StemCell Therapy

The Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease is providing care for patients with endocrine diseasesincluding, but not exclusive to diabetes throughout the city by unifying protocols, programs, and treatments in the newly created Mount Sinai Health System to serve our community with endocrine disorders through outreach, education, and innovative community based programs.

We provide the highest quality care to our patients, and are at the forefront of cutting-edge research on endocrine diseases and diabetes. We training future leaders and innovators in the field of endocrinology through a world class fellowship program and are developing innovative quality improvement programs to achieve the highest quality standards in diabetes and endocrine patient care.

Below are the Fellowships for the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease

Researchersin the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease are identifying new treatments.

Created to prevent and manage complications associated with diabetes and to help patients take control of their health to live well and thrive

Helping patients to live healthier and fuller lives

Created to find cures and to develop treatment strategies

Helping patients to live healthy lives

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Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease | Icahn School of Medicine

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San Diego Office Address: 6699 Alvarado Road, Ste 2100 San Diego, CA 92120 Family Practice: 619-229-3909 Fax 619-582-1497 Physical Therapy: 619-229-3910 Office Hours: Monday through Friday,8:00 a.m.to 12:00 p.m.; 1:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Telephone Hours: ...

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San Diego Sports Medicine and Family Health Center (SDSMFHC) is committed to the principle of equal employment opportunity for all employees and to providing employees with a work environment free ...

San Diego Sports Medicine and Family Health center started in 1980 with a vision to not only give excellent quality medical care, but to also allow our patients to achieve optimum health and fitness. Health is much more than just absence of disease.Our goal is to not only treat diseases, manage injuries, but to also educate our patients on how to realize their true potential. We have a wide variety of services, as well as board certified, award winning physicians to accomplish this goal.

We are a highly competent medical team specializing in family practice and sports medicine dedicated to improving the quality of human life and to helping our patients realize their fullest potential through the maximum development and integration of body, mind and spirit.

Dig deep into that inexhaustible well of grit, guts and determination. Ken Chlouber, Leadville Trail 100 MTB Founder

Hey all, Dr. Jeff Anthony here in Toronto at the 2015 Parapan Am games. The Parapan Am games are held every four years following the Pan American Games. The Pan ...

Management of Concussions in high school age kids in California has significantly changed since January of 2015. Participation in concussion management programs is important for all kids younger than 19 ...

Every now and then I take a step back to look at how many wonderful opportunities there are. Each time I go to an event I learn something new about ...

An interview by San Diego Physicians.org looking back on the state of the Affordable Care Act from the perspective of a practicing physician. Affordable Care Act A One Year Checkup_February 2015

Our Beginnings In 1980, our founding father, E. Lee Rice, DO, started the Sports Medicine Center with the vision to provide a place where individuals could receive quality medical ...

Our Philosophy at the San Diego Sports Medicine and Family Health Center is to provide the San Diego Community with exceptional medical expertise and unparalleled personal care in both Family Medicine and Sports Medicine.

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SDSM - San Diego Sports Medicine and Family Health Center

The orthopaedic surgeons at the University of Chicago Medicine offer state-of-the-art sports medicine for all ages and skill levels from young competitors to weekend athletes to professional players. We offer non-surgical, surgical and rehabilitative options designed to return patients to their full ability and level of play.

Our experts focus on injuries to the knee, shoulder, hip, elbow and ankle. In most cases, we can offer our patients non-operative treatments. For those patients who do require surgery, we take a minimally invasive approach using arthroscopic techniques, which allow for:

Orthopaedic specialists work on a multidisciplinary team that includes primary care sports medicine specialists, physiatrists and physical therapists.

The most common problems treated by our sports medicine team are:

Sports Medicine Team Aravind Athiviraham, MD Holly J. Benjamin, MD (non-surgical in children and adolescents) Sherwin S.W. Ho, MD Richard W. Kang, MD Lewis L. Shi, MD (elbow and shoulder) Ryan Hudson, MD

UCH_034188 (11)

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Sports Medicine - The University of Chicago Medicine

February is National Heart Month: Stay Heart Smart!

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. Every year, 1 in 4 deaths are caused by heart disease. The good news? Heart disease can often be prevented when people make healthy choices and manage their health conditions. Communities, health professionals, and families can work together to create opportunities for people to make healthier choices. Make a difference in your community: Spread the word about strategies for preventing heart disease and encourage people to live heart healthy lives. For more information on how your school can promote healthy living and national heart month, the links below may be of interest. Play Smart! Play Hard!

On November 20, 2015, Governor Rauner signed into law SB 219, which delays implementation of the Youth Sports Concussion Safety Act (SB 07) for IHSA member schools until the 2016-17 school year. The IHSA will continue to make information available regarding implementation to member schools, and ISBE will also provide resources over the coming months. As a reminder, information regarding Return to Play and Return to Learn can be found here.

Heat Acclimatization Brochure Available

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Sports Medicine | Resources | IHSA

From skiers to skateboarders, goalies to gardeners, we give people convenient access to expert care, leading-edge techniques and the same patient-centered approach you expect throughout UW Medicine. Our sports medicine providers will diagnose and treat your injury with comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. After a complete and thorough evaluation from our sports medicine experts, your treatment plan may include one or more of the following services:

The integrated way we manage your care helps you recover more quickly and remain healthy. Theres always an open line of communication between you and your care team making communication more efficient and treatment more effective.

Treating your injury is just one component of helping you meet your health and fitness goals. We also help people improve their performance and prevent future injury. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing, commonly known as exercise stress testing or CPET, helps sports medicine specialists optimize an athletes performance or evaluate symptoms affecting performance. Our injury prevention and performance training services educate you on how to protect yourself so as to remain healthy and perform at your highest level. Our bike fitting services tailor your bicycles fit to your unique movement patterns so as to ensure your safety and comfort.

So whether youve been suffering from a musculoskeletal injury or simply want to keep up with the kids, we can connect you with effective, multidisciplinary care that will help you accomplish your goals. We have the expertise, equipment and technology to maximize your performance and relieve your pain so that you can return to your favorite activities and avoid injury.

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Sports Medicine | UW Medicine

You live a full life, and that can lead to injury, whether you are a recreational athlete, an active senior, or a parent on the go. Anyone can sprain an ankle, dislocate their shoulder, or suffer an ACL tear

Maine Medical Partners Orthopedics & Sports Medicine understands that every move counts. As the expert source for individualized attention to sports injuries, we connect our experience with advanced medical technology and supportive care to return you to your busy life - quickly.

Working together, our team of physicians, advanced providers, athletic trainers, and support staff are committed to providing high quality sports medicine care to patients of all ages. From concussion management and soft tissue injections, to surgical treatment of knee, hip, and other joint injuries, Maine Medical Partners Orthopedics & Sports Medicine is the most experienced team in the state.

Chosen for over 20 years by the U.S. Olympic Ski Team for their orthopedic needs, Dr. F. Lincoln Avery leads our sports medicine program. Learn more about him here.

Link:
Sports Medicine - Maine Medical Partners

Stem and Progenitor Cell-Based Therapy of the Central Nervous System: Hopes, Hype, and Wishful Thinking Goldman, SA Cell Stem Cell 2016-02-04 17.05 | Feb 8 Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Renal Transplantation: Opportunities and Challenges Casiraghi, F; Perico, N; Cortinovis, M; Remuzzi, G Nat Rev Nephrol 2016-02-08 17.05 | Feb 8 Manufacturing of AcMNPV Baculovirus Vectors to Enable Gene Therapy Trials Kwang, TW; Zeng, X; Wang, S Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2016-01-27 17.04 | Feb 1 Targeted Approaches to Induce Immune Tolerance for Pompe Disease Therapy Doerfler, PA; Nayak, S; Corti, M; Morel, L; Herzog, RW; Byrne, BJ Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2016-01-27 17.04 | Feb 1 Hurdles to the Introduction of New Therapies for Immune-Mediated Kidney Diseases Anders, HJ; Jayne, DRW; Rovin, BH Nat Rev Immunol 2016-01-25 17.03 | Jan 25 Megakaryocyte and Megakaryocyte Precursor Related Gene Therapies Wilcox, DA Blood 2016-01-19 17.03 | Jan 25 Gene Therapy Approaches against Cancer Using In Vivo and Ex Vivo Gene Transfer of Interleukin-12 Hernandez-Alcoceba, R; Poutou, J; Ballesteros-Briones, MC; Smerdou, C Immunotherapy 2016/01/20 17.03 | Jan 25 Biology and Applications of CRISPR Systems: Harnessing Natures Toolbox for Genome Engineering Wright, AV; Nunez, JK; Doudna, JA Cell 2016-01-14 17.02 | Jan 18 Genome Editing Technologies for Gene and Cell Therapy Maeder, ML; Gersbach, CA Mol Ther 2016-01-12 17.02 | Jan 18 Deciphering CD137 (4-1bb) Signaling in T-Cell Costimulation for Translation into Successful Cancer Immunotherapy Sanchez-Paulete, AR; Labiano, S; Rodriguez-Ruiz, ME; Azpilikueta, A; Etxeberria, I; Bolaos, E; Lang, V; Rodriguez, M; Aznar, MA; Jure-Kunkel, M; Melero, I Eur J Immunol 2016-01-15 17.02 | Jan 18 Current Status of Treating Neurodegenerative Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Pen, AE; Jensen, UB Acta Neurol Scand 2016-01-08 17.01 | Dec 11 Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: Is There a Future? Dhakal, B; Vesole, DH; Hari, PN Bone Marrow Transplant 2016-01-04 17.01 | Dec 11 Stem Cell-Based Therapies to Promote Angiogenesis in Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease Hou, L; Kim, JJ; Woo, YJ; Huang, NF Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015-12-18 17.00 | Jan 4 Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: Is There a Future? Dhakal, B; Vesole, DH; Hari, PN Bone Marrow Transplant 2016-01-04 17.00 | Jan 4 Preclinical Modeling of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Advantages and Limitations Stolfi, JL; Pai, CS; Murphy, WJ FEBS J 2015-12-07 16.46 | Dec 14 Strategies for Improving the Efficacy of Donor Lymphocyte Infusion following Stem Cell Transplantation Stamouli, M; Gkirkas, K; Tsirigotis, P Immunotherapy 2015-12-07 16.46 | Dec 14 Interneuron Transplantation as a Treatment for Epilepsy Hunt, RF; Baraban, SC Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015-12-01 16.45 | Dec 7 Humanized Mouse Models for Transplant Immunology Kenney, LL; Shultz, LD; Greiner, DL; Brehm, MA Am J Transplant 2015-11-20 16.44 | Nov 30 Gene Therapy for Cancer: Regulatory Considerations for Approval Husain, SR; Han, J; Au, P; Shannon, K; Puri, RK Cancer Gene Ther 2015-11-20 16.43 | Nov 23 New Approaches to Biological Pacemakers: Links to Sinoatrial Node Development Vedantham, V Trends Mol Med 2015-11-19 16.43 | Nov 23 Inflammation in Tissue Engineering: The Janus between Engraftment and Rejection Annunziata, C; Alessandra, C; Attila, T; Susanne, M; Teodori, L Eur J Immunol 2015-11-12 16.42 | Nov 16 Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma: Stem Cell Transplantation Methods that Enhance Stemness Tobita, M; Tajima, S; Mizuno, H Stem Cell Res Ther 2015-11-05 16.41 | Nov 9 Novel Immunotherapies in Lymphoid Malignancies Batlevi, CL; Renier, EM; Brentjens, RJ; Younes, A Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2015-11-03 16.41 | Nov 9 Skeletal Stem Cells and Their Contribution to Skeletal Fragility: Senescence and Rejuvenation Aldahmash, A Biogerontology 2015-10-28 16.40 | Nov 2 CRISPR/Cas9: Molecular Tool for Gene Therapy to Target Genome and Epigenome in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Sachdeva, M; Sachdeva, N; Pal, M; Gupta, N; Khan, IA; Majumdar, M; Tiwari, A Cancer Gene Ther 2015/10/23 16.39 | Oct 26 Gene Therapy Returns to Center Stage Naldini, L Nature 2015/10/14 16.38 | Oct 19 Stem Cell Microenvironment on a Chip: Current Technologies for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Biology Park, D; Lim, J; Park, JY; Lee, SH Stem Cells Transl Med 2015-10-08 16.38 | Oct 19 Improving Cell-Based Therapies by Nanomodification Chen, W; Fu, L; Chen, X J Control Release 2015-09-27 16.37 | Oct 5 Potential of GABA-ergic Cell Therapy for Schizophrenia, Neuropathic Pain, and Alzheimers and Parkinsons Diseases Shetty, AK; Bates, A Brain Res 2015-09-27 16.37 | Oct 5 Engineering Cell Fate for Tissue Regeneration by In Vivo Transdifferentiation de Lzaro, I; Kostarelos, K Stem Cell Rev 2015-09-24 16.36 | Sep 28 siRNA Versus miRNA as Therapeutics for Gene Silencing Lam, JKW; Chow, MYT; Zhang, Y; Leung, SWS Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2015-09-15 16.35 | Sep 21 Cellular Engineering and Therapy in Combination with Cord Blood Allografting in Pediatric Recipients Cairo, MS; Tarek, N; Lee, DA; Delaney, C Bone Marrow Transplant 2015-09-14 16.35 | Sep 21 Lentivirus Technologies for Modulation of the Immune System Houghton, BC; Booth, C; Thrasher, AJ Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015-09-10 16.34 | Sep 14 Cancer Gene Therapy with T Cell Receptors and Chimeric Antigen Receptors Stauss, HJ; Morris, EC; Abken, H Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015-09-04 16.34 | Sep 14 Alphavirus Vectors as Tools in Neuroscience and Gene Therapy Lundstrom, K Virus Res 2015-08-22 16.33 | Aug 31 Virus-Specific T Cell Therapy in Solid Organ Transplantation Roemhild, A; Reinke, P Transpl Int 2015-08-18 16.32 | Aug 24 Integrative Utilization of Microenvironments, Biomaterials and Computational Techniques for Advanced Tissue Engineering Shamloo, A; Mohammadaliha, N; Mohseni, M J Biotechnol 2015-08-14 16.32 | Aug 24 Controlled Release Strategies for Modulating Immune Responses to Promote Tissue Regeneration Dumont, CM; Park, J; Shea, LD J Control Release 2015-08-08 16.31 | Aug 17 Coming to TERMs with Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in the Lung Prakash, YS; Tschumperlin, DJ; Stenmark, KR Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015-08-07 16.31 | Aug 17 Preventing Stem Cell Transplantation-Associated Viral Infections Using T-Cell Therapy Tzannou, I; Leen, AM Immunotherapy 2015-08-07 16.31 | Aug 17 Advanced Imaging Approaches for Regenerative Medicine: Emerging Technologies for Monitoring Stem Cell Fate In Vitro and In Vivo Kupfer, ME; Ogle, BM Biotechnol J 2015-07-30 16.30 | Aug 10 Cell Therapy for Parkinson S Disease: Functional Role of the Host Immune Response on Survival and Differentiation of Dopaminergic Neuroblasts Wenker, SD; Celeste, Leal, M; Isabel, Farias, M; Zeng, X; Pitossi, FJ Brain Res 2015-07-31 16.30 | Aug 10 Adoptive T-Cell Therapy for Cancer: The Era of Engineered T Cells Bonini, C; Mondino, A Eur J Immunol 2015-07-22 16.29 | Jul 27 Prospects of Neurotrophic Factors for Parkinsons Disease: Comparison of Protein and Gene Therapy Domanskyi, A; Saarma, M; Airavaara, M Hum Gene Ther 2015-07-15 16.28 | Jul 20 Modified mRNA as an Alternative to Plasmid DNA (pDNA) for Transcript Replacement and Vaccination Therapy Youn, H; Chung, JK Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015-06-30 16.27 | Jul 13 Scaffolds and Tissue Regeneration: An Overview of the Functional Properties of Selected Organic Tissues Rebelo, MA; Alves, TF; de, Lima, R; Oliveira, JM, Jr; Vila, MM; Balcao, VM; Severino, P; Chaud, MV J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015-07-07 16.27 | Jul 13 Recent Therapeutic Approaches for Spinal Cord Injury Raspa, A; Pugliese, R; Maleki, M; Gelain, F Biotechnol Bioeng 2015-07-01 16.26 | Jul 6 IL-12 and IL-23 Cytokines: From Discovery to Targeted Therapies for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Teng, MWL; Bowman, EP; McElwee, JJ; Smyth, MJ; Casanova, JL; Cooper, AM; Cua, DJ Nat Med 2015-06-29 16.25 | Jun 29 Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Bernardo, ME; Fibbe, WE Immunol Lett 2015-06-24 16.25 | Jun 29 Cell Therapy in Muscular Dystrophies: Many Promises in Mice and Dogs, Few Facts in Patients Skuk, D; Tremblay, JP Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015-06-16 16.24 | Jun 22 Cell Therapy for Immunosuppression after Kidney Transplantation Morath, C; Schmitt, A; Zeier, M; Schmitt, M; Sandra-Petrescu, F; Opelz, G; Terness, P; Schaier, M; Kleist, C Langenbecks Arch Surg 2015-06-17 16.24 | Jun 22 Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Urinary Bladder and Small Intestine and How to Apply Them in Tissue Engineering Jerman, UD; Kreft, ME; Veranic, P Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2015-06-12 16.23 | Jun 15 Advancement of the Subchondral Bone Plate in Translational Models of Osteochondral Repair Implications for Tissue Engineering Approaches Orth, P; Madry, H Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2015-06-12 16.23 | Jun 15 T-Cell and Natural Killer Cell Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Enhancing The Graft-versus-Leukemia Effect Cruz, CR; Bollard, CM Haematologica 2015-06-02 15.22 | Jun 8 Overview of Hydrogel-Based Strategies for Application in Cardiac Tissue Regeneration Sun, X; Nunes, SS Biomed Mater 2015-06-04 15.22 | Jun 8 RNA Interference Approaches for Treatment of HIV-1 Infection Bobbin, ML; Burnett, JC; Rossi, JJ Genome Med 2015-05-28 16.21 | Jun 1 Two-Photon Polymerization Microfabrication of Hydrogels: An Advanced 3D Printing Technology for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Xing, JF; Zheng, ML; Duan, XM Chem Soc Rev 2015-05-20 16.20 | May 25 Spinal Muscular Atrophy-Recent Therapeutic Advances for an Old Challenge Faravelli, I; Nizzardo, M; Comi, GP; Corti, S Nat Rev Neurol 2015-05-19 16.20 | May 25 Autologous, Allogeneic, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell or a Combination Stem Cell Therapy? Where Are We Headed in Cartilage Repair and Why Vonk, LA; de, Windt, TS; Slaper-Cortenbach, IC; Saris, DB Stem Cell Res Ther 2015-05-15 16.19 | May 18 Neurogenetics and Gene Therapy for Reward Deficiency Syndrome: Are We Going to the Promised Land? Blum, K; Thanos, PK; Badgaiyan, RD; Febo, M; Oscar-Berman, M; Fratantonio, J; Demotrovics, Z; Gold, MS Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015-05-14 16.19 | May 18 Immune-Related Strategies Driving Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Real Clinical Opportunity Ravelli, A; Reuben, JM; Lanza, F; Anfossi, S; Cappelletti, MR; Zanotti, L; Gobbi, A; Milani, M; Spada, D; Pedrazzoli, P; Martino, M; Bottini, A; Generali, D Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015-04-30 16.18 | May 11 Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Hematology: From Laboratory to Clinic and Back Again De, Becker, A; Van, Riet, I Stem Cells Dev 2015-04-29 16.17 | May 4 Immune-Related Strategies Driving Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Real Clinical Opportunity Ravelli, A; Reuben, JM; Lanza, F; Anfossi, S; Cappelletti, MR; Zanotti, L; Gobbi, A; Milani, M; Spada, D; Pedrazzoli, P; Martino, M; Bottini, A; Generali, D Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015-04-30 16.17 | May 4 The Endometrium as a Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine Mutlu, L; Hufnagel, D; Taylor, HS Biol Reprod 2015-04-22 16.16 | Apr 27 Dental Stem Cells in Pulp Regeneration: Near Future or Long Road Ahead? Hilkens, P; Meschi, N; Lambrechts, P; Bronckaers, A; Lambrichts, I Stem Cells Dev 2015-04-14 16.15 | Apr 20 Immune Checkpoint Targeting in Cancer Therapy: Toward Combination Strategies with Curative Potential Sharma, P; Allison, JP Cell 2015-04-09 16.14 | Apr 13 Adoptive Cell Transfer as Personalized Immunotherapy for Human Cancer Rosenberg, SA; Restifo. NP Science 2015-04-03 16.13 | Apr 6 The Future of Immune Checkpoint Therapy Sharma, P; Allison, JP Science 2015-04-03 16.13 | Apr 6 Advances and Challenges in Immunotherapy for Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation McDonald-Hyman, C; Turka, LA; Blazar, BR Sci Transl Med 2015-03-25 16.12 | Mar 30 Advances in CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Engineering: Lessons Learned from RNA Interference Barrangou, R; Birmingham, A; Wiemann, S; Beijersbergen, RL; Hornung, V; Smith, AV Nucleic Acids Res 2015-03-23 16.12 | Mar 30 Bladder Recovery by Stem Cell Based Cell Therapy in the Bladder Dysfunction Induced by Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Kim, JH; Shim, SR; Doo, SW; Yang, WJ; Yoo, BW; Kim, JM; Ko, YM; Song, ES; Lim, IS; Lee, HJ; Song, YS PLoS One 2015-03-17 16.11 | Mar 23 Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Gene Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease Hammoudi, N; Ishikawa, K; Hajjar, RJ Curr Opin Cardiol 2015-03-16 16.11 | Mar 23 Gene Therapy of Inherited Retinal Degenerations: Prospects and Challenges Trapani, I; Banfi, S; Simonelli, F; Surace, E; Auricchio, A Hum Gene Ther 2015-03-11 16.10 | Mar 16 Beyond Consolidation: Auto-SCT and Immunotherapy for Plasma Cell Myeloma Lendvai, N; Cohen, AD; Cho, HJ Bone Marrow Transplant 2015-03-09 16.10 | Mar 16 In Vivo Reprogramming for Tissue Repair Heinrich, C; Spagnoli, FM; Berninger, B Nat Cell Biol 2015-02-27 16.09 | Mar 9 Aptamer Nanomedicine for Cancer Therapeutics: Barriers and Potential for Translation Lao, YH; Phua, KK; Leong, KW ACS Nano 2015-03-03 16.09 | Mar 9 Manufacture of Tumor- and Virus-Specific T Lymphocytes for Adoptive Cell Therapies Wang, X; Riviere, I Cancer Gene Ther 2015-02-27 16.08 | Mar 2 Gene Therapy for Radioprotection Everett, WH; Curiel, DT Cancer Gene Ther 2015-02-27 16.08 | Mar 2 B-Cell Activating Factor in the Pathophysiology of Multiple Myeloma: A Target for Therapy? Hengeveld, PJ; Kersten, MJ Blood Cancer J 2015-02-27 16.08 | Mar 2 Humanized Models of Tumor Immunology in the 21st Century: Convergence of cancer Research and Tissue Engineering Holzapfel, BM; Wagner, F; Thibaudeau, L; Levesque, JP; Hutmacher, DW Stem Cells 2015-02-19 16.07 | Feb 23 Translational Data from Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Gene Therapy of Hemophilia B in Dogs Nichols, TC; Whitford, MH; Arruda, VR; Stedman, HH; Kay, MA; High, KA Hum Gene Ther Clin Dev 2015-02-12 16.06 | Feb 16 New Strategies in Glioblastoma: Exploiting the New Biology Fine, HA Clin Cancer Res 2015-02-10 16.06 | Feb 16 Stem Cells for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Modeling and Therapy: Myth or Fact? Coatti, GC; Beccari, MS; Olvio, TR; Mitne-Neto, M; Okamoto, OK; Zatz, M Cytometry A 2015-02-02 16.05 | Feb 9 The Potential Use of Cell-Based Therapies in the Treatment of Oral Diseases Kagami, H Oral Dis 2015-02-04 16.05 | Feb 9 Adoptive Immunotherapy with the Use of Regulatory T Cells and Virus-Specific T Cells Derived from Cord Blood Hanley, PJ; Bollard, CM; Brunstein, CG Cytotherapy 2015-01-24 16.04 | Jan 26 Gene and Cell Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer Singh, HM; Ungerechts, G; Tsimberidou, AM Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015-01-13 16.03 | Jan 26 Preclinical and Clinical Evidence for Stem Cell Therapies as Treatment for Diabetic Wounds Heublein, H; Bader, A; Giri, S Drug Discov Today 2015-01-17 16.03 | Jan 26 Respiratory Tissue Engineering: Current Status and Opportunities for the Future OLeary, C; Gilbert, JL; ODea, S; OBrien, FJ; Cryan, SA Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2015-01-14 16.02 | Jan 19 Tailoring Bioengineered Scaffolds for Stem Cell Applications in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Cosson, S; Otte, EA; Hezaveh, H; Cooper-White, JJ Stem Cells Transl Med 2014-01-09 16.02 | Jan 19 Stromal Cells and Stem Cells in Clinical Bone Regeneration Grayson, WL; Bunnell, BA; Martin, E; Frazier, T; Hung, BP; Gimble, JM Nat Rev Endocrinol 2015-01-06 16.01 | Jan 12 Clinical Applications of Naturally Derived Biopolymer-Based Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine Stoppel, WL; Ghezzi, CE; McNamara, SL; Iii, LD; Kaplan, DL Ann Biomed Eng 2014-12-24 16.00 | Jan 5 Valproic Acid-Mediated Neuroprotection and Neurogenesis after Spinal Cord Injury: From Mechanism to Clinical Potential Chu, T; Zhou, H; Lu, L; Kong, X; Wang, T; Pan, B; Feng, S Regen Med 2014-12-08 15.49 | Dec 15 Rate-Programming of Nano-Particulate Delivery Systems for Smart Bioactive Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering Izadifar, M1; Haddadi, A; Chen, X; Kelly, ME Nanotechnology 2014-12-04 15.48 | Dec 8 The New Frontier of Genome Engineering with CRISPR-Cas9 Doudna, JA; Charpentier, E Science 2014-11-28 15.47 | Dec 1 Aerosol Gene Delivery using Viral Vectors and Cationic Carriers for In Vivo Lung Cancer Therapy Hong, SH; Park, SJ; Lee, S; Cho, CS; Cho, MH Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014-11-25 15.47 | Dec 1 Stem Cells and Muscle Diseases: Advances in Cell Therapy Strategies Negroni, E; Gidaro, T; Bigot, A; Butler-Browne, G; Mouly, V; Trollet, C Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2014-11-18 15.46 | Nov 24 Therapeutic Face of RNAi: In Vivo Challenges Borna, H; Imani, S; Iman, M; Azimzadeh Jamalkandi, S Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014-11-24 15.46 | Nov 24 Mesoangioblast and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Muscular Dystrophy: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions Berry, SE Stem Cells Transl Med 2014-11-12 15.45 | Nov 17 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy to Target Hematologic Malignancies Kenderian, SS; Ruella, M; Gill, S; Kalos, M Cancer Res 2014-11-04 15.44 | Nov 10 Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy: Beyond Immunity to Curability Simons, JW Cancer Immunol Res 2014-11-02 15.44 | Nov 10 EpsteinBarr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: Potential Opportunities for Immunotherapy Pender, MP; Burrows, SR Clin Transl Immunol 2014-10-31 15.43 | Nov 3 Synthetic Lethality and Cancer Therapy: Lessons Learned from the Development of PARP Inhibitors Lord, CJ; Tutt, AN; Ashworth, A Annu Rev Med 2014-10-17 15.42 | Oct 27 Optimizing Drug Therapy in Pediatric SCT: Focus on Pharmacokinetics McCune, JS; Jacobson, P; Wiseman, A; Militano, O Bone Marrow Transplant 2014-10-27 15.42 | Oct 27 The potential Role for Regulatory T-Cell Therapy in Vascularized Composite Allograft Transplantation Issa, F; Wood, KJ Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2014-10-20 15.42 | Oct 27 Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Therapy for Metastatic Brain Cancers Kaneko, Y; Tajiri, N; Staples, M; Reyes, S; Lozano, D; Sanberg, PR; Freeman, TB; van Loveren, H; Kim, SU; Borlongan, CV Cell Transplant 2014-10-10 15.41 | Oct 20 Gene Therapy for Inherited Muscle Diseases: Where Genetics Meets Rehabilitation Medicine Braun, R; Wang, Z; Mack, DL; Childers, MK Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2014-11-01 15.41 | Oct 20 Translational Research in Oncology10 Years of Progress and Future Prospects Doroshaw, JH; Kummar, S Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014-10-07 15.40 | Oct 13 Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiencies: The European Experience Cavazzana, M; Touzot, F; Moshous, D; Neven, B; Blanche, S; Fischer, A Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2014-10-10 15.40 | Oct 13 Gene Therapy for Autoimmune Disease Shu, SA; Wang, J; Tao, MH; Leung, PS Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2014-10-03 15.39 | Oct 6 Mechanism-Based Cancer Therapy: Resistance to Therapy, Therapy for Resistance Ramos, P; Bentires-Alj, M Oncogene 2014-09-29 15.39 | Oct 6 Biomimetic Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery in the Treatment of Leukemia Guoa, J; Cahillb, MR; McKennac, SL; ODriscoll, CM Biotech Adv 2014-09-16 15.38 | Sep 29 Biologic Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine: Mechanisms of In Vivo Remodeling Londono, R; Badylak, SF Ann Biomed Eng 2014-09-12 15.37 | Sep 22 Progress in Gene Therapy for Primary Immunodeficiencies Using Lentiviral Vectors Sauer, AV; Di Lorenzo, B; Carriglio, N; Aiuti, A Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2014-09-08 15.36 | Sep 15 Tissue-Engineering-Based Strategies for Regenerative Endodontics Albuquerque, MT; Valera, MC; Nakashima, M; Nr, JE; Bottino, MC J Dent Res 2014-09-08 15.36 | Sep 15 New Generation Dendritic Cell Vaccine for Immunotherapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Subklewe, M; 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Griffin, M; Elliman, S; Cahill, E; English, K; Ceredig, R; Ritter, T Stem Cells 2013-06-14 14.24 | Jun 24 Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Ischemic Kidney Disease Zhu, XY; Lerman, A; Lerman, L Stem Cells 2013-06-14 14.23 | Jun 17 Evidence for High Translational Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy to Improve Recovery from Ischemic Stroke Eckert, M; Vu, Q; Xie, K; Yu, J; Liao, W; Cramer, S; Zhao, W J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013-06-12 14.23 | Jun 17 The Role of Gene Therapy in Regenerative Surgery: Updated Insights Giatsidis, G; Venezia, ED; Basseto, F Plast Reconstr Surg 2013-06-01 14.21 | Jun 3 Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Vectors for Lung Cancer Therapy Kolluri, KK; Laurent, GB; Janes, SM Respiration 2013-05-23 14.21 | Jun 3 Immunotherapy: Adoptive Cell Therapy Simplified Kirk, R Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2013-05-21 14.20 | May 27 Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Critical Limb Ischemia Annex, BH Nat Rev Cardiol 2013-05-14 14.19 | May 20 Cell-Based Immunotherapy against Gliomas: From Bench to Bedside Bovenberg, MSS; Degeling, MH; Tannous, BA Mol Ther 2013-05-07 14.18 | May 13 Cellular Immunotherapy for Plasma Cell Myeloma Garfall, AL; Vogl, DT; Weiss, BM; Stadtmauer, EA Bone Marrow Transplant 2013-05-06 14.18 | May 13 Regulation of Stem Cell Therapies Under Attack in Europe: For Whom the Bell Tolls Bianco, P; Barker, R; Brstle, O; Cattaneo, E; Clevers, H; Daley, GQ; De Luca, M; Goldstein, L; Lindvall, O; Mummery, C; Robey, PG; Sattler de Sousa e Brito, C; Smith, A EMBO J 2013-05-03 14.17 | May 6 Progress in Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders Simonato, M; Bennett, J; Boulis, NM; Castro, MG; Fink, DJ; Goins, WF; Gray, SJ; Lowenstein, PR; Vandenberghe, LH; Wilson, TJ; Wolfe, JH; Glorioso, JC Nat Rev Neurol 2013-04-23 14.16 | Apr 29 Cell Therapy of Peripheral Arterial Disease: From Experimental Findings to Clinical Trials Raval, Z; Losordo, DW Circ Res 2013-04-26 14.16 | Apr 29 Immune Responses to AAV Vectors: Overcoming Barriers to Successful Gene Therapy Mingozzi, F; High, KA Blood 2013-04-17 14.15 | Apr 22 Smelling the Roses and Seeing the Light: Gene Therapy for Ciliopathies McIntyre, JC; Williams, CL; Martens, JR Trends Biotechnol 2013-04-17 14.15 | Apr 22 Molecular Imaging: The Key to Advancing Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy Chen, IY; Wu; JC Trends Cardiovasc Med 2013-04-03 14.14 | Apr 15 Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Revascularization in Peripheral Artery Disease Grochot-Przeczek, A; Dulak, J; Jozkowicz, A Gene 2013-04-05 14.14 | Apr 15 Cell-Based Therapeutics: The Next Pillar of Medicine Fischbach, MA; Bluestone, JA; Lim, WA Sci Transl Med 2013-04-03 14.13 | Apr 8 Advances in Stem Cell Therapy against Gliomas Bovenberg, MSS; Degeling, MH; Tannous, BA Trends Mol Med 2013-03-25 14.12 | Apr 1 The Rise of Cell Therapy Trials for Stroke: Review of Published and Registered Studies Rosado-de-Castro, PH; Pimentel-Coelho, PM; Barbosa da Fonseca, LM; Rodriguez de Freitas, G; Mendez-Otero, R Stem Cells Dev 2013-04-25 14.11 | Mar 25 Interaction between Natural Killer Cells and Regulatory T Cells: Perspectives for Immunotherapy Pedroza-Pacheco, I; Madrigal, A; Saudemont, A Cell Mol Immunol 2013-03-25 14.11 | Mar 25 Delivering RNAi Therapeutics with Non-Viral Technology: A Promising Strategy for Prostate Cancer? Guo, J; Evans, JC; ODriscoll, CM Trends Mol Med 2013-03-14 14.10 | Mar 18 Cortical Interneurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: Prospects for Neurological and Psychiatric Disease Arber, C; Li, M Front Cell Neurosci 2013-03-13 14.10 | Mar 18 From Bench to Bedside: Review of Gene and Cell-Based Therapies and the Slow Advancement into Phase III Clinical Trials, with a Focus on Aastroms Ixmyelocel-T Bartel, RL; Booth, E; Cramer, C; Ledford, K; Watling, S; Zeigler, F Stem Cell Rev 2013-03-01 14.09 | Mar11 The Innovative Evolution of Cancer Gene and Cellular Therapies Lam, P; Khan, G; Stripecke, R; Hui, KM; Kasahara, N; Peng, KW; Guinn, BA Cancer Gene Ther 2013-02-01 14.04 | Feb 4

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Reviews - Cell Therapy News

UofL Physicians-Endocrinology, formerly known as UniversityMedical Associates,provides sophisticated, cutting-edge diagnostic and therapeutic care for patients with a broad range of hormonal disorders in the Louisville, Southern Indiana and greater Kentucky areas. Our endocrinologists see patients from all over the United States, as far away as New York and Pennsylvania, with complicated endocrine disorders.

We treat endocrine diseases, including those of the pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal gland, testes and ovaries, as well as diabetes, hypoglycemia, dyslipidemia (high cholesterol) and disorders of calcium metabolism including osteoporosis.

UofL Physicians-Endocrinology is dedicated to advancing the care of patients with endocrine disorders and diabetes in the greater Louisville region.

Find an endocrinologist in Louisville by viewing the Our Physicians tab.

Our endocrine program directed by Endocrinology Chief Dr. Stephen J. Winters, treats patients with:

Our diabetes program, under the direction of Dr. Betty C. Villafuerte and Dr. Sathya S. Krishnasamy, provides comprehensive care for patients with:

Symptoms of diabetes include:

Symptoms of hypoglycemia (insulin shock) include:

About 27 million Americans live with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, non-injury lower-limb amputations and new cases of adult blindness in the United States. Hypoglycemia, or insulin shock, occurs when blood sugar is too low, and can be very dangerous. At UofL Physicians-Endocrinology, our goals are to provide outstanding clinical care for patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus; to educate patients, the public and members of the health care profession about diabetes; and to advance understanding of diabetes by conducting high-quality research.

We work closely with primary care providers and with other UofL Physicians who are skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic complications, to create a large, multidisciplinary network to provide optimal care. Our diabetes program includes training in carbohydrate counting, insulin self-management, and insulin pumps. Our physicians and certified diabetes educator (CDE) provide education and support on how to manage diabetes and prevent diabetes complications.

Low HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and high LDL (low-density lipoprotein) are associated with heart disease and stroke. Our practice can help you lower your LDL cholesterol, raise your HDL cholesterol and reduce triglycerides while minimizing adverse side effects.

The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it controls the complex function of most other endocrine glands and is located at the base of the brain. We offer a multidisciplinary approach to treating patients with pituitary and hypothalamic disorders including acromegaly, Cushings syndrome, prolactinoma, chromophobe or non-functioning adenomas and thyroptroph adenomas, and the many conditions that cause hypopituitarism, as well as diabetes insipidus and low sodium (SIADH).

The adrenal glands produce hormones responsible for the maintenance of metabolic processes, salt/ water regulation and the response to stress. These hormones are cortisol, aldosterone and epinephrine. Addisons disease, hypertension with low potassium and pheochromocytoma are among the endocrine disorders of the adrenal glands that we treat.

Our Metabolic Bone Disease Program provides care for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, Pagets disease, renal bone disease, disorders of vitamin D metabolism, male osteoporosis and transplantation-associated bone disease. We offer bone density testing for the diagnosis and follow-up of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. We work closely with our UofL Physicians endocrine surgeons to provide minimally invasive surgical treatment for parathyroid tumors. We also offer bone density testing for the diagnosis and follow-up of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases.

We provide comprehensive medical services for patients with reproductive endocrine problems, including menstrual cycle abnormalities, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), menopause, premature ovarian failure, male hypogonadism including late onset male hypogonadism and pubertal disorders.

Patients with thyroid disorders include those with hyper- and hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. Hyperthyroidism occurs when the body produces too much thyroid hormone causing symptoms including nervousness, heat intolerance and weight loss. In hypothyroidism, by contrast, the body produces too little thyroid hormone causing fatigue, cold intolerance, hair loss and weight gain, among other symptoms. At least 10 percent of women have hypothyroidism by the age of 50. We offer ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules including molecular testing, and we work with our Nuclear Medicine colleagues to use radioactive iodine (RAI) to scan or destroy thyroid cells that are overactive or malignant.

Our endocrinologists and nurse practitioner are highly trained specialists in endocrinology services and metabolic disorders in the Louisville area. They have received training at some of the finest institutions in the country, including the National Institutes of Health, Albert Einstein Medical Center and Emory University. They hold leadership positions in national organizations, including the Endocrine Society and the American Diabetes Association, and serve as consultants on NIH panels and on Veterans Affairs (VA) study sections.

As part of the UofL Physicians team, our endocrinologists frequently meet with other UofL Physicians specialists to evaluate and discuss our patients treatment. These specialists include ophthalmologists, nephrologists, radiologists and nuclear medicine specialists.

UofL Physicians-Endocrinology also maintains inpatient consultation services at Jewish Hospital, Norton Hospital, the Louisville Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Louisville Hospital. We do more than 200 initial inpatient consultations per year.

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Endocrinology in Louisville, KY | Louisville Physicians

Integrative medicine, sometimes referred to as holistic medicine or complementary medicine, combines conventional and alternative approaches to address the biological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of health and illness. Our services are available for both adults and children.

Beaumont's Integrative Medicine Program focuses on healing the whole person, with the goal of improving quality of life for patients, their families and others close to them.

We offer clinical massage, acupuncture, naturopathy, guided imagery, reflexology, energy balancing with Reiki, scar therapy, lymphatic wellness massage, Indian Head Massage, hydrotherapy, Cranial Sacral Therapy, neuromuscular therapy, meditation and yoga which combine the best of Eastern traditions while complimenting traditional Western medical practice.

The goal of any successful integrative medicine program is to truly "integrate" allopathic medicine with mind-body-spirit modalities with the ultimate goal of helping patients adapt to traditional medical treatments. Our modalities directly affect the body's physiological healing process while gently awakening the mind-body-spirit connection needed to enhance the healing process.

Beaumont is also one of only a few centers in the United States who offers oncology/hospital massage training. This graduate program, overseen by Beaumont's integrative medicine department is offered through Beaumont's School of Allied Health.

Patients, their caregivers and the hospital staff need both private and group programs therefore we have structured our offerings around their stated needs. Individual treatments (regardless of hospital affiliation) include:

Our Medical Director, Maureen Anderson M.D., is board certified by the American Board of Integrative and Holistic Medicine, with additional education in the functional medicine approach. Her primary training and board certifications are in emergency medicine and general pediatrics. Over the years, Dr. Anderson has cared for patients of every age, presenting with a whole constellation of symptoms and diseases.

The wisdom and experience gained during years as an emergency physician have afforded her a unique and broad perspective, which nicely complements her integrative medicine skills and expertise. Dr. Anderson brings all of this, along with a passion for wellness, and a genuine interest in the total well-being of others to her integrative medicine practice

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Integrative Medicine at Beaumont

Integrative medicine avoids the false dichotomy between conventional and complementary medicine. New therapies are selected on the basis of their scientifically proven safety and effectiveness, regardless of their origin. The result is an array of services intended to tackle the complex dynamics contributing to your health. Often, the physical state is symptomatic of mental, emotional, social, spiritual, or environmental factors that only a comprehensive, personalized health plan can resolve.

At the core of integrative medicine is the concept of the partnership between patient and healthcare practitioner. With a preference for the least invasive and most natural therapies, the full range of the healing sciences is brought to bear on strengthening your innate healing response by physicians and providers trained in both conventional and integrative medicine. When you have recovered your health and vitality, we will help you maintain your wellness and prevent the onset or recurrence of disease.

To learn more, see our Patient Bill of Rights.

At Duke Integrative Medicine, we operate our practice at the highest possible standards of excellence in a world-class facility Duke Universitys Center for Living Campus. Nestled in the woodlands of Duke Forest, and surrounded by serene meditation gardens, we offer quiet, soothing, contemplative spaces designed to calm and focus your senses and rejuvenate your spirit. Find your answers in our library under a cathedral ceiling, surrounded by walls of glass and views of nature, or visit with like-minded souls in our Integrative Caf. Every feature of the environment is designed to nourish the wellness within.

More here:
About - Duke Integrative Medicine

Healing the whole person

The hospital's integrative medicine program combines the best therapies from conventional medicine with our integrative medicine approach, to form a comprehensive system of biomedical care.

From a patient's very first visit with us, we attempt to uncover the underlying story of the patient's journey from wellness to disease. We listen. Based on our findings, we tailor a plan for each individual patient based on their lifestyle, their needs and their preferences. We consider the patient an integral part of the treatment team, and encourage patients to take control of their medical care.

Integrative medicine is the use of therapies generally not considered to be part of conventional medical care. As defined by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) at the National Institute of Health (NIH), integrative medicine can incorporate:

Integrative Medicine at The University of Kansas Hospital focuses on biomedical based therapies. We combine the best therapies from conventional medicine with our integrative approach. Integrative medicine practiced in this manner is a comprehensive system of medical care. Comprehensive one-on-one patient-doctor visits attempt to elicit the underlying story of patients journey from wellness to disease. We listen. Based on the picture that emerges, testing is recommended. Testing may include:

Tailored plans are developed for individual patients based on these findings. Services offered for the individualized plan could include:

Alternative medicine services such as those offered in integrative medicine are not covered under most traditional health insurance plans, including Medicaid and Medicare. Because our program does not accept health insurance, payment is due at the time of service.

Your generous contributions support research and education to advance the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as cancer.View specific ways to give.

Originally posted here:
Integrative Medicine | The University of Kansas Hospital ...

Schedule an appointment

Call now to schedule a one-on-one appointment with Dr. Bartlett: (319) 221-8600.

Integrative Medicine is a healing-oriented approach that takes the whole person into account, including all aspects of lifestyle. It combines cutting-edge, conventional medicine with evidence-based, complementary and alternative approaches.

Whether treating chronic issues or exploring preventative wellness options, the overall goal of Mercy's Integrative Medicine Center is to identify and address the root of the condition, as opposed to only treating symptoms.

Integrative medicine goes beyond just getting your blood pressure in a certain range, for example. Although important, the Integrative Medicine Center focuses on the root issue affecting your whole being and the cause of high blood pressure. This could be a combination of stress, lack of exercise, poor nutrition, or relationship or spirituality issues. These core areas are addressed and appropriate therapies applied to the mind, body and spirit.

Mercys Integrative Medicine Center is physician-led under the direction of Suzanne Bartlett, MD, FACOG. Dr. Bartlett is board certified in Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN).

She completed a prestigious fellowship in Integrative Medicine with Dr. Andrew Weil at the University of Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine. She is Iowas first and the areas only University of Arizona fellowship-trained Medical Doctor (MD) practicing Integrative Medicine. Learn more about Dr. Bartlett.

The Integrative Medicine Center works in partnership with your primary care provider, melding conventional and complimentary, evidence-based therapies to each patients healing and wellness process.

Chronic disease

Cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, weight management and headaches

Gynecologic issues

Pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS), menstrual irregularities, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pre-conceptual counseling, infertility, hormonal imbalances and menopause

Other hormonal issues

Low libido, fatigue, hair loss, adrenal/thyroid disorders

Mood disorders

Anxiety, depression, stress and sleep disturbances

Digestive conditions

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), acid reflux, diarrhea, constipation and food allergies/sensitivities

Pelvic floor dysfunction

Urinary/fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse

Natural management of symptoms and/or side effects of treatment

Link:
Integrative Medicine - Mercy Medical Center, Cedar Rapids, IA

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Longevity Pay Program Guide - Oklahoma

Title 74, Section 840-2.18 of the Oklahoma Statutes.

Years of Service

Annual Longevity Payment

At least 2 years but less than 4 years

$250.00

At least 4 years but less than 6 years

$426.00

At least 6 years but less than 8 years

$626.00

At least 8 years but less than 10 years

$850.00

At least 10 years but less than 12 years

$1,062.00

At least 12 years but less than 14 years

$1,250.00

At least 14 years but less than 16 years

$1,500.00

At least 16 years but less than 18 years

$1,688.00

At least 18 years but less than 20 years

$1,900.00

At least 20 years

$2,000.00

For each additional two years of service after the first 20 years, an additional $200.00 shall be added to the amount stated above for 20 years of service.

Last Modified on 07/15/2014

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Longevity Payment Program - Oklahoma

A single cell that can replicate itself and differentiate into many cell types. Therefore it is called the master cell of our body. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialized function i.e. muscle cell, red blood cell, liver cell, brain cell, etc.Stem cells exhibit inherent properties of plasticity, homing, engraftment and self renewal. This capacity to regenerate into various cell types holdshuge clinical potentials.

Stem Cell is the master cell of our and can give rise to any kind of cells. Ideally stem cells are classified as embryonic, adult, foetal and induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells are pluripotent, totipotent and multipoint.

Regenerative cell functions include:

Mainly stem cells are of two types: embryonic and adult. We use adult stem cells for treatment which are found inbone marrow, adipose tissue, peripheral blood, dental pulp, cord blood, menstrual blood etc.

Cells removed from a patient and replaced during the same surgical procedure pose no greater risk of disease transmission than the surgery itself. FDA Regulation of Stem Cell Based Therapies, Halme and Kessler, New England Journal of Medicine, 2006.

The fat from the mini- liposuction is processed using a combination of centrifuge and incubation.Cellular compositions of the SVF areadult mesenchymal stem cells, pre-adipocytes, endothelial cells (thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels), smooth muscle cells, connective tissue, fibroblasts, growth factors.

Link:
Treatment | Stemgenn

We are MSU SportsMEDICINE. For over twenty years we have provided quality health care to MSU athletes and the mid-Michigan area. We are the unquestioned leader in providing non-operative and operative care to athletes and sport participants of all ages. Evaluation and diagnostic services are provided by the experienced staff physicians, physician assistants, and support staff. Utilization of athletic training services within the clinic and with local physical therapists, allows athletic participants an aggressive and comprehensive approach to return to sports and the performing arts.

Comprehensive care of the injured athlete and active participant is the primary focus of MSU SportsMEDICINE. The staff of primary care and orthopedic specialists at MSU SportsMEDICINE work closely with primary care providers in the mid-Michigan area offering a referral opportunity to better serve the active recreational athletes regarding their injuries. Utilizing a full spectrum of ancillary health care providers within MSU and throughout the community, MSU SportsMEDICINE has taken the approach to treating the whole athlete as opposed to any of its parts. Sports psychiatry, nutrition, biomechanical analysis, manual medicine techniques, stress testing and body fat determinations are just a few of the avenues the sports medicine staff will utilize to enhance an athletes performance and also return them to play.

MSU Sports Medicine 4660 South Hagadorn Road Suite 420 East Lansing, MI 48823

Phone: 517.884.6100 Fax: 517.884.6233

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Click for more information

Link:
Home | SportsMEDICINE | Michigan State University

Esquire Orthopedic Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine is as much a part of St. Louis as the St. Louis Arch, the Cardinals, the Blues and Forest Park.

When you walk through our doors you will receive a thorough examination, and possible testing prior to a treatment program being initiated.

We treat all types of muscular skeletal injuries, including those caused by car accidents, work-related incidents and sports injuries.

You can feel confident knowing that we are the oldest sports medicine clinic in St. Louis. Long before hospitals had sports medicine departments, there was Esquire Sports Medicine. All of our doctors are athletes who have had many of the injuries that you have experienced. We know what it is to be in pain and we are able to diagnose why you are suffering and what to do about it.

We pride ourselves on proper diagnosis. That is critical to your recovery. When you come to us, we determine what is causing your pain or what to do about your injury. We do a thorough examination, which may involve an X-ray or MRI. We then treat you and get you back on the go again. However, if we believe that you may need surgery, we will refer you to a health care provider who specializes in the best outcome for your condition.

We have 3 convenient locations in central St. Louis, south St. Louis and Belleville, Illinois. We will to see you within 24 hours, but most of the time, the same day. Our goal is to take your pain away. Tell us what hurts and let us help you. We promise to treat you with respect. Our patients say they trust us. They say we treat them as family. We like that.

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Esquire Sports Medicine

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Julian Assange: Why the world needs WikiLeaks

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Julian Assange: Why the world needs WikiLeaks

Gayla Benefield was just doing her job until she uncovered an awful secret about her hometown that meant its mortality rate was 80 times higher than anywhere else in the U.S. But when she tried to tell people about it, she learned an even more shocking truth: People didnt want to know. In a talk thats part history lesson, part call-to-action, Margaret Heffernan demonstrates the danger of "willful blindness" and praises ordinary people like Benefield who are willing to speak up. (Filmed at TEDxDanubia.)

This talk was presented to a local audience at TEDxDanubia, an independent event. TED editors featured it among our selections on the home page.

How willful blindness can corrupt the workplace

In a half-hour podcast from BBC Radio 4, Margaret Heffernan explores how we choose to be ignorant in big businesses and how this can have serious consequences.

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Enthusiastically agree? Respectfully beg to differ? Have your say here.

More here:
Margaret Heffernan: The dangers of "willful blindness ...

GDA 2014 Honoree: Dr. Omid Farokhzad Wall Street Journal Interview Cellular Surgeons: New Era of Nanomedicine New York Academy of Sciences Event ecancertv: Polymeric Nanoparticles for Medical Applications Our Research

Nanotechnology has generated a significant impact in nearly every aspect of science. Our research seeks novel nanomaterials and nanotechnologies in order to develop advanced drug delivery systems with the promise to improve health care. Highly interdisciplinary and translational, our research is focused on multifunctional, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. We seek to improve nanoparticle synthesis and formulation and its therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, we develop robust engineering processes to accelerate translation of nanoparticle-based drugs into the drug development pipeline. At the same time, we emphasize a fundamental understanding of the interface between nanomaterials and biological systems. Read our recent reviews below:

See below for some of our selected research articles. Click on images for more detail:

Transepithelial transport of fc-targeted nanoparticles by the neonatal fc receptor for oral delivery:

A study on the immunocompatibility properties of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles with heterogeneous surface functional groups:

Engineering of targeted nanoparticles for cancer therapy using internalizing aptamers isolated by cell-uptake selection:

Synthesis of Size-Tunable Polymeric Nanoparticles Enabled by 3D Hydrodynamic Flow Focusing in Single-Layer Microchannels:

Effects of ligands with different water solubilities on self-assembly and properties of targeted nanoparticles:

Development of poly(ethylene glycol) with observable shedding:

Congratulations to Nazila Kamaly for her appointment as an Associate Professor at Technical University of Denmark (01/01/16)

Congratulations to Jun Wu for his appointment as a Professor at Sun Yat-sen University, China (01/01/16)

Congratulations to Christian Vilos for securing the Chilean Grant (Fondecyt)! (01/30/16)

Congratulations to Naomi Morales-Medina for securing an undergraduate National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) Fellowship for minorities in STEM fields! (10/19/15)

Congratulations to Christian Vilos for his promotion to Associate Professor at Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science (CIMIS) in Faculty of Medicine in Andres Bello University! (09/10/15)

Congratulations to Won Il Choi for securing a Senior Researcher position at the Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology! (09/10/15)

Congratulations to Jining Huang for getting admission in the Bioengineering PhD Program at Caltech. (03/24/15)

Welcome Dr. Sejin Son to join our team! (10/31/14)

Welcome Dr. Dmitry Shvartsman to join our team! (09/19/14)

Welcome Dr. Harshal Zope to join our team! (06/15/14)

Welcome Dr Yanlan Liu, Dr. Xiaoding Xu and Dr. Arif Islam to join our team! (03/12/14)

Welcome Dr. Basit Yameen to join our team! (09/09/2013)

Congratulations to Dr. Archana Swami for her poster prize at the MIT Polymer Day Symposium! (05/02/2013)

Welcome Dr. Mikyung Yu, Dr. In-hyun Lee, Dr. Won IL Choi, Dr. Renata Leito and Dr. Cristian Vilos to join our team! (05/02/2013)

Congratulations to Dr. Archana Swami for receiving an 'Outstanding Paper' award from the ASME at NEMB2013! (31/01/2013)

Welcome Dr. Giuseppe Palmisano to join our team! (04/01/12)

Congratulations to Steffi Sunny for securing a PhD position on the Applied Science and Engineering PhD program at Harvard University! (04/01/12)

Congratulations to Shrey Sindhwani for securing a Physician Scientist Training Program (MD-PhD) position at the University of Toronto! (04/01/12)

Congratulations to Dr. Xiaoyang Xu on the award of his National Cancer Institute funded Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award Post-doctoral Fellowship! (01/03/2012)

Congratulations to Dr. Jinjun Shi on the award of his National Cancer Institute K99/R00 Career Award! (11/30/2011)

Congratulations to Dr. Jinjun Shi for his BWH Biomedical Research Institute award! (11/10/2011)

Welcome Dr. Nazila Kamaly to join our team! (01/25/2011)

Welcome Dr. Jun Wu, Dr. Xueqing Zhang and Changwei Ji to join our team! (11/15/2010)

Welcome Dr. Suresh Gadde to join our team! (12/15/2009)

Welcome Dr. Xiaoyang Xu to join our team! (10/19/09)

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Immunocompatibility properties of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles with heterogeneous surface functional groups, Salvador-Morales C, Zhang L, Langer et al, Biomaterials, 30 (2009) 2231.

Engineering of targeted nanoparticles for cancer therapy using internalizing aptamers isolated by cell-uptake selection, Xiao Z, Levy-Nissenbaum E, Alexis F et al, ACS Nano, 6 (2012) 696.

Synthesis of size-tunable polymeric nanoparticles enabled by 3D hydrodynamic flow focusing in single-layer microchannels., Rhee M, Valencia M, Rodriguez MI et al, Advanced Materials, 23 (2011) H79.

Effects of ligands with different water solubilities on self-assembly and properties of targeted nanoparticles, Valencia PM, Hanewich-Hollatz MH, Gao W et al, Biomaterials, 23 (2011) 6226.

Poly (ethylene glycol) with Observabel Shedding, Valencia PM, Hanewich-Hollatz MH, Gao W et al, , 23 (2010) 6567.

Preclinical Development and Clinical Translation of a PSMA-Targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticle with a Differentiated Pharmacological Profile, Hrkach J, Von Hoff D, Ali MM et al, Science Translational Medicine, 4 (2012) 128ra39.

Targeted polymeric therapeutic nanoparticles: design, development and clinical translation, N Kamaly, Z Xiao, P Valencia et alChem. Soc. Rev, 41 (2012) 2971.

Precise engineering of targeted nanoparticles by using self-assembled biointegrated block copolymers, F. Gu, L. Zhang, B. A. Teply et alPNAS, 105 (2008) 2586.

Quantum dot-aptamer conjugates for synchronous cancer imaging, therapy, and sensing of drug delivery based on bi-fluorescence resonance energy transfer, V Bagalkot, L Zhang, E Levy-Nissenbaum et alNano Lett., 7 (2007) 3065.

Targeted nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates for cancer chemotherapy in vivo, O. Farokhzad, J. Cheng, B. A. Teply, et al PNAS, 103 (2006) 6315.

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Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials

Abstract

In the last decade, tissue engineering is a field that has been suffering an enormous expansion in the regenerative medicine and dentistry. The use of cells as mesenchymal dental stem cells of easy access for dentist and oral surgeon, immunosuppressive properties, high proliferation and capacity to differentiate into odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts and other cells implicated in the teeth, suppose a good perspective of future in the clinical dentistry. However, is necessary advance in the known of growth factors and signalling molecules implicated in tooth development and regeneration of different structures of teeth. Furthermore, these cells need a fabulous scaffold that facility their integration, differentiation, matrix synthesis and promote multiple specific interactions between cells. In this review, we give a brief description of tooth development and anatomy, definition and classification of stem cells, with special attention of mesenchymal stem cells, commonly used in the cellular therapy for their trasdifferentiation ability, non ethical problems and acceptable results in preliminary clinical trials. In terms of tissue engineering, we provide an overview of different types of mesenchymal stem cells that have been isolated from teeth, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental follicle progenitor stem cells (DFPCs), and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs), growth factors implicated in regeneration teeth and types of scaffolds for dental tissue regeneration.

Key words:Dental stem cells, regenerative dentistry, mesenchymal stem cells, tissue engineering, stem cells.

The formation of the tooth is determined by the cells of which it is composed, the buccal epithelial cells that form the enamel organ and the mesenchymal cells that form the dental papilla. The enamel is formed by the enamel organ, and the dentin is formed by the dental papilla. Cells from the neural crest also take part in tooth formation. These cells originate in the nervous system and later migrate to the maxilla and mandible, where they interact with mesenchymal cells to form the enamel organ and the dental papilla (1,2).

The tooth has two anatomical parts. The crown is the part of the tooth which is covered with enamel and it is the part usually visible in the mouth. The root is the part embedded in the jaw. It anchors the tooth in its bony socket and is normally not visible. The tissues of tooth are enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp. The pulp contains blood vessels and nerves that enter the tooth from a hole at the apex of the root and cementum (Fig.). Around of tooth the periodontal ligament attaches the cementum to the alveolar (3).

-Dental Pulp Tissue

Dental pulp is a loose connective tissue that occupies the pulp chamber of the tooth and originates in the embryonic dental papilla (ectomesenchymal tissue); it is the mature form of the papilla and the only smooth tissue of the tooth. The principal cell of this tissue is the odontoblast, also referred to as the dentinoblast. The dental pulp also contains fibroblasts, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells or stem cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes (4).

-Periodontal ligament (PDL)

The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a vascularised, cellular soft connective tissue that surrounds the teeth and joins the root cementum with the hard sheet of the alveolar bone (5). Most of the cells in the PDL are fibroblasts, which primarily function to synthesise and maintain the extracellular matrix. These fibroblasts contain a developed cytoskeleton of microtubules and actin microfilaments that has been implicated in cellular motility processes. In addition to fibroblasts, the PDL contains osteoblasts, osteoclasts, cementoblasts, macrophages, and stem cells that are capable of generating fibroblasts, cementoblasts, and osteoblasts (6,7).

The term stem cell was proposed for scientific use by Russian histologist Alexander Maksimov in 1909. Alexander Maximov was the first to suggest the existence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with the morphological appearance of a lymphocyte, capable of migrating throughout the blood to microecological niches that would allow them to proliferate and differentiate along specific (8). While research on stem cells grew out of findings by Canadian scientists in the 1960s (8,9). Based on their origin, there are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and postnatal or adult stem cells (AS cells). Embryonic stem cells were harvested from embryos, they are cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst (early stage embryo, 4-5 days old, consist of 50-150 cells) of earlier morula stage embryo. In other words these are the cells that form the three germ layers, and are capable of developing more than 200 cell types. In 1998 the first human embryonic stem cell line was derived at university of Wisconsin-Madison (10).

Stem cells can be classified according to their abilities to differentiate as totipotent, pluripotent, or multipotent. Totipotent stem cells are those that can be implanted in the uterus of a living animal and give rise to a full organism. Pluripotent stem cells are those that can give rise to every cell of an organism except its extra-embryonic tissues, such as the placenta. This limitation re-stricts pluripotent stem cells from developing into a full organism. Embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are pluripotent stem cells. Multipotent stem cells are adult stem cells which only generate specific lineages of cells (11,12).

Embryonic stem cells have both moral and technical problems; because these cells will later develop into a human being, taking these cells will require destruction of an embryo. Technically these cells are difficult to control and grow and they might as well form tumors after their injection (13). Differentiating embryonic stem cells into usable cells while avoiding transplant rejection are just a few of the hurdles that embryonic stem cell researchers still face. And after ten years of research, there are no approved treatments or human trials using embryonic stem cells; but because of the combined abilities of unlimited expansion and pluripotency, embryonic stem cells remain a theoretically potential source of regenerative medicine and tissue replacement after injury or disease (14).

A very recent development, with potentially a profound significance for clinical therapy has been the generation of induced pluri-potent stem (iPS) cells from somatic cells. The method for iPS cell induction is ground-breaking because somatic cells are converted directly into pluripotent cells through introduction of four genes: Oct-4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 (15). iPS cells have been shown to be similar to ES cells in morphology, proliferation and differentiation capacity and genomic and epigenomic states (16).

To date, AS cells provide a promising tool for clinical applications in the near future due to their accessibility, despite their reduced plasticity (11). Although limited in their capability to differentiate, they can still develop into a number of cell lineages. The possibility of harvesting postnatal stem cells for later use in the same patient eliminates immunological difficulties and the risk of pathogen transmission. Adult stem cells from autologous origin are an appealing, and practical source for cell-based regenerative therapies that hold realistic clinical potential (11).

-Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Alexander Friedenstein was the first to evidence the presence of a population of nonhematopoietic cells that were capable of autorenovation and bone differentiation in the bone marrow (17). Subsequently, others showed the bone-marrow-derived cells isolated according to Friedensteins technique, also possessed high potency of proliferation and pluripotency of differentiation into mesenchymal tissues, and therefore Caplan used the term mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) to describe them (18). Further studies have established mesenchymal stem cells as a heterogeneous cell population in which each individual cell varies in its gene expression, differentiative capacity, expansion potential and phenotype (19,20). Moreover, all of them do not seem to fulfill the stem cell criteria. Therefore, they are preferred to be called multipotent stromal cell with the same acronym MSC (20). Several studies have demonstrated that MSCs can be isolated from multiple tissues, such as bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, adult connective tissue, dental tissues, placenta, and amniotic membrane (21-24).

At present, any cell population which meets the following characteristics, irrespective of its tissue source, is generally referred as MSC: morphologically, they adhere to plastic and have a fibroblast-like appearance; functionally, they have the ability of self-renewal and could differentiate into cells of the mesenchymal lineage (osteocyte, chondrocyte and adipocyte), also into cells of the endoderm (hepatocytes) and ectoderm (neurons) lineages under proper cell culture conditions; phenotypically, they express more than 95% of the population express the CD105, CD73,CD90 surface antigens and that less than 2% of the population ex-press the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, the primitive hematopoietic progenitor and endothelial cell marker CD34, the monocyte and macrophage markers CD14 and CD11, the B cell markers CD79 and CD19, or HLA class II (25).

-Tissue Engineering in Dentistry with Mesenchymal dental stem cells

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field of study that applies the principles of engineering to biology and medicine toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, and improve normal function (26). The emerging discipline of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine endeavors to use a rational approach based on morphogenetic signals for tissue induction, responding stem/progenitor cells and the scaffold to maintain and preserve the microenvironment (26).

Growth factors

Growth factors and signaling molecules have the ability to stimulate cellular proliferation and cellular differentiation. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) family members are used sequentially and repeatedly throughout embryonic tooth development, initiation, morphogenesis, cytodifferentiation and matrix secretion (26). Six different Bmps (Bmp2Bmp7) are coexpressed tem-porally and spatially Bmp6 were identified in human primary culture of dental pulp cells (27). BMPs have been successfully ap-plied for the regeneration of periodontal tissue (28), and other factors, such as PDGF, IGF-1, FGF-2, TGF-, and BMPs (29), have utility in tooth tissue engineering. Dentin matrix protein-1, a non-collagenous protein involved in the mineralization process, induced cytodifferentiation, collagen production and calcified deposits in dental pulp in a rat model (27). Other investigations have been demonstrated the effect of dexamethasone in cultures with dental stem cells, where these cells in combination with dexa-methasone can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes or chondrocytes (30). Recently has been comproved the role of 17-estradiol on cementoblast activity. An in vitro study with PDL fibroblasts showed enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation when 17-estradiol was added to the cell-culture medium (31).

Cell Source: Mesenchymal dental stem cells (MDSCs)

To date, several types of adult stem cells have been isolated from teeth, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) (32), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) (33), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) (34), dental follicle progenitor stem cells (DFPCs) (35), and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) (36).

MDSCs are multipotent cells that proliferate extensively (maintained for at least 25 passages), can be safely cryopreserved, pos-sess immunosuppressive properties, and express mesenchymal markers. MSDSCs can be isolated using explant cultures or enzy-matic digestion. In addition, the stem cells derived from teeth are large spindle-shaped cells with a large central nucleus abundant cytoplasm, and cytoplasmic extensions in culture (Fig. ). These adherent cells are morphologically identical to the mesenchymal stem cells obtained from bone marrow (BMMSCs) (32). MDSCs can differentiate in vitro into cells of all of the germinal layers, including ectoderm (neural cells), mesoderm (myocytes, osteo-blasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and cardiomyocytes), and endo-derm (hepatic cells) (37).

Spindle shaped dental stem cells in culture media. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification: X100.

In 2000, Gronthos et al. (32) discovered a new type of stem cells from adult human dental pulp that have the ability to differentiate into odontoblasts/osteoblasts, adypocites and neural cells. These were termed dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) (32). Transplanted ex vivo expanted DPSC mixed with hydroxyapatite/ tricalcium phosphate form ectopic dentin/pulp-like complexes in immunocompromised mice (32). These polls of heterogeneous DPSC form vascularizad pulp like tissue and are surrounded by a layer of odontoblast-like cells expressing factors that produce dentin containing tubules similar those found in natural dentin (32). In addition, DPSCs express mesenchymal markers as CD73, CD90 and CD105 (37). Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), also termed immature, are MDSCs from dental pulp tissue of human deciduous teeth with the capacity to differentiate into osteogenic and odontogenic cells, adipocytes, and neural cells (32). As neural crest cell-associated postnatal stem cells, SHED express a variety of neural cell markers including nestin, beta III tubulin, GAD, NeuN, GFAP, NFM, and CNPase (33). Also, SHED are able to form bone when transplanted in vivo and may be an appropriate stem cell resource for treating immune disorders via improved immunomodulatory properties (33). Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) isolated from human periodontal ligament also express mesenchymal markers. In vitro, PDLSCs have the ability to differentiate in vitro into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic cells (34). PDLSCs represent a novel stem cell population in terms of in vivo capacity to differentiate into cells similar to cementoblasts and collagen-forming cells, as evidenced positively en preclinical studies (34). Dental follicle progenitor stem cells (DFPCs) obtained from a mesenchymal tissue that surrounds the developing tooth germ are multipotent stem cells that have immunomodulatory properties, high proliferation potential and capacity to differentiate into odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts and other cells implicated in the teeth (35). Furthemore, are able to re-create a new periodontal ligament (PDL) after in vivo implantation (37). Finally, the stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) isolated from a precursor of radicular pulp, express mesenchymal markers and can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and produce dentin-like tissue in both in vitro and in vivo study systems (36). SCAP together with PDLSCs are able to form a root-like structure when seeded onto the hydroxyapatite-based scaffold and implanted in pig jaws (37).

Scaffold

Actually, investigators search the ideal scaffold to facilitate the growth, integration and differentiation of stem cells. The scaffold should be biocompatible, non-toxic and have optimal physical features and mechanical properties. Experiments with cell-free scaffolds are especially attractive because of an easier handling process that eliminates the issues associated with the use of stem cells and their expansion in vitro, with storage and shelf-life, cost aspects, immunoresponse of the host and transmission of diseases (38). However there are some disvantages in this method: first, the cells may have low survival rates. Second, the cells might migrate to different locations within the body, possibly leading to aberrant patterns to mineralization. A solution for this problem may be to apply the cells together with a scaffold. This would help to position and maintain cell localization (39).

Many materials have been designed and constructed for tissue engineering approaches, namely natural and synthetic polymers or inorganic materials and composites, which have been fabricated into porous scaffolds, nanofibrous materials, microparticles and hydrogels. Natural materials include collagen, elastin, fibrin, alginate, silk, glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronan, and chitosan (40). They offer a high degree of structural strength, are compatible with cells and tissues and biodegradable, but are often difficult to process and afflicted with the risk of transmitting animal-associated pathogens or provoking an immunoresponse. Synthetic polymers as poly lactic acid (PLA), poly glycolic acid (PGA), and their copolymer, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) provide excellent chemical and mechanical properties and allow high control over the physicochemical characteristics, such as molecular weight, configuration of polymer chains, or the presence of functional groups. Recently, hydrogels have been explored for tissue engineering applications in more detail. Hydrogels offer numerous interesting properties including high biocompatibility, a tissue-like water content and mechanical characteristics similar to those of native tissue (40).

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Mesenchymal dental stem cells in regenerative dentistry