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Autologous Stem Cell and Non-Stem Cell Based Therapies Market (2012-2017) (Neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, cancer …

November 1st, 2012 4:51 pm

NEW YORK, Nov. 1, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Autologous Stem Cell and Non-Stem Cell Based Therapies Market (2012-2017) (Neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, cancer & autoimmune, skin and infectious diseases)

http://www.reportlinker.com/p01022392/Autologous-Stem-Cell-and-Non-Stem-Cell-Based-Therapies-Market-2012-2017-Neurodegenerative-cardiovascular-cancer--autoimmune-skin-and-infectious-diseases.html#utm_source=prnewswire&utm_medium=pr&utm_campaign=Biological_Therapy

Autologous cell therapies are new therapeutic intervention where it introduces or uses cells or tissues from the individual, cultured, expanded and re-introduced at the site of the disease of the donor. They are widely promoted as next pillar or advancement in medical care.

Growth of the market is very rapid especially in regulatory approvals, applications areas and rapid improvements in efficacy of treatment; it has enormous advantages over allogenic stem cell therapies. Autologous transplants are relatively safe procedures, with less rates of complications and infections compared with allogenic transplants. In many instances, much of the procedure can be done on an outpatient basis. It helps in treating various dreadful diseases by transplanting their own body cells where it results in meager chances of transplant rejection.

We have also profiled leading players of this industry with their recent developments and other strategic industry activities. These include: Neostem (U.S.), Tengion (U.S.), Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics (U.S.), Dendreon Corporation (U.S.), Georgia Health Sciences University (U.S.), Regenexx (U.S.), Regeneus (Australia), Cytori Therapeutics (U.S.), Tigenix (Belgium).

Scope of the Report

This research report titled "Autologous Cell Therapy (2012-2017)" provides details about various ACT based treatments and their application areas. Every health regulatory bodies will be expecting companies and universities to develop therapy treatments, which are safer, affordable, robust, rapid, easy to use, effective and deliverable to the end user. ACT treatments for particular application areas it is safe, experiencing robust growth, minimal steps of procedure to follow and rapid in deriving the results. As for now the treatments prices are not affordable, but by the intrusion of government bodies, it will definitely experience a immense market growth.

The report gives a detailed analysis about state of the art of autologous cell therapies. It includes the current advances and applications of the technology and trends in terms of market size and growth of autologous cellular therapies in medical treatments globally. It also consists of funding details of the innovative therapy and recent activities in terms of mergers & acquisitions of the company, revenue forecasting. It includes latest therapy details and products which are available for licensing and approvals from various regulatory bodies. Using drivers, restraints and challenges it is forecasted for a period of five years i.e. 2012-2017. Opportunity strategy evaluation has been included which gives information for investors.

Autologous Cell Therapy technology is changing the medicinal treatments by introducing various new therapies. Its scope is vast and promising for the future despite challenges.

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Autologous Stem Cell and Non-Stem Cell Based Therapies Market (2012-2017) (Neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, cancer ...

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A first: Stem cell therapy cures HIV patient in Germany

November 1st, 2012 4:51 pm

By Philip C. Tubeza Philippine Daily Inquirer

Stem cell therapy might provide a remedy for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) after it was used on an HIV patient in Germany, the first person known to have been cured of the disease, a Department of Health (DOH) official said Tuesday.

Dr. Gerald Belimac, program manager of the DOH National AIDS/Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention and Control Program, said American Timothy R. Brown, the so-called Berlin Patient who had been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, was cured after getting stem cells in 2007 from a donor who was genetically resistant to the virus that caused AIDS.

However, he said that this procedure was very complex and was still under study.

It takes the right person, the right recipient, the right donor, for a stem cell transplantation particularly on HIV to be successful, Belimac said.

If it comes from other donors, there is really a high chance that the recipient would reject it, she added.

Brown was infected with HIV in 1995 and was later diagnosed with leukemia, or cancer of the blood.

He underwent a transplant of stem cells for the leukemia and it turned out that those stem cells had genes that were resistant to HIV, Belimac said.

Medical research has shown that almost 5 percent of Caucasians are genetically resistant to HIV, he said, but there are still no studies showing Filipinos having similar genes.

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Stem cell therapy for muscle, sports injury alternative to surgery

November 1st, 2012 4:51 pm

By Erika Sauler Philippine Daily Inquirer

MANILA, Philippines This type of stem cell therapy does not claim to be the fountain of youth, but an alternative treatment to arthritis, muscle pain and tendon tear.

Two Filipino doctors who trained in the United States said in a media forum on Sunday that autologous stem cell therapy could speed up the healing of musculoskeletal and sports-related injuries, which could be an optional remedy before undergoing surgery.

Dr. Jeimylo de Castro explained that the procedure would involve taking stem cells from the patients blood, fat tissue or bone marrow and injecting them to the injured area of the same person. This type of therapy is different from the controversial embryonic stem cells which are harvested from animals or fertilized eggs.

With stem cell therapy being a current fad for anti-aging, the Department of Health has warned the public that the benefits of stem cell therapy are still under evaluation. The DOH will soon issue guidelines for the use of stem cell therapy and the licensing of facilities offering this service.

De Castro and Dr. Franklin Domingo are both fellows of the Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine. They underwent training for stem cell therapy under Dr. Joseph Purita of the Institute of Regenerative and Molecular Orthopaedics, and Dr. Sherwin Kevy of Harvards Immune Disease Institute.

If you have arthritis and you take anti-inflammatory drugs, you will not feel the pain so you will move around and further damage the cartilage. Whereas stem cells will regenerate tissues and ease the pain, making the damaged cells become young again, De Castro said.

Domingo likened the stem cells to high school students who have no career yet and could be trained to be professionals in a field where they are needed. So if the stem cells are injected into an injured knee, they will develop into tissues that hasten the recovery of the area.

According to Domingo, stem cell therapy is not for everybody and is not a quick-fix solution because it uses the bodys natural ability to heal.

Patients who have cancer and infection are not allowed to undergo stem cell therapy, and so are those under the influence of alcohol or who have taken blood-thinning medicine like Coumadin at the time of extraction.

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Stem cell therapy a cure-all? Not so fast

November 1st, 2012 4:51 pm

MANILA, Philippines Its supposed to cure various illnesses such as cancer, spinal cord injury and Parkinsons disease. Is stem cell therapy the cure-all that it is touted to be?

Health Undersecretary Teodoro Herbosa said it is important to note that stem cell treatments are still at the experimental stage.

"The advisory is very clear. This is still an investigative form of therapy. Anecdotal reports are not enough evidence to say there is treatment, he said in an interview on ANC's Talkback with Tina Palma.

He said there are only two standard stem cell therapies considered effective and acceptable to the medical community.

"To date, I can only name two cases that are considered standard therapy. That is bone marrow transplantation--one for severe cancer, blood cancer and the other one is bone marrow transplantation after chemotherapy for any type of cancer, he said.

Herbosa said the Department of Health cannot confirm yet if stem cell treatment is indeed effective against certain diseases.

Dr. Tranquilino Elicao Jr., an oncologist who availed of the treatment in April in Frankfurt, Germany, said stem cell therapy cured his high blood pressure, sugar, cholesterol and uric acid.

He had 12 injections of cells, which came from lambs.

After a month, I had my blood tests. Everything went down to normal, Elicao said.

Elicao also said he is not taking medication anymore because he has regained his health.

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Stem cell face lift: Does it work?

November 1st, 2012 4:51 pm

Doctors and researchers have long said that stem cell therapy has the potential to change the face of human disease. But what if stem cells could be used to reverse the aging process as well?

Plastic surgeons say they can use stem cells to make women look years younger without the pain of an invasive surgery.

"I lost weight, loss of volume in face, I looked gaunt and I said, so I said, 'okay what do we do to fix this?'" said Sarah, a patient.

The fix for this was a stem-cell face lift. Dr. Steve Szczerba of Chicago Aesthetic Surgery Institute recommended that Sarah undergo a procedure, where he'd use her own adult stem cells to turn back the clock.

"A stem cell facelift is rejuvenating the face using grafted fat. Grafted fat has stem cells in it," Dr. Szczerba explains.

Grafted fat is transferred fat. Dr. Szczerba typically gets it from the patient's abdomen or inner thigh during liposuction.

"During that process of liposuction, we save the fat and take the fat and prepare it for grafting by removing the fluid. And the stem cells along with other grafted fat cells are injected into the face," says Dr. Szczerba.

He says it's not simply a fat transfer. Dr. Szcerba believes the stem cells, which are specialized cells that self renew, are actually working to make collagen and rejuvenate the skin.

"You can actually see the surface of the skin change," says the doctor. "Similar to that a chemical peel or a laser peel accomplishes in order to see change in your cheek area."

Click for more from My Fox Chicago.

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Athletes Increase Performance

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Athletes Increase Performance Recovery with Adult Stem Cell Nutrition
All Athletes need more stem cells to repair their body.. Athlete-Nutrition.ejmorris.biz .. increase performance, focus and recovery with more adult stem cells .. All athletes including High School athletes, College ,Pro and Olympic athletes should investigate adult stem cell options, including patented stem cell nutrition in capsules, tablets, and powders. Adult Stem Cell Nutrition is Not a drug, but an all natural AFA Extract proprietary blend "Super Food" that is considered, by many coaches and athletes, as the best nutrition to enhance athletic performance, and repair and renew the body. See the adult stem cell science and studies involving athletes here.. Morris.stemsport.comFrom:EJ MorrisViews:5 0ratingsTime:05:44More inScience Technology

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LUMINESCE – Breakthrough Anti-Aging Skin Care Serum With Stem Cells From Jeunesse – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


LUMINESCE - Breakthrough Anti-Aging Skin Care Serum With Stem Cells From Jeunesse
Discover the breakthrough secret of younger, beautiful-looking skin. Jeunesse offers exclusively the anti-again skin care line to the stars, now available at the Anti-Aging Skin Care Shoppe in the US. antiagingskincareshoppe.com Rejuvenate your skin today. Start moisturizing today. Look better and feel better today. The skincare component of YES , LUMINESCE trade; super-charges the production of young, fresh skin cells. Infused with a potent growth factor complex derived from natural adult stem cells, the LUMINESCE trade; family of products rejuvenates skin cells at a molecular level. New cell growth is an essential part of life mdash;it #39;s how we grow from child to adult. But as we age and our growing decelerates, so does the production of new cells. At the same time, our body #39;s cells themselves age and their functions begin to slow. When it comes to your skin, this can lead to a dull, sagging complexion on the outside and cells that can #39;t efficiently accept nutrients and remove toxins on the inside. Part of YES The Jeunesse Youth Enhancement System uses DNA repair and antioxidant ingredients to improve cell performance and longevity. Our patent-pending Stem Cell Innovation helps generate new, vital skin cells in the first place. The science of stem cells Dr. Nathan Newman, a world-renowned dermatologist and cosmetic surgeon, began searching for a topical treatment to help patients recovering from burns and severe injuries. Knowing that stem cells drive cell growth and regeneration, he ...From:Scarlett Johnson RoseViews:6 1ratingsTime:01:05More inPeople Blogs

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[91VOA]Cancer Stem Cells Capture Attention of Scientists – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


[91VOA]Cancer Stem Cells Capture Attention of Scientists
English language lessons from the audio and transcript of the Voice of America. VOA Special English helps you learn English with lesson plans, grammar lessons, news and activities.From:91VOAChannelViews:0 0ratingsTime:04:18More inEducation

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International Academy of Cardiology: Dinender K. Singla, MD: STEM CELLS FOR CARDIAC REGENERATION – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


International Academy of Cardiology: Dinender K. Singla, MD: STEM CELLS FOR CARDIAC REGENERATION
STEM CELLS FOR CARDIAC REGENERATION IN THE DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC HEART Dinender K. Singla, MD, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA Presented at the: International Academy of Cardiology 17th World Congress on Heart Disease Annual Scientific Sessions 2012 Toronto, ON, Canada July 27-30, 2012 Congress Chairman: Asher Kimchi, MD http://www.CardiologyOnline.com Cardiology Online To read more about this presentation click here to download the Word file http://www.cardiologyonline.comFrom:cardiologyonlineViews:0 0ratingsTime:01:19More inScience Technology

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Hometown Heroes: Local saves leukemia patient’s life – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Hometown Heroes: Local saves leukemia patient #39;s life
She didn #39;t know her name or where she lived, but Sonya Kelly didn #39;t hesitate when the call came from the National Marrow Donor Program requesting that she donate stem cells to save a leukemia patient #39;s life. On September 11, 2012 Kelly accepted the request, and traveled to the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson where she underwent the six hour procedure to donate her stem cells. Kelly says it #39;s something she thinks anyone would do. "I still don #39;t know her name for confidentiality reasons, but I do know that since I was born healthy I have a responsibility to help someone in need if I can, " said Kelly. Kelly is also donates blood regularly, and is a registered a organ donor. The Hattiesburg native registered online to be a donor in 2008, but didn #39;t hear back from the donor program until 2012.From:MsReporter77Views:1 1ratingsTime:01:54More inNews Politics

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Cecelia fights generalized hypoxia with her MS – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Cecelia fights generalized hypoxia with her MS
After the FDA ruling that her own banked stem cells taken from her fat tissue are a "biological drug" and her expected stem cell treatment to repair her circulation and relieve her pain has been halted, Cecelia Johnson tries to update on her condition.From:Cecelia JohnsonViews:20 3ratingsTime:06:27More inPeople Blogs

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Evan Snyder – Stem Cell Research : The Teenage Years – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Evan Snyder - Stem Cell Research : The Teenage Years
thesciencenetwork.org Evan Snyder surveys the history of stem cell research into its current "teenage" years, in which the answers are less easy and clean cut. Scientists understand much about stem cells functioning as the building blocks of the body and maintaining balance, but there is a lot yet to discover including mechanisms of diseases in order to target stem cell therapies. Dr. Synder also describes his path to science and medicine, driven at a young age to take care of kids after working a center for disadvantaged and disabled children. Evan Snyder is regarded as one of the fathers of the stem cell field, having identified over two decades ago that cells that came to be called stem cells were a source of neural plasticity. He was the first to demonstrate that non-hematopoietic stem cells could mediate cell and gene replacement, home to injury, and perform protective, trophic, pro-regenerative, and anti-inflammatory actions. He was the first to isolate human neural stem cells. In 2003, after 23 years at Harvard, Dr. Snyder was recruited to Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute as professor and director of the Stem Cells and Regenerative Biology program.From:TheScienceFoundationViews:99 8ratingsTime:54:11More inScience Technology

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Dr. Alex Meissner — Advances in Stem Cell Research – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Dr. Alex Meissner -- Advances in Stem Cell Research
Learn more at http://www.invitrogen.com Dr. Alex Meissner, Assistant Professor at the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology at Harvard University, discusses how next generation sequencing has revolutionized the way we look at stem cells and perform stem cell research. Dr. Meissner talks about the challenges of interpreting genome wide data to provide stem cells with the right cues for efficient proliferation and differentiation and how the resulting cell models can be used to improve compound screening and cell therapy research applications.From:LifeTechnologiesCorpViews:0 0ratingsTime:02:56More inEducation

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell – Wiki Article – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Mesenchymal Stem Cell - Wiki Article
Mesenchymal stem cells, or MSCs, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including: osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), and adipocytes... Mesenchymal Stem Cell - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived from Wikipedia using Creative Commons License: en.wikipedia.org Author: Robert M. Hunt Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, Licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License., GNU Free Documentation License, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: C.mahapatra Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, Creative Commons License Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported This work is in the public domain in the United States.From:WikiPlaysViews:0 0ratingsTime:12:10More inEducation

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What are, and how we use, Stem Cells – JEUNESSE GLOBAL TRUTH – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


What are, and how we use, Stem Cells - JEUNESSE GLOBAL TRUTH
JOIN THE NUMBER 1 TEAM in Jeunesse Global - We are the fastest growing team worldwide and provide you with the tools, unmatched support and invest our time with you to ensure your success. WHY WAIT this is happening with or without you. IF YOU HAVE EVER WANTED TO PARTNER WITH INDUSTRY LEADERS AND TOP INCOME EARNERS TO LEVERAGE YOURSELF TO MASSIVE RESIDUAL INCOME AND WEALTH. Contact: UltimateFreedomTeam@gmail.com and we will help you make it to the top in record time.From:Greg AtkinsViews:0 0ratingsTime:02:16More inScience Technology

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Dr,Douglas Willen about GLYCO/ health / disease / cancer / tumor / stem cells – Video

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am


Dr,Douglas Willen about GLYCO/ health / disease / cancer / tumor / stem cells
From:Glyco MannatechViews:0 0ratingsTime:01:17More inNonprofits Activism

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How to make stem cells – nuclear reprogramming moves a step forward

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am

The idea of taking a mature cell and removing its identity (nuclear reprogramming) so that it can then become any kind of cell, holds great promise for repairing damaged tissue or replacing bone marrow after chemotherapy.

Hot on the heels of his recent Nobel prize Dr John B. Gurdon has published in BioMed Central's open access journal Epigenetics and Chromatin research showing that histone H3.3 deposited by the histone-interacting protein HIRA is a key step in reverting nuclei to a pluripotent type, capable of being any one of many cell types.

All of an individual's cells have the same DNA, yet these cells become programmed, as the organism matures, into different types such as heart, or lung or brain.

To achieve this different genes are more or less permanently switched off in each cell lineage. As an embryo grows, after a certain number of divisions, it is no longer possible for cells which have gone down the pathway to become something else.

For example heart cells cannot be converted into lung tissue, and muscle cells cannot form bone.

One way to reprogram DNA is to transfer the nucleus of a mature cell into an unfertilized egg. Proteins and other factors inside the egg alter the DNA switching some genes on and other off until it resembles the DNA of a pluripotent cell. However there seem to be some difficulties with this method in completely wiping the cell's 'memory'.

One of the mechanisms regulating the activation of genes is chromatin and in particular histones. DNA is wrapped around histones and alteration in how the DNA is wound changes which genes are available to the cell.

In order to understand how nuclear reprogramming works Dr Gurdon's team transplanted a mouse nucleus into a frog oocyte (Xenopus laevis). They added fluorescently tagged histones by microinjection, so that they could see where in the cell and nucleus the these histones collected.

Prof Gurdon explained, "Using real-time microscopy it became apparent that from 10 hours onwards H3.3 (the histone involved with active genes) expressed in the oocyte became incorporated into the transplanted nucleus.

When we looked in detail at the gene Oct4, which is known to be involved in making cells pluripotent, we found that H3.3 was incorporated into Oct4, and that this coincided with the onset of transcription from the gene." Prof Gurdon's team also found that Hira, a protein required to incorporate H3.3 into chromatin, was also required for nuclear reprogramming.

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Stem Cells Behind ‘Adrenaline Rush’ Could Offer Hope for Chronic Pain Sufferers

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am

Deep within the medulla of the adrenal glands, microscopic chromaffin cells release the two hormones adrenaline and enkephalin to give that rush of energy when we are frightened or that second wind brought on by heavy exercise. According to a study published in STEM CELLS Translational Medicine, a research team in Europe discovered a way to obtain these cells from adult humans and then isolate and force them to become neurons in the lab, bringing researchers one step closer to finding new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and chronic pain.

Durham, NC (PRWEB) October 29, 2012

Monika Ehrhart-Bornstein, Ph.D., of Dresden University of Technologys Center for Regenerative Therapies (Germany), was a lead investigator on the team. Chromaffin progenitor cells seem to be a promising cell source due to the potential use in autologous transplantations, which avoids the possibility of immune rejection, she explained. Our team had recently described how we isolated chromaffin progenitor cells from the adrenal glands of cows and then treated them so that they differentiated into functional neurons. In this subsequent study, we wanted to learn whether these cells could also be obtained from adult human adrenal glands and then forced to differentiate into neurons, as a prerequisite for future use in transplantation trials.

Dr. Ehrhart-Bornstein collaborated with Dr. Claudia Cavadas, professor at the Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal, in leading the team of researchers from both universities on the study. They adapted their bovine study method to obtain and isolate the human cells and then treated them with growth factor. When they examined the cells six days later, they had indeed differentiated into neuron-like cells.

This study both proves the existence of chromaffin progenitor cells in the human adrenal medulla and demonstrates that they can be isolated, Cavadas said. These cells may open new perspectives and challenges in the field of regenerative medicine, especially regarding their potential use in the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuroendocrine diseases.

Dr. Ehrhart-Bornstein added, While protocols need to be established to entirely remove other cell types from progenitor cultures for their therapeutic use, the potential of these progenitor cells to acquire both neuronal and chromaffin cell phenotypes is unquestionable, making them an interesting new cell source for cell-based therapies. The isolation and characterization of these valuable cells from human adrenals is the first step toward their potential future use in transplantation therapies.

These cells are not only an interesting source for cell therapy, said Anthony Atala, M.D., Editor of STEM CELLS Translational Medicine and director of the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, they may contribute to a better understanding of adrenal disease and dysfunction.

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The full article, Isolation, characterization and differentiation of progenitor cells from human adult adrenal medulla, can be accessed at http://www.stemcellstm.com/content.

About STEM CELLS Translational Medicine: STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (SCTM), published by AlphaMed Press, is a monthly peer-reviewed publication dedicated to significantly advancing the clinical utilization of stem cell molecular and cellular biology. By bridging stem cell research and clinical trials, SCTM will help move applications of these critical investigations closer to accepted best practices.

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Stem Cells Behind ‘Adrenaline Rush’ Could Offer Hope for Chronic Pain Sufferers

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Breakthrough: Cartilage Developed from Cells

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am

Researchers have created adult cartilage from stem cells found in mice. The discovery could lead to new treatments for osteoarthritis and cartilage injury.

The finding is especially important because cartilage does not regenerate itself.

Experts at Duke University created the cartilage from adult cells that have been genetically altered to be structurally similar to embryonic stem cells. The technique of developing those cells, known as induced pluripotent stem cells iIPSCs), was originated by Shimya Yamanaka of Kyoto University. It won this years Nobel Prize for medicine.

The Duke researchers built on that technique to create the cartilage.

What this research shows in a mouse model is the ability to create an unlimited supply of stem cells that can turn into any type of tissue, senior author Farshid Guilak said in a news release. iPSCs can be used to make high quality cartilage, either for replacement tissue or as a way to study disease and potential treatment.

Further studies, this time on humans, are needed, he said.

The findings were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Breakthrough: Cartilage Developed from Cells

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Cartilage grown in lab dishes using stem cells

November 1st, 2012 10:04 am

Washington, October 30 (ANI)

Duke Medicine researchers have engineered cartilage from induced pluripotent stem cells that were successfully grown and sorted for use in tissue repair and studies into cartilage injury and osteoarthritis.

The finding suggests that induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPSCs, may be a viable source of patient-specific articular cartilage tissue.

"This technique of creating induced pluripotent stem cells - an achievement honoured with this year's Nobel Prize in medicine for Shimya Yamanaka of Kyoto University - is a way to take adult stem cells and convert them so they have the properties of embryonic stem cells," said Farshid Guilak, PhD, Laszlo Ormandy Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Duke and senior author of the study.

"Adult stems cells are limited in what they can do, and embryonic stem cells have ethical issues. What this research shows in a mouse model is the ability to create an unlimited supply of stem cells that can turn into any type of tissue - in this case cartilage, which has no ability to regenerate by itself," Guilak noted.

Articular cartilage is the shock absorber tissue in joints that makes it possible to walk, climb stairs, jump and perform daily activities without pain. But ordinary wear-and-tear or an injury can diminish its effectiveness and progress to osteoarthritis.

Because articular cartilage has a poor capacity for repair, damage and osteoarthritis are leading causes of impairment in older people and often requires joint replacement.

In their study, the Duke researchers, led by Brian O. Diekman, PhD., a post-doctoral associate in orthopaedic surgery, aimed to apply recent technologies that have made iPSCs a promising alternative to other tissue engineering techniques, which use adult stem cells derived from the bone marrow or fat tissue.

One challenge the researchers sought to overcome was developing a uniformly differentiated population of chondrocytes, cells that produce collagen and maintain cartilage, while culling other types of cells that the powerful iPSCs could form.

To achieve that, the researchers induced chondrocyte differentiation in iPSCs derived from adult mouse fibroblasts by treating cultures with a growth medium. They also tailored the cells to express green fluorescent protein only when the cells successfully became chondrocytes. As the iPSCs differentiated, the chondrocyte cells that glowed with the green fluorescent protein were easily identified and sorted from the undesired cells.

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