Evidence reviews Increased water intake may help reduce the risk of recurrence of kidney stones but more studies are needed
Kidney stones (also known as calculi) are masses of crystals and protein and are common causes of urinary tract obstruction in adults. For a long time, increased water intake has been the main preventive measure for the disease and its recurrence. In this review only one study was found that looked at the effect of increase water intake on recurrence and time to recurrence. Increased water intake decreased the chance of recurrence and increased the time to recurrence. Further studies are needed.
Stones in the urinary tract are a common medical problem. Half of patients with previous urinary stones have a recurrence within 10 years. Kidney stones can cause pain, blood in the urine, infection, decreased kidney function, and kidney failure. The treatment is to remove the stones from kidney. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) disintegrates stones using shock waves and is a minimally invasive technique. Other minimally invasive methods (percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS)) are widely used for kidney stones management because ESWL had limited success rate. This review aimed to compare the effectiveness and complications between ESWL and stones removing using the nephroscopy through the skin at kidney level (PCNL) or ureteroscope through the bladder and ureter to the kidney (RIRS). Five small randomised studies (338 patients) were included. Four studies compared ESWL with PCNL and one study compared ESWL with RIRS. Patients with kidney stones who undergo PCNL have a higher success rate than ESWL whereas RIRS was not significantly different from ESWL. However, ESWL patients spent less time in hospital, duration of treatment was shorter and there were fewer complications.
Lower pole kidney stones are challenging to treat effectively. Many people with lower pole kidney stones undergo shock wave lithotripsy to break up stones so they can be passed from the body in the urine. In some cases, stone fragments can be retained, and these can be difficult to eliminate. Better techniques are needed to help people pass small lower pole kidney stones or fragments that remain following shock wave lithotripsy.
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Kidney stones (also known as calculi) are masses of crystals and protein and are common causes of urinary tract obstruction in adults. For a long time, increased water intake has been the main preventive measure for the disease and its recurrence. In this review only one study was found that looked at the effect of increase water intake on recurrence and time to recurrence. Increased water intake decreased the chance of recurrence and increased the time to recurrence. Further studies are needed.
Stones in the urinary tract are a common medical problem. Half of patients with previous urinary stones have a recurrence within 10 years. Kidney stones can cause pain, blood in the urine, infection, decreased kidney function, and kidney failure. The treatment is to remove the stones from kidney. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) disintegrates stones using shock waves and is a minimally invasive technique. Other minimally invasive methods (percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS)) are widely used for kidney stones management because ESWL had limited success rate. This review aimed to compare the effectiveness and complications between ESWL and stones removing using the nephroscopy through the skin at kidney level (PCNL) or ureteroscope through the bladder and ureter to the kidney (RIRS). Five small randomised studies (338 patients) were included. Four studies compared ESWL with PCNL and one study compared ESWL with RIRS. Patients with kidney stones who undergo PCNL have a higher success rate than ESWL whereas RIRS was not significantly different from ESWL. However, ESWL patients spent less time in hospital, duration of treatment was shorter and there were fewer complications.
This summary will tell you about: Changes you can make to your diet and/or medicines you can take that could help lower your chance of getting another calcium stone What research says about how well making changes to your diet and taking medicines work to lower the chance of getting another calcium stone Possible side effects of the medicines This summary can help you talk with your doctor about options to help lower your chance of getting another calcium stone.
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Kidney Stones - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health