each region, which includes their countries, over the coming years.

How are the key players in the market assessed?

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leading competitors in the market.

The report includes information about the key vendors in the market.

The report provides a complete overview of each company, including its profile, revenue generation, cost of goods, and products manufactured.

The report presents the facts and figures about market competitors, alongside the viewpoints of leading market players.

A market report includes details on recent market developments, mergers, and acquisitions involving the key players mentioned.

What is the key information extracted from the report?

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Removal of sanctions major reason for Iran’s signature on JCPOA – Tehran Times

December 8th, 2021 1:54 am

Chabahar Port is not only a transit port, it is an investment opportunity, the Iranian ambassador in India said in a recent interview with ThePrint, a Delhi-based online newspaper.

Ali Chegani pointed out that Indian External Affairs Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar has visited Iran twice after the presidency of Seyed Ebrahim Raisi and added that a visit by his Iranian counterpart Hussain Amir Abdollahian to New Delhi is in the pipeline.

The Iranian envoy pointed out the Chabahar Port is not subject to U.S. unilateral sanctions. Pundits believe that an exemption was granted due to the U.S. focus on containing the emerging Chinese influence in the region. The Pakistani Port of Gwadar, which lies 140 kilometers east of Chabahar, is being developed by China as part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.

In May 2015, Iran and India signed a cooperation agreement for the development of Chabahar port. Indias private sector was scheduled to invest in Chabahar in two phases.

The first phase is a $31 billion project that involves construction of two berths in the port, a container of 640 meters and a multipurpose cargo terminal of 600 meters.

In the second phase, Indias Jindal Infrastructure, Essar, SAIL and IRCON will develop the area around the port which involves developing a free trade zone and a railway line connecting landlocked Afghanistan to the Central Asian region.

For India, one of the fastest growing economies in the world, Chabahar Port will provide an alternative route to conduct business with Afghanistan and Central Asia circumventing Pakistan.

Iran has built an alliance with the East, including China, Russia and regional countries

In January 2017, seven agreements valued at over $3bn were signed by Iranian, Indian, Omani, Chinese, and South Korean investors to promote investment opportunities and sustainable development in Mokran coast in Chabahar Free Trade Zone (CFTZ).

However, all foreign investors exited from Chabahar project due to U.S. withdrawal from the JCPOA and imposition of maximum pressure sanctions in 2018. In total 1,500 sanctions were legislated during the former U.S. President Donald Trumps administration. These restrictions make financial transactions almost impossible. Worth mentioning is also that the foreign investors could be subject to secondary sanctions.

With the ongoing seventh round of the JCPOA talks which resumed on November 29, the Western powers must keep in mind what kind of economic doldrums the Iranian middle and lower class are going through due to sanctions along with the COVID-19 pandemic. The Raisi administration has emphasized sanctions removal is a prerequisite for revival of the nuclear deal.

Humanitarian imports were allowed under the maximum pressure sanctions instituted by Trump. Due to lack of a stable banking channel for humanitarian work Iran is unable to import drugs, medical equipment, etc. in this pandemic era.

When the U.S. exited the JCPOA in 2018, the so-called E3 (Germany, France and UK) registered the Instrument in Support of Trade Exchanges (INSTEX). However, this special purpose vehicle (SPV) has no engine or driver. INSTEX mechanism was supposed to keep trade flow between Europe and Iran and initially it was announced that this SPV would be used for sectors most essential, such as pharmaceutical, medical devices, and agri-food goods. However, this SPV remains without a driver and engineless.

The Norwegian Refugee Council warned recently that future aid work is at risk in Iran due to the U.S. sanctions. The delivery of aid to Afghan refugees residing in Iran and for the 2019s severe flooding victims in Iran was at risk because banks are refusing to transfer money to aid agencies due to fear of sanctions, says the Norwegian group.In April 2019 severe and widespread flash flooding forced 366,000 people from their homes, and killed 76 people in 25 of 31 provinces in Iran. With infrastructure facilities and livelihoods hit hard, immediate and long-term assistance and support for over two million people was hampered due to sanctions.

In an address to the UN on November 9, Irans ambassador to the United Nations, Majid Takht Ravanchi, denounced the unilateral sanctions for barring the affected countries from gaining access to financial resources needed for achieving the goals of sustainable development. Ravanchi pointed out that issues such as exclusion and inequality can act as potential drivers, aggravating factors for conflicts and weaken opportunities in achieving lasting peace.

When Raisi took office he promised to take action to lift harsh sanctions and bridge the gap with dissatisfied Iranian general public but emphasized that he will not tie the countrys future to the West. Raisi said instead his administration will prioritize regional ties, especially with neighboring countries.

Iran has built an alliance with the East, including China, Russia and regional countries. Raisis promise of prioritizing relations with the regional countries has borne fruit. Irans membership of the SCO was one of the limelight, but the process of membership started years ago and it will take another two years for the institution of Irans full membership.

Another example is Raisis visit to Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, on November 28. During the trip an agreement was signed for gas swaps between Iran, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. Petroleum Minister Javad Owji said the shipments are due to begin on December 22. This happened at the backdrop of the recent rocky diplomatic road between Iran and Azerbaijan.

Meanwhile, there have been several rounds of talks between Iranian and Saudi Arabian officials. Both sides have expressed optimism over the talks and future rounds are in the pipeline which could bring the two main players of the region closer.

The Iran-China Strategic Agreement deal was signed on March 27, 2021, on the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Iran and China. Although the details and terms of the agreement originally proposed in 2016 have not been made public, it has been announced that China will invest $400-600 billion into the Iranian economy, reads an article by China Briefing. In return for the Chinese help Iran will provide cheap oil. The two countries also signed defense agreements and conducted naval exercises during the Rouhani years.

This is the first time that the Islamic Republic has reached such an extensive deal with a major world power. The last one was a 10-year agreement with Russia, which was later extended to 20 years.

What will be the impact of the Iran-China strategic deal on the development of Chabahar remains to be seen.

With the continuation of the sanctions regime, Irans so-called shift to the East is inevitable. China and Russias role in the development of Chabahar Free Trade Zone is inevitable.

Chinas new digital currency e-RMB along with barter trade could play an important role to facilitate Sino-Iranian trade, reducing regional reliance on greenback transactions.However, returning full-circle back to todays economic realities, the U.S. dollar remains the most important and influential currency in the current financial market. In 2019, the U.S. dollar made up nearly 90 percent of all international transactions and 60 percent of all foreign exchange reserves. The supremacy of the U.S. dollar gives U.S. economic sanctions their strength, making it nearly impossible for sanctioned nations such as Iran and North Korea to conduct international business.

In a recent telephone conversation, Raisi told his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin that the Islamic Republic is absolutely serious about negotiations and we are equally serious about our people rights to have sanctions lifted, according to a statement published on the presidencys website.

The moment the sanctions regime vanishes Iran will become one of the most lucrative places in the world to invest. Apart from natural resources, Iran is also a major global producer of steel, cement, cars and well positioned in nanotechnology and stem cell research.

All efforts should be made during the seven round of the Vienna talks to facilitate the legal rights of the Iranian nation to benefit from peaceful nuclear knowledge.

Describing Iran's potential, Sajid Rizvi, editor-in-chief of the London-based EAPGROUP International Media, said, It's very hard to beat its roll call of assets: a consumer market of more than 80 million, largely well educated people; a human capital mix that is even more attractive than Turkey; and in the all important energy front, a combination of as much oil as Saudi Arabia, as much gas as Russia, and arguably more mineral resources than Australia.

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December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

NEW YORK, Dec. 3, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- JDRF, the leading global funder of type 1 diabetes (T1D) research, proudly announces the relaunch of Rufus, the Bear with Diabetes .

The newly redesigned bear now features special patches to interact within Rufus' world on the new companion mobile application "Rufus the Bear with Diabetes," made possible by the JDRF Beyond Type 1 Alliance, which features educational and fun games to teach children about life with diabetes. Through the app, children can help Rufus manage his diabetes and gain hands-on practice with diabetes management essentials like counting cards, monitoring blood sugar, and dosing with insulin.

"For more than 25 years, Rufus has been one of the most requested support items for children with T1D," said Kristin Horowitz, Senior Manager of Community Engagement at JDRF. "Rufus' new upgrades now match the most up-to-date T1D management options and will help so many newly diagnosed families easily learn the basics of day-to-day diabetes care in a fun way."

In the app, users will get to utilize Rufus's virtual diabetes toolkit, which includes a glucometer, insulin pen, pump, and a CGM, guiding them to make healthy choices in the kitchen to learn about the impact of carbs and how to identify them. But the fun doesn't stop there, as users can follow the adventures of Rufus as he trains for the All-Star Game in 21 interactive e-books on the app. In addition, the interactive learning curriculum co-designed by doctors, educators, and families include fun and educational content.

"I am excited to see the progression of Rufus," said Carol Cramer, creator of Rufus the Bear. "When I put together the first Rufus bear I wanted to provide my son with an object of comfort to help navigate his new normal, but little did I know through connecting with JDRF and other T1D families there was a widespread need for a comforting companion. Over the years, I have seen Rufus help families through the hardest times and I am extremely proud of the continued work of JDRF to ensure so many children receive their new diabetes best friend."

Rufus is available to newly diagnosed families through the Bag of Hope program and on the JDRF store https://shop.jdrf.org/product/JDRF-Rufus.

The app Rufus the Bear with Diabetes is available on Google Play, Apple App Store and the Amazon App Store.

About T1DType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which a person's pancreas stops producing insulin, a hormone that enables people to get energy from food. It occurs when the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the Relpancreas, called beta cells. While its causes are not yet entirely understood, scientists believe that both genetic factors and environmental triggers are involved. Its onset has nothing to do with diet or lifestyle. There is nothing you can do to prevent T1D, andat presentnothing you can do to get rid of it.

About JDRFJDRF's mission is to accelerate life-changing breakthroughs to cure, prevent and treat T1D and its complications. To accomplish this, JDRF has invested more than $2.5 billion in research funding since our inception. We are an organization built on a grassroots model of people connecting in their local communities, collaborating regionally for efficiency and broader fundraising impact, and uniting on a national stage to pool resources, passion, and energy. We collaborate with academic institutions, policymakers, and corporate and industry partners to develop and deliver a pipeline of innovative therapies to people living with T1D. Our staff and volunteers throughout the United States and our five international affiliates are dedicated to advocacy, community engagement and our vision of a world without T1D. For more information, please visit jdrf.org or follow us on Twitter (@JDRF), Facebook (@myjdrf), and Instagram (@jdrfhq).

About Beyond Type 1

Beyond Type 1 is a nonprofit organization changing what it means to live with diabetes. Through platforms, programs, resources, and grants, Beyond Type 1 is uniting the global diabetes community and providing solutions to improve lives today. Founded in 2015 with a focus on education, advocacy and the path to a cure for Type 1 diabetes, Beyond Type 1 has grown to also include programs for those with Type 2 diabetes. A new model of philanthropy, Beyond Type 1 aims to change what it means to live with chronic illness. For more information, visit beyondtype1.org or follow @beyondtype1 on social media.

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Long-Term Glycemic Control Cuts Risk for Severe COVID-19 With T2DM – HealthDay News

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

TUESDAY, Dec. 7, 2021 (HealthDay News) -- Two- to three-year longitudinal glycemic levels are independently associated with COVID-19-related severity in people with type 2 diabetes, according to a study recently published in BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.

Bowen Wang, from Optum Health in Eden Prairie, Minnesota, and colleagues assessed associations of longitudinal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and common medications (metformin, insulin, ACE inhibitors [ACEIs], angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs], and corticosteroids) with COVID-19 severity in people with type 2 diabetes. The OptumLabs Data Warehouse (January 2017 to November 2020) was used to identify 16,504 individuals with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19.

The researchers found that two- to three-year longitudinal glycemic control was significantly associated with COVID-19-related severity (adjusted hazard ratios, 1.12 per 1 percent increase and 1.48 for those with poor [HbA1c, 9 percent] versus adequate glycemic control [HbA1c, 6 to 9 percent]). There was a significant reduction in intensive care use associated with corticosteroids and the combined use of insulin and metformin. No reduced risk for intensive care was seen with use of ACEIs or ARBs.

"We present a potential method to use HbA1c history, which presented a stronger association with COVID-19 severity than single-point HbA1c, to identify in advance those more at risk of intensive care due to COVID-19 in the type 2 diabetes population," the authors write.

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Diabetes and your eyes: 4 things to know – University of Michigan Health System News

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

When you think of diabetes, you probably think of glucose. Insulin. High blood pressure. Your pancreas.

But what about your eyes?

Although they may not be the first thing you think of when it comes to diabetes, your vision can be heavily impacted, and permanently damaged by it, with one in three people aged 40 or older with diabetes showing signs of diabetic retinopathy, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease.

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Your eyes are an important window into the health of the rest of your body, said Julie Rosenthal, M.D., M.S., an ophthalmologist at the Kellogg Eye Center who specializes in diseases of the retina and vitreous. Below, Rosenthal shares essential information about the disease and eye health.

1. At first, the eye damage from diabetes may not be noticeable

Often, Rosenthal explains, there arent clear early warning signs that you have diabetic eye disease, that its developing, or even progressing.

And the longer you have diabetes, the greater the risk you have of it affecting your eyes.

Early changes can include bleeding within the retina, which may not affect your vision at first. At any stage, you can develop swelling in the macula, which often leads to blurred central vision, known as macular edema, said Rosenthal. The macula is where you have your sweet spot of vision. It's what helps you recognize faces, read and see objects up close.

As your diabetes advances to the later stages, the blood flow to the retina can decrease, depriving your retina of oxygen and nutrition, recruiting new blood vessels, called neovascularization, one of the hallmarks of a condition called diabetic retinopathy.

While those new blood vessels sound like a really great solution to not getting enough nutrients and oxygen, they're not good blood vessels, said Rosenthal. And, if left untreated, they can lead to vision loss."

2. If left untreated, diabetic retinopathy could cause irreversible vision loss

Diabetic retinopathy has two stages:

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, or NPDR: The retina can have spots of bleeding, areas where blood flow is disrupted called cotton wool spots, and fatty tissues that leak from the blood vessels into the retina. This can result in serious vision loss if left untreated.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR): The more advanced form of the disease develops when new blood vessels form on the retina by way of neovascularization. The blood vessels, which break easily and are extremely fragile, can lead to bleeding within the eye, causing cloudy vision. Left untreated, the disease can result in retinal tears or detachments, both which can severely damage your vision.

Macular edema can happen at either of these stages.

3. Luckily, there are treatment options available for diabetic retinopathy

According to Rosenthal, the gold standard for PDR is a laser treatment.

When your eye is not receiving great blood flow, it sends a signal to bring these new blood vessels, said Rosenthal. Were trying to stop that signal from being sent by putting laser in those areas.

At Kellogg, laser surgery is considered the mainstay of treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Most of us at Kellogg, and many other retina specialists, feel that its probably the best option, said Rosenthal.

Another treatment option involves medicine injections into the eye, which can sometimes treat the new blood vessels being formed.

Although sometimes these new blood vessels can be treated with these injections, the treatment is temporary and needs to be repeated, often monthly, Rosenthal said.

The injections are a great treatment for macular edema, however, and can help improve your vision if you have this.

4. Good health maintenance and consistent doctor visits are key in preventing severe disease

Since these eye complications stem from an underlying, chronic disease, the problem must be attacked at the root by regulating your blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol with your primary care provider.

But Rosenthals biggest piece of advice? Visit an eye doctor yearly.

You might not notice any problems during the earlier stages, so its important to get your eyes examined regularly, said Rosenthal. If we can detect the issue early, we have a much better chance of preventing irreversible vision loss and the later stages of the disease.

She adds that warning signs of advancing diabetic eye disease may include new floaters, decreased vision or spots in your vision.

As a patient with diabetes, you may already feel as if your schedule is filled with medical appointments and its difficult to make time for another. However, eye health is critical, and vision loss from diabetes is preventable with timely interventions.

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Age over 40, BMI above 23 and a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Increases Diabetes Risk by 40 times – Findings from the Fitterfly Campaign – PR…

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

MUMBAI, India, Dec. 8, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- In India, more than 80 million people are diagnosed with diabetes. By 2030, the number stated will see an increase to 130 million if no action is taken. Diabetes is an alarming issue in our country that requires immediate attention and precaution. With over 90 million people with prediabetes, 70% of them will convert to type 2 diabetes in the next 5-10 years.Diabetes is a chronic disease developed mainly due to one's lifestyle choices and family history. It is a combination of factors- environmental and genetic factors. Pre-diabetes which is a precursor to diabetes - is when one's body is insulin resistant. When not treated and identified, this can further convert to Type -2 diabetes.

Fitterfly Healthtech, a leading Indian Digital Therapeutics company, pioneered the #FightPrediabetes campaign, in partnership with top doctors of India, Roche Diabetes, USV and Lal Path labs. The campaign created awareness about prediabetes and reached over a million Indians via online events, social media, corporate reach, etc. It was kickstarted on 14th August - 90 days before diabetes day - to draw attention to the prediabetes situation in India. As part of this, a nationwide study was conducted to assess the risk of prediabetes in Indian adults, the first-of-its-kind initiative in India. The test is an evidence-based, clinically-validated tool to assess an individual's risk of Pre-diabetes, following international protocols for prediabetes detection such as the American Diabetes Association and Centers for Disease Control (USA).

5000 people from the top 10 cities of India took the test and people were asked questions about their health profile, family history of diabetes, other health conditions and lifestyle. The online survey generated a report and classified the people into various risk profiles for diabetes and prediabetes- low, moderate or high. Detailed reports and recommendations to prevent progression to diabetes were shared after the test with all participants.

The data was then studied using statistical analysis for the calculation of relative risk of prediabetes with factors like age, BMI, physical activity, family history of diabetes and the presence of high blood pressure.

Dr Arbinder Singal, CEO & Cofounder of Fitterfly said, "This is a first-of-its-kind study in India which highlights the high metabolic risks that people need to take seriously by using an online risk calculator made for the Indian population -www.fitterfly.com/prediabetes-risk-test. The keys are to lose weight and bring BMI under 23 and increase physical activity. I was also diagnosed to have prediabetes in 2019 and with a strong family history of diabetes, I was really worried. I used advanced technology built by Fitterfly to understand blood sugar response to various foods using a CGM sensor, make the right food choices and get a variety of physical activities to reverse my prediabetes. We would suggest that prediabetes is the right stage for us to work together at a national level to fight the incoming tsunami of diabetes."

Further to the analysis conducted, weight is considered a big contributor in developing type 2 diabetes. Our findings gathered about 89.1% of people with BMI (above>23) in the overweight and obese category had a moderate to high risk score for developing prediabetes. Additionally, if they have a family history of diabetes and less than the recommended level of physical activity (150 mins per week), the risk goes up by 40 times.

Therefore, it is crucial to maintain a healthy lifestyle by constantly monitoring one's calorie intake and calories burnt. With links between obesity and diabetes established, reducing even a small amount of weight can help improve one's body's insulin sensitivity. With the Fitterfly study conducted, an average weight reduction between 8-12 Kg can significantly reduce the risk to low risk categories.

About Fitterfly

Fitterfly is a smart, personal digital therapeutic solution that is an anytime, anywhere companion for patients to truly achieve their health goals. The company offers a clinically validated, digital-led therapy that connects patients, health coaches and healthcare providers in meaningful ways to enable sustainable behaviour change that is at the core of good health.

Fitterfly achieves transformational outcomes for patients with personalised, data and coaching-led behaviour change via Vogital (voice and digital) touchpoints with a user-centric app. The programs are based on glocally accepted, evidence-based protocols and cutting-edge research.

Fitterfly's current product suite includes scientific and hyper-personalized DTx programs for diabetes, PCOS, obesity, pregnancy, and child wellness. They are the preferred digital therapeutic partner for many doctors, hospitals, organisations like pharma companies, corporates and medical device companies.

Fitterfly was Co-Founded by Dr Arbinder Singal- CEO, Shailesh Gupta- COO, and Jayesh Sawant- CTO/CPO.

Website:https://www.fitterfly.com/

Logo: https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/1522090/Fitterfly_Logo.jpg

SOURCE Fitterfly HealthTech

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This Was the First Sign of Diabetes Anthony Anderson Noticed Best Life – Best Life

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

Since 2014, actor Anthony Anderson has starred as Andre "Dre" Johnson, on Black-ish, which will begin airing its eighth and final season in January. But while he's earned 11 Emmy nominations for his work on the show, his story goes far beyond just acting. Back in 2001, Anderson was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and in the decades since, he's spoken about his experience and become an advocate for others like him. In discussing his symptoms, Anderson has also shared the one sign that helped him realize something wasn't quite right, leading to his diagnosis. Read on to learn more about the 51-year-old's first sign of type 2 diabetes, and his history with the medical condition.

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In 2001, at the age of 31, Anderson found himself feeling under the weather, but didn't know why. "I was taking midday naps, something that I had never done before," he recalled to WebMD in 2016. "I was developing a television show, I was doing movies. I was fatigued, but I thought that it was just everything catching up to me."

Aside from this exhaustion, Anderson experienced a much more jarring symptom. He told WebMD that after he drank five gallons of water in one night, he knew it was time to see a doctor. This led to his diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, a chronic condition where a body resists or doesn't produce enough insulin, resulting in too much sugar in the bloodstream, per the Mayo Clinic.

Excessive thirst is one of the most common symptoms of type 2 diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association. The site notes that other symptoms include fatigue, urinating frequently, feeling very hungry while eating, and numbness in hands or feet.

RELATED:If You Notice This In The Bathroom, It Could Be an Early Sign of Diabetes, Experts Say.

While speaking to Diabetes Voice, an online magazine produced by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Anderson said that he felt like he didn't know how to deal with his diagnosis, as a busy actor in his thirties and father to a 1-year-old. Ultimately, his family became a big part of his journey with the disease, including his stepfather, Sterling Bowman, who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes right after Anderson.

"Looking back one thing is pretty clear, my father probably lived with diabetes for more than 20 years undiagnosed," Anderson said. "Now that I know diabetes symptoms, I can see that my father exhibited them. He was living with diabetes when I was a teenager, he just didn't know it." The actor shared that his mother, Doris Hancox, was later diagnosed with type 2 diabetes as well.

Unfortunately, in 2008, Bowman passed away from type 2 diabetes complications. For Anderson, the loss of his father encouraged him to think more about his health. "My dad just didn't know what happens when you don't take control of your diabetes," he said in a 2018 interview with Get Real About Diabetes, a campaign that Anderson worked on with pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk. "That was a real wake-up call for me. I didn't want to just be a memory for my family, I wanted to be there. So, I vowed right then and there that things would be different, that I would get serious about managing my diabetes."

Anderson told Diabetes Voice that he's gone through some major lifestyle changes, including a new workout routine. He started walking and jogging on the treadmill twice a day, and he has a trainer in Los Angeles that he works with four times a week. "It's a mixture of cardio, strength, and boxing," he explained. "So, we work out with weights and then do some boxing, then cardio."

Besides exercising, he also focuses on eating things in moderation. "Healthy eating is equally important, Anderson added. "I have better control of the things I consciously do. I have more control of my health in terms of being diligent such as making time for the gym and eating the right foods."

Managing his diabetes goes beyond physical activity and diet, however. The actor revealed to Get Real About Diabetes that he uses injectables, which delivers liquid medications, like insulin, into the body.

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Anderson had the opportunity to incorporate his experience with diabetes into his hit show. During a 2017 episode of Black-ish, Dre is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. While speaking to Diabetes Voice, Anderson detailed how Dre struggles to come to terms with his diagnosis.

"It's the first integration of its kind where the main character I play is diagnosed with a disease that the lead actor, me, actually lives with for real," he said. "We wanted to talk about Andre's challenges publicly to bring greater awareness. That's why I want to talk about diabetes on Black-ish. I wanted to show how diabetes has affected me personally, and how devastating its effect can be."

Although living with the disease can be difficult, Anderson has no intentions of letting it hold him back. In his interview with Get Real About Diabetes, he explained that he's found his own way to "run with" his disease, and he's hoping others will do the same.

"Whether it's being there for your family, the things you still want to accomplish in life, the places you want to gofocus on all those things and let them drive you," he said. "Changing what food you eat, consistently being active, and taking an injectable medicine may seem a bit daunting at first, but just give it a shot, pun intended."

RELATED:This Was the First Sign of Parkinson's That Michael J. Fox Noticed.

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NDSU offering diabetes prevention program – AM 1100 The Flag WZFG

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

(Fargo, ND)--The Cass County Extension Office will be offering the National Diabetes Prevention Program starting January 4th, 2022. The National DPP is a lifestyle change intervention arming residents with skills to make lasting changes to lose weight and reduce their risk of type 2 diabetes.

Starting in January, program participants will learn how to eat healthy, be more physically active, manage stress, stay motivated, and solve problems that can get in the way of healthy changes. Groups meet once a week for 16 weeks, then once a month for 8 months from noon to 1:00 p.m. in the Cass County Annex at 1010 2nd Avenue S. Fargo.

Eligible participants are at least 18 years old, overweight, not pregnant, and do not currently have diabetes. Interested participants are encouraged to check with their health care provider to find out if they have pre-diabetes or are at risk for type 2 diabetes.

Preregistration is required. For more information or to register for the program, contact Rita Ussatis at 701-241-5700.

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More than half of Houstonians who died from COVID had diabetes – Houston Chronicle

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

Half of Houstonians who died of COVID-19 had diabetes, a Houston Health Department review concluded late last month.

The virus killed more than 3,600 city residents as of November, nearly 52 percent of whom had diabetes, according to health department data. One quarter were obese.

Stephen Williams, director of the Houston Health Department, said the findings are not surprising, given the citys high rate of diabetes. The chronic endocrine condition, which results from too much sugar in the bloodstream, is more prevalent in Houston than most other major cities. Diabetics account for 13.5 percent of the Houston-area population; the national average is 10 percent.

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People with underlying health conditions, including diabetes, are more vulnerable to severe outcomes if they get COVID-19, Williams said.

The prevalence of diabetics among the citys COVID dead may help explain why the virus has disproportionately sickened and killed minorities, said Dr. Luis Ostrosky, chief of infectious diseases with McGovern Medical School at UTHealth and Memorial Hermann. Racial and ethnic minorities are more susceptible to diabetes, in part due to what researchers believe are biological differences in insulin secretion and obesity rates.

We have large Hispanic and African American populations, as well as some Asian populations, that are prone to diabetes, Ostrosky said. That the chronic condition played a role in half of Houstons COVID deaths is perhaps a function of our racial and ethnic make-up.

While diabetics have extra cause for concern should they contract the virus, the infectious disease specialist urged anyone with underlying conditions to protect themselves with vaccines and diligent masking. People with diabetes, heart problems, neurological conditions or other complications have a lower reserve for dealing with the infection and inflammation that characterize COVID, he said.

Williams, of the city health department, said the clear connection between diabetes and fatal COVID highlights the need for more public education.

COVID Q&A: Dr. Peter Hotez answers COVID variant questions

In some communities, diabetes is not taken seriously, the health director said. Oftentimes multi-generations have it, and its considered just a little sugar or whatever. Thats where education and awareness come into play.

Free diabetes education is available at the Third Ward Multi-Service Center and the Denver Harbor Multi-Service Center. Both offer classes on nutrition, fitness and chronic disease management. The city-run Diabetes Awareness and Wellness Network, which operates the centers, is looking for funding to open at least two more facilities in the coming years.

The centers are critical to the community, said Dr. Faith Foreman-Hays, chronic disease director at the health department. They provide free behavioral support that aligns with what doctors recommend for preventing or managing diabetes to help improve quality of life.

Staff nurses and dietitians at the centers teach life-saving preventative care, Foreman-Hays said, and are on hand to help diabetics manage their blood sugar levels.

nora.mishanec@chron.com

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‘He changed my son’s life’: How the Ravens Mark Andrews inspires others with diabetes – Baltimore Ravens Blog- ESPN – ESPN

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

BALTIMORE -- Ravens tight end Mark Andrews had finished his pregame warm-ups and was walking off the field in Chicago on Nov. 21 when he saw a sign that immediately caught his attention.

In purple lettering, it read: T1D.

Few in Soldier Field knew what it meant, but Andrews did -- its shorthand for Type 1 diabetes.

Andrews veered over to 10-year-old Rhys Kinney, who made the placard for the Pro Bowl tight end. After giving Kinney a fist bump, Andrews told him: Anything you want to do is possible."

A Type 1 diabetic since childhood, Andrews has made it his mission to motivate those diagnosed with this chronic condition at a young age. His message: Dont let this disease define you.

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Andrews goal has never been to become the best tight end with diabetes. He wants to become the best tight end in football, and his 22 receiving touchdowns since 2019 -- the most by any tight end -- are a testament to his determination. Still, Andrews knows his success can make a difference off the field.

Type 1 diabetes is a 24/7 fight, and for a young kid to see someone performing at the highest level, I think thats encouraging, Andrews said. Thats a big moment.

Kinney, who lives approximately 30 miles outside of Chicago, was diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 5. He was in the hospital and scared, according to his father, Brett. His one question was whether he would ever play baseball again.

"Its not something that I can relate to him about, Brett said. "I can say that I can understand him getting frustrated, but I cant say that I can understand from experience.

I just like to get him around people like Mark so that he can laugh and make a joke about it, and theyre like, 'Yeah, I know exactly what youre talking about. That sucks. Why I really appreciate Mark is he made Rhys feel special, and not different. He has plenty of days where he feels different.

Rhys and Brett reached out to the Ravens a few weeks before they traveled to the road game against the Bears, and they soon received a letter. Andrews wrote to Rhys and explained diabetes made him the person he is today, and that he should view the disease as a benefit, not a hindrance. Andrews said he was forced to grow up very quickly because of his condition. At an early age, he learned how to count the carbs he would consume and calculate the correct insulin dosage he would inject into his body. Andrews said it pushed him to respect his body and his health.

Rhys was determined to meet Andrews in Chicago, and the Ravens told the Kinneys the best way to make it happen was to make a sign. So Rhys went to work. The sign had T1D on one side and Mark 89 Andrews on the other. To make sure Rhys, wearing his Andrews jersey, was perfectly positioned, his father got tickets by the tunnel where Ravens players entered and left the field.

The preparation paid off. After talking with Andrews before the game, Rhys made sure to wave goodbye after Baltimores 16-13 victory, and Andrews provided a souvenir by handing over his gloves. Rhys has rarely taken them off since, whether hes simulating one-handed grabs in the living room or even eating dinner.

"The amount of kindness that Mark showed my family, and the effect that he had on my son cannot be overemphasized, Brett said. "He really changed my sons life. Hell remember this forever.

The American Diabetes Association estimates 1.6 million people have Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disease that prevents your pancreas from producing insulin. Andrews has become one of the leading advocates for the diabetes community. Last year, he wrote a column for USA Today about how he didnt let the disease stop him from achieving his dreams. Over the years, Andrews has mentored boys and girls on eating right and staying active. Hes also counseled some who have become depressed after being diagnosed with diabetes.

"To be able to have that kind of impact, that means a lot to Mark. But, more importantly, he wants it to mean something to kids, said Martha Andrews, Marks mother. Whether you want to be a ballerina, a football player or baseball player, or you just want to be a fireman, you cant let this stop you. You've got to find a way to make it work. And Mark, he found a way. Hes lucky. But he just never took no for an answer.

Andrews life changed after a near-death experience.

Andrews experienced his first hypoglycemic incident, which caused him to lose consciousness, as a freshman at Oklahoma. His glucose levels dropped extremely low while he was napping after football practice. When Andrews roommate found him unresponsive, he shoved fruit snacks in Andrews mouth and called 911.

That kind of woke myself up and my family, Andrews said.

Andrews doctor told him about a continuous glucose monitor, which Andrews now wears every day. No more daily finger pricks. No more uncertainty about his blood sugar level.

His Dexcom G6 monitor uses a tiny sensor to send glucose levels to his phone, alerts him when his levels are too low or high and discreetly attaches to his hip. He wears it under his uniform.

Honestly, I dont even notice it, even when I get hit there, Andrews said. I forget its on me sometimes.

The glucose monitor provides real-time updates on his blood sugar level through an app, and the information is shared with family members, his agent and the Ravens' trainers. Andrews mother acknowledges she will check two or three times per day -- being a little bit nosey.

She intervenes only when she receives an alert, which indicates Andrews blood sugar level is below 60. If she sees double arrows down -- which means his levels are dropping fast -- Martha will send a one-word text to her 6-foot-5, 256-pound son: Sugar. This typically happens once a week.

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"Its very important to my sound mind, Martha said. "You can say, out of sight, out of mind, but you cant do that with diabetes. Its a worry 24 hours a day. But now I dont have to. I know my phone will buzz if I have to get involved.

Blood sugar levels can drop when someone exerts a lot of energy, so its important to keep an eye on Andrews when he suits up. During practices, Andrews gives his phone to a trainer, who follows him all around the field. After Andrews runs a couple of plays, hell come off the field and the trainer will give him his exact readings. In games, Andrews keeps a diabetes bag on the sideline thats filled with snacks and other supplies to help him maintain his blood sugar levels.

Ravens backup tight end Nick Boyle has become more educated about diabetes because Andrews is one of his best friends on the team. He knows what the numbers mean and often looks at them when Andrews checks the readings on his phone.

"A lot of people dont even notice it because he does such a good job of managing and going out there and doing his job, Boyle said.

During the hot and humid training camp practices, Andrews never asks for a day off and battles linebackers and defensive backs like its a playoff game. He fights for contested passes over the middle and leaps for throws in the end zone.

But the sweat and grass stains still don't cover up the chip thats been on Andrews shoulder since he slipped to the third round of the 2018 draft.

"I know just going through the combine process and all that, Im sure theres teams and people that saw me and said, 'Oh, hes a Type 1 diabetic. Thats negative, Andrews said. "I dont think that, I know that.

It didnt take the Ravens long to know they had landed a special talent. Two days into Andrews' first offseason camp, then-tight ends coach Greg Roman told everyone in a meeting Andrews has a great feel for the game and natural instincts. Andrews knew how to set up defenders and get open consistently.

By the start of the regular season, Andrews had moved past first-round pick Hayden Hurst on the depth chart. By the end of it, he had already established himself as the favorite receiver for Lamar Jackson.

Andrews has now recorded three consecutive seasons with at least 50 receptions, 700 receiving yards and five touchdowns catches. Only the Kansas City Chiefs' Travis Kelce owns a longer such streak by a tight end with five season.

We have high expectations for Mark, said Roman, who is now the Ravens' offensive coordinator. "He does for himself, and thats where it all starts.

A week before this years opener, Baltimore rewarded Andrews with a four-year, $56 million extension. At $14 million per season, Andrews is the third-highest-paid tight end in the league, trailing the San Francisco 49ers' George Kittle ($15 million per season) and Kelce ($14.3 million).

The Ravens couldnt let Jacksons most trusted target reach free agency. Whenever Jackson needs to make a play downfield, it seems like hes looking to Andrews. Andrews' acrobatic catch in the end zone was the difference in the Ravens 16-10 victory over the Cleveland Browns on Sunday night. Andrews has now caught 187 passes from Jackson, 29 more than any other Ravens player.

He makes my job way easier, Jackson said. If a defensive back is guarding him, a safety, linebacker, it doesnt really matter hes going to get open and hes going to catch a touchdown nine times out of 10.

For Andrews, hes not just playing for the Ravens. Hes playing to inspire others.

"Theres a lot of people breaking that mold and showing people that we can do anything and we can be just like anybody else. We just have to do more than the average person, Andrews said. Thats one of the things that drives me is going out there and showing people that hey, Im a Type 1 diabetic, but Im going to go out and compete with the rest of them."

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Are you in the pre-diabetes stage? Know the blood sugar range and symptoms – Times Now

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

Also known as borderline diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, one needs to know when their blood sugar levels are normal and when they are in the pre-diabetic or diabetic range.  |  Photo Credit: iStock Images

New Delhi: Diabetes, be it type-1 or type-2, is becoming increasingly common in our world where life is all about seeking convenience. In our diet, workout routines, work-life, or education what we seek is ease and a way out to get the job done without having to put in too much effort. Amidst this, our diet goes for a toss and in turn affects the health resulting in chronic diseases in the long run diabetes being the most common one. However, whats worse is ignorance overlooking the telltale signs of a serious health crisis. For diabetes patients, the alarm rings first when one enters the pre-diabetes stage.

What is the pre-diabetes range?

Pre-diabetes refers to a state wherein the blood sugar levels are higher than normal, yet not high enough to be diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. In this stage, a person can make lifestyle changes like switching to a low-carb diet and working out regularly to manage the state and return to a healthy being.

Also known as borderline diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, one needs to know when their blood sugar levels are normal and when they are in the pre-diabetic or diabetic range:

In an interaction with Times Now Digital, Dr Aditya S Chowti, Senior Consultant of Internal Medicine at Fortis Hospital spoke about the causes of pre-diabetes and diabetes and how it needs to be managed timely.

We all know that diabetes is an exploding disease and is catching up amongst even the younger age group. We see these as a consequence of poor lifestyle, lack of physical activities, and other factors in the younger age groups. Unhealthy eating habits like untimely meals, intake of high-calorie food, carbonated beverages, and high intake of trans-fat content food are factors that can tip the patient to the edge of diabetes mellitus. They also pre-dispose to other metabolic diseases such as hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels. The consequence is obesity, which again helps develop these diseases and ultimately gives the patient cardiac problems, he explained.

Therefore, for metabolic diseases, the younger generation (from childhood) must be very careful about the childrens diet and make sure they have some form of physical activity. Also, childhood obesity is a significant problem we are facing nowadays. It pre-disposes to the metabolic conditions that we have been discussing. We must be aware that these conditions can be prevented, as we all know prevention is better than cure. Exercise and diet are the two mainstream preventive strategies and must be taken seriously, Dr Chowti concluded.

Are there any symptoms of pre-diabetes?

Sadly, borderline diabetes has no symptoms in most patients. Some of the signs, however, may clash with diabetes symptoms like:

Disclaimer: Tips and suggestions mentioned in the article are for general information purpose only and should not be construed as professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a dietician before starting any fitness programme or making any changes to your diet.

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Diabetes care and COVID-19 – KARK

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

Posted: Dec 6, 2021 / 10:00 AM CST / Updated: Dec 2, 2021 / 09:42 AM CST

(Baptist Health) Many people put off healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemicincluding care for diabetes. Among adults under 30 with diabetes, nearly 9 in 10 delayed care during the pandemic, according to theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). More than 60% of people ages 30 to 59 with diabetes did the same.

If you have diabetes, you probably know that managing your condition is important for your long-term health. But in the era of COVID-19, diabetes care is more important than ever. People with diabetes are more likely to have serious complications from COVID-19. According to theAmerican Diabetes Association, controlling your condition may lower that risk.

If you delayed diabetes care during the pandemic, getting back on track doesnt have to be stressful. Start with these four steps, based on advice from CDC.

Keep up with daily care.Eating well and getting exercise every week can help keep diabetes in check. And make sure to take any medications your doctor has prescribed.

Schedule regular checkups.See your doctor at least once every six months. If youve been finding it harder to manage your diabetes during the pandemic, go every three months. Get a checkup for your mouth too: See your dentist at least once a year.

Catch up on tests.Make sure you have an A1C test at least every six months. And ask your doctor what other tests you may need. These may include eye or foot exams, a cholesterol check, or a kidney test.

Get vaccinated.The COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Theyre the best way to avoid serious illness from COVID-19. If youre already vaccinated,get your booster shot.

Take charge of your health

Staying on top of diabetes care can help you stay well during the pandemic and in the yearsand decadesto come. Get more help to live well with diabetes in ourDiabetestopic center.

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Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome formulation as a biotherapeutic to inhibit growth of drug resistant triple negative breast cancer |…

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

One of the major hurdles in cancer therapy is the lack of appropriate treatments that would annihilate the cancer cells to increase the survival of patients. Thus, combinations of various chemicals were used based on the overall molecular phenotype of the type of cancer cells. Therefore, any new strategy that would help in the treatment of any aggressive form of cancer will be welcoming. One such aggressive form of cancer is TNBCs. Current treatment option for treating TNBCs cantered around paclitaxel6,7 and neo-adjuvant therapy8,9. Over a decade, it is becoming clear that stem cell conditioned medium containing secretome may be a good therapeutic in treating cancer35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45. Thus, we here show the functional and biochemical characterization of MSC secretome and its effectiveness in inducing apoptosis in TNBC cells.

Though previous studies had characterised and identified proteins52,53,54 in the secretome, we have prepared the stem cell secretome in a GMP compliant55 FDA approved stem cell media and quantified all the major biomolecules in the freeze dried powder (Fig.1). On the same note, lipid spectral characteristics seen in Fig.1h is indicative of anti-cancerous nature as suggested by Brossa et al.56. Mineral components profiled in Fig.1 could be the crystalline particles seen in control (Fig.1a) and flakes could be formed from protein (growth factor supplements in the chemically defined medium of stem cells) FESEM image (Fig.1a) and (carbohydrate) glucose quantified in Fig.1f. Ca, P and Fe are essential elements constituted as inorganic nutrient supplements in such media. Fe is a key element in cancer cell metabolism and Ca and P are thought to play a beneficial role in cancer. These minerals present in secretome and not present in the form of crystals on flakes in Fig.1b could be due to the presence of metallo-proteins in secretome. Protein and RNA are major components in freeze dried secretome and could be forming the needle like structures in Fig.1b. Exosomes57 present in the secretome could not be definitively identified in control, Fig.1a.

Although stem cell secretome was prepared by many by conditioning stem cells in a growth medium for a specific time35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,52,53,54, the process if not controlled52 and balanced with respect to incubation conditions could lead to nutrient deprivation resulting in cell death or growth arrest35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45. As a result, contradicting results have been reported46,47,48,49,50 and could be attributed to the variability in preparation and processing methods. Thus, to address this issue, we designed our first experiment to address the issue of whether the anti-cancer effects reported35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45 was the outcome of using stem cell conditioned media that is deprived of nutrients or due to the secretome. Towards this, freeze dried secretome were supplemented with nutrients in chemically defined media of TNBCs (CDM). The media alone significantly increased population of cancer stem cells (CD44+/CD24 phenotype) in TNBCs (Fig 2a) likely due to the presence of insulin, hydrocortisone and epidermal growth factor that are known to contribute to colony formation characteristic feature of cancer stem cells51. However, the same markers were substantially decreased when the same media contained secretome (Fig. 2g). For the first time, we show a dose dependent cytotoxic effect of SF which is similar to the anti-cancer effect of secretome reported previously35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45. At 20 mg/ml, the effect on cancer cell death was 50% (Fig. 2b). However, at higher concentrations of SF significant cancer cell death could be observed (Fig. 2c) up to 80%.

It is clear from Fig.2e with different amounts of lyophilized powder of the chemically defined media of MSCs added to the chemical defined media of TNBCs without exposure to MSC cells (secretome free) that the cell viability shown in Fig.2e was not affected compared to control. This suggested there was no effect of changes in the salt concentrations in the chemically defined medium affecting cellular homeostasis. Further, SF dose dependent decrease in cell viability (Fig.2c) corresponded with in Fig.2f showing cellular apoptosis, which suggested that decreased cell viability observed, is indeed due to the result of apoptosis. Since the cell line we used belonged to mesenchymal stem like and mesenchymal like category (MDA-MB-231) among the six different TNBCs due to heterogeneity, we checked for stemness markers CD44+/CD24 and MDR1+4,5 (multi drug resistance protein 1), and also PDL1+6,58 (Programmed Death Ligand 1) as these population of cells can be potentially harmful with respect to invasion and aggressiveness. To our surprise, the percentage of total CD44+/CD24, MDR1+ and PD-L1+ TNBCs following treatment with SF was brought down dramatically (Fig.2g) suggesting the significance of secretome medium in the removal of these aggressive phenotypes from the TNBC population. To further verify our findings we checked the effect of SF on xenograft models of TNBCs.

Tumor microenvironment is known to play a critical role in the response to therapy59 and hence to confirm the anti-cancer potential, tumor spheroids were treated with SF. Results in Fig.3a and supplementary Fig.S2B showed that IC50 value of SF in 3D culture was 32.57mg/ml three times of the IC50 value in 2D culture shown in Fig.2c and Supplementary Fig.S2A, the latter being only 10.54mg/ml SF. Thus there was found evidence indicating greater resistance of spheroids to secretome formulation treatment. It was interesting to note that 50mg/ml SF in 3D culture (Fig.3a) that had similar effect to 20mg/ml SF in 2D (Fig.2c) signifying a difference in response associated with more stem like characteristics59 and metabolic deregulation60.

SF was administered into the tumor for 21 consecutive days in the light of treatment duration previously reported by others10,11,12,41. Thus, the calculated equivalent dose corresponding to once a day intra-tumor administration of 10X secretome is found to be 200mg/ml41. Thus, we treated tumor with 50 and 100mg/ml SF led to undetectable TNBCs from 1mm3 tumor stroma (Fig.3b). As shown in Fig.3b, c, significant suppression of overall tumor growth and CD44+/CD24, MDR1+3,4,5 and PD-L1+6,58 cell types that are involved in stemness and invasion was observed indicating the significance of SF in effectively controlling TNBC growth. Indeed, eradication of these populations has immense value in developing therapies for cancer as cancer stem cells very much drive tumorigenesis, metastasis and therapeutic resistance3,4,5,6,7. The histopathology data of Fig.3d clearly showed necrotic tumor patches with murine cells in the vicinity that developed after SF in vivo treatment.

Figure4a shows that there was no significant difference between 1nM and 100M compared to the reported 100% effective concentration of 10nM61. This is evidence of paclitaxel resistance. Interestingly, the extent of reduction of CD44+/CD24 breast cancer stem cells, multi drug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) expressing cells were far less than that due to SF seen in Fig.2g. It is to be noted that many reports indicate the use of taxane based therapies for TNBC type9 to overcome the drug resistance mechanisms associated with these cell types3,9. Thus, we compared the effect of paclitaxel with SF by treating TNBCs with SF and paclitaxel near to its IC50 value and beyond singly or in combination (Fig.4). Although, at the IC50 value of paclitaxel we observed significant cell death, a significant population of TNBCs were resistant to paclitaxel and that SF medium alone at 70mg induced significantly more death of TNBCs than paclitaxel (Fig.4ac).

It has been reported that tumor micro environment plays significant role in determining the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel3,59. Thus, we verified the effect of SF and paclitaxel in a 3D environment to find its influence on the observed cell death. Using the developed 3D cultures of TNBC (Fig.5), we found similar pattern of cell death as observed in our 2D and in vivo studies confirming the effect and significance of SF medium in inducing cell death. Nonetheless, Figs. 4c and 5 confirms prospective use of SF 70mg/ml in combination with lower doses of paclitaxel. This clearly demonstrate that a combination of MSC secretome with lower doses of paclitaxel can be used to minimise toxic side effects of using higher doses of paclitaxel as previously reported62 in the treatment of highly chemo resistant TNBCs in clinics.

All the results discussed in Figs.1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 suggest the prospective therapeutic potential of SF for clinical management of highly chemo resistant cancer types. Perhaps SF formulation could also favour efficacy of paclitaxel at lower dose which is otherwise highly neuro-toxic when administered at higher doses62. It would be interesting to fractionate or separate each of the biomolecule in Fig.1 to further study the contribution of them towards the anti-cancer effects discussed. In conclusion our study clearly illustrates that SF is effective in suppressing tumor growth and inducing TNBC cell apoptosis in a manner efficient than paclitaxel. Importantly, cells with PDL1+, CD44+/CD24, MDR1+ phenotypes that are potentially harmful with respect to invasion and aggressiveness could significantly be eliminated from TNBC population. Moreover, combination of SF with paclitaxel could be used to reduce the toxic effect of paclitaxel and add value to the finding. In addition, targeting the genes associated with cancer progression and survival following SF treatment could improve the treatment outcome. Further in-depth gene expression studies are required to apprehend the detailed molecular path ways associated with apoptotic mechanisms that are responsible for the anti-cancer potential of stem cell secretome. Protein and RNA characterisation of the secretome would also help to identify molecules responsible for nucleic acid degradation seen in spheroids and mechanisms involved in immune cell infiltration into tumor stroma. Based on our results, we envisage the potential of SF in combination therapies for the treatment of aggressive forms of TNBC.

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Good Stocks To Invest In Right Now? 4 Health Care Stocks To Check Out – FW Business

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

4 Top Health Care Stocks Worth Watching Now

Health care stocks have and continue to make headway in the stock market now amidst the current pandemic. From firms directly dealing with the global coronavirus outbreak to day-to-day health care providers, investors have plenty of options. For starters, investors appear to be reacting positively to the latest findings on the Omicron variant. While this may just be preliminary data, the variant appears to be more tamed in terms of severity than initially expected. Even so, some of the biggest names in the health care industry are already looking for solutions.

In fact, GlaxoSmithKline (NYSE: GSK) and Vir Biotechnology (NASDAQ: VIR) provided a crucial update on this front earlier today. Namely, data suggests that their coronavirus vaccine, sotrovimab, retains effectiveness against the Omicron variant. On top of that, the duo also notes that the drug is also effective against all other variants of concern defined to date by the WHO. At the same time, there seems to be no shortage of newcomers in the industry as well. As of today, Alvotech, an Iceland-based biopharma firm, is now looking to go public via a $2.25 billion SPAC deal. With all that said, could one of these health care stocks be worth watching in the stock market today?

Best Health Care Stocks For Your December 2021 Watchlist

Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc.

First up, we have Acadia Pharmaceuticals, a biotech company with more than 25 years of experience in the industry. It has been at the forefront of health care, bringing vital solutions to people who need them most. Also, the company has developed and commercialized the first and only approved therapy for hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinsons disease psychosis. Specifically, its late-stage development efforts are focused on dementia-related psychosis, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and Rett syndrome. ACAD stock currently trades at $21.42 as of 2:26 p.m. ET and is up by over 10% on todays opening bell so far.

Investors are likely responding to news that the company posted yesterday. Diving in, Acadia announced positive top-line results from its pivotal Phase 3 Lavender study. The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of trofinetide in 187 girls and young women aged 5-20 years with Rett syndrome. The 12-week placebo-controlled study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement over placebo for both co-primary endpoints. Given this piece of information, will you consider watching ACAD stock right now?

Novavax Inc.

Novavax is a health care company that develops vaccines to counter serious infectious diseases. Through the discovery and commercialization of innovative vaccines, the company has developed experimental vaccines to combat Covid, seasonal influenza, RSV, Ebola, MERS, and SARS. Its NanoFlu vaccine, for instance, is a quadrivalent influenza nanoparticle vaccine that has met all primary objectives in its Phase 3 clinical trial in older results. NVAX stock currently trades at $179.82 as of 2:26 p.m. ET and is up by over 26% on todays opening bell.

On Tuesday, the head of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) says that it could soon approve the Covid vaccine developed by Novavax. Earlier in the month, the company also announced a statement for its Omicron variant response. It is conducting ongoing studies to evaluate multiple variants and is encouraged by its current and ongoing data. The company will also begin testing whether antibodies from previously vaccinated individuals can neutralize the Omicron variant, with lab-based data expected in the coming weeks. With the excitement surrounding Novavax, is NVAX stock worth adding to your portfolio right now?

Cellectis SA

Following that, we have Cellectis, a biopharmaceutical company that develops genome-edited chimeric antigen receptor T-cell technologies as a form of cancer immunotherapy. In essence, it is pioneering the concept of off-the-shelf and ready-to-use gene-edited CAR T-cells to treat cancer patients. It also has a platform to achieve therapeutic gene editing in hemopoietic stem cells for various genetic disorders. CLLS stock currently trades $9.43 as of 2:27 p.m. ET.

Last month, it expanded a collaboration with Cytovia Therapeutics of TALEN gene-edited iPSC-derived (induced pluripotent stem cells) Natural Killer and Chimeric Antigen Receptor Natural Killer cells to include new CAR target and development in China. We are pleased to expand the collaboration with Cellectis to enable Cytovia to develop iNK products that will leverage the high-precision of TALEN to perform gene-editing to minimize the risk of off-target effects and unlock the full potential of NK cells as a first line of defense against cancer, says Cytovia CEO Dr. Daniel Teper. All things considered, is CLLS stock worth buying today?

Intellia Therapeutics Inc.

Another name to consider in the health care world now would be Intellia Therapeutics. For the most part, Intellia is a leading clinical-stage genome editing company. Through its groundbreaking work with CRISPR/Cas9 tech, the company aims to develop gene-editing therapies. The likes of which Intellia conducts tests on via two key approaches. Firstly, its in vivo program employs CRISPR treatments that are injected directly into patient bloodstreams. Secondly, Intellias ex vivo efforts involve the use of CRISPR to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases via engineered cells. Technical details aside, investors appear to be keen on NTLA stock now.

Evidently, the companys shares currently trade at $119.74 as of 2:27 p.m. ET. This would be after gaining by over 110% year-to-date. Regardless, Intellia does not seem to have plans to slow down anytime soon. As of late November, the company revealed plans to expand its ongoing Phase 1 study NTLA-2001. Through this expansion, Intellia will be opening up enrollment into the trials for NTLA-2001 to adults with Transthyretin Amyloidosis with Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). CEO Dr. John Leonard notes that ATTR is a chronic, fatal disease that impacts vital organ function. Could all this make NTLA stock worth keeping an eye on for you?

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All at-risk TN-bound travellers test Covid negative – The New Indian Express

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

Express News Service

CHENNAI:Tamil Nadu on Wednesday tested 88 samples and 50 random samples for Covid-19 from international air travellers who arrived from at-risk countries. All the samples collected tested negative, said a senior Health Department official. The procedures were put in place following the Union Health Ministry issuing guidelines on international arrivals, in the wake of the Omicron variant alert from WHO.

In case if any sample is tested positive, the State will send it for genome sequencing at the State Public Health Laboratory (SPHL) in the DMS campus or the Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (InStem) in Bengaluru to confirm the virus variant.

After the emergence of the Omicron variant, the State has also designated 12 government RT-PCR labs to use Thermo Taqpath RT-PCR kits for detecting three target genes in the virus, including the S gene, which would inturn help detect whether its the Omicron variant. It is reported that one of the S gene target is not detected in the Omicron variant due to its mutations.

Speaking to TNIE, Deepak Jacob, MD of Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation said the State has over 3.25 lakh Thermo Taqpath kits, and that there is no dearth in its supply. Director of Public Health Dr TS Selvavinayagam, in a video message on Wednesday, said the State has activated a surveillance mechanism after the WHOs alert. He said nodal officers have been appointed at all international airports, and that passengers from 12 countries including China, Hong Kong, United Kingdom and Singapore will be screened and tested.

The State is also sending samples taken from Covid clusters such as those reported in schools for genome sequencing so that the virulence and transmissibility of any new variant in circulation is known, Selvavinayagam added. Reinfection cases; post-vaccination infections; vaccine breakthrough infections; community cluster; unusual transmission events; family clusters; children positive for Covid-19; young adults with severe lung involvement, unexpected disease presentation, and Covid-19 patients with no comorbidities are also put under scanner for genome sequencing. A Health Department official said it will take a maximum of seven days for genome sequencing the samples, and each test would cost nearly Rs 4,000.

Variant of concern

A look at how the State is preparing to identify cases with the Omicron variant of Covid

Any sample with S gene dropout or S gene target failure from government or private RT-PCR labs should be referred to State Public Health Laboratory (SPHL) for sequencing confirmation of Omicron variant

A sudden increasein S gene target failures may be indicative of circulation of Omicron variant. However, confirmation by sequencing is recommended

Thermo Taqpath kits recommended in government labs for detecting three target genes

Institutes with approval for using Thermo Taqpath kitsState Public Health Laboratory, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Madras Medical College, Kilpauk Medical College, Stanley Medical College,Coimbatore Medical College, ESI Medical College, Trichy Medical College, Salem Medical College, Madurai Medical College, Tuticorin Medical College and Kanyakumari Medical College

Source: Directorate of Public Health

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Pandemic lockdown declined emotional well-being for adults with hearing, vision loss: Study – ETHealthworld.com

December 8th, 2021 1:52 am

Seattle (Representational image), December 7 (ANI): A recent study has found that the lockdown during the pandemic caused mental and emotional issues amongst adults who had sensory impairment.

Peggy Nelson, of the University of Minnesota, outlined the impacts in her presentation at the '181st Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America'.

Nelson and her team surveyed three groups of older adults from the Twin Cities community: people with vision loss, people with hearing loss, and people without either condition. They asked the participants about their worries, well-being, and social isolation at six-week intervals from April 2020 to July 2021. The period corresponded to strict lockdowns in Minnesota, with some restrictions easing toward the end of the study.

"People with low vision were really hit hard," said Nelson.

"Their whole mobility systems are built around public transportation and being around other people," Nelson added.

Masks made conversations especially difficult for adults with hearing loss, leading them to prefer virtual options for health care visits, among other scenarios. However, the overall quieter environment during stay-at-home orders may have compensated for some of the negative effects.

While Moore said that the changes brought by the pandemic often led to a loss of independence for impaired adults, some solutions may be within reach.

"We'll hopefully find a new hybrid world," she said.

"People with low vision can be close to other people as needed, and people with hearing loss can have remote access to clear communication when masks would prevent that," she concluded. (ANI)

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Scientists identify 2nd HIV patient whose body rid itself of virus – National Herald

November 21st, 2021 1:47 am

In most people, new viral particles are constantly made from this reservoir. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) can prevent the new viruses from being made but cannot eliminate the reservoir, necessitating daily treatment to suppress the virus.

Some people, known as elite controllers, have immune systems that are able to suppress HIV without the need for medication. Though they still have viral reservoirs that can produce more HIV virus, a type of immune cell called a killer T-cell keeps the virus suppressed without the need for medication.

Yu explained that the new findings may suggest a specific killer T-cell response common to both patients driving this response, with the possibility that other people with HIV have also achieved a sterilising cure.

If the immune mechanisms underlying this response can be understood by researchers, they may be able to develop treatments that teach others' immune systems to mimic these responses in cases of HIV infection.

"We are now looking toward the possibility of inducing this kind of immunity in persons on ART through vaccination, with the goal of educating their immune systems to be able to control the virus without ART," Yu said.

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