Experimental study shows connection between COVID infection and age-related blindness Medical Xpress
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Experimental study shows connection between COVID infection and age-related blindness - Medical Xpress
Yes, an Eye Infection *Can* Lead To Vision Loss Heres How Katie Couric Media
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Yes, an Eye Infection *Can* Lead To Vision Loss Heres How - Katie Couric Media
Elton John confirms shocking blindness after severe infection fight: I havent been able to see.. Hindustan Times
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Elton John confirms shocking blindness after severe infection fight: I havent been able to see.. - Hindustan Times
CU Anschutz researchers working to cure blindness through total eye transplantation 9News.com KUSA
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CU Anschutz researchers working to cure blindness through total eye transplantation - 9News.com KUSA
Elton John Battling Partial Blindness After Serious Eye Infection Digital Music News
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Elton John Battling Partial Blindness After Serious Eye Infection - Digital Music News
Elton John announces blindness due to infection CBS19.tv KYTX
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Elton John announces blindness due to infection - CBS19.tv KYTX
Elton John lost his vision from an eye infection. Here's why that might happenand how to prevent it Fortune
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Elton John lost his vision from an eye infection. Here's why that might happenand how to prevent it - Fortune
David Frost: I suffer from face blindness. As a politician, being unable to identify people is agony The Telegraph
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David Frost: I suffer from face blindness. As a politician, being unable to identify people is agony - The Telegraph
Hes still standing how Elton John has survived far worse than blindness The Telegraph
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Hes still standing how Elton John has survived far worse than blindness - The Telegraph
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Foundation Fighting Blindness Partners with University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Other Leading Institutions to Secure Up to $46 Million...
Walmart helping low vison and blind customers shop with new app KSLA
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Walmart helping low vison and blind customers shop with new app - KSLA
Trumps Win: The Blindness of Republicans and Democrats The Times of Israel
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Trumps Win: The Blindness of Republicans and Democrats - The Times of Israel
Elton John Says He Is Blind In The Right Eye Due to An Infection; What Is It All About? Times Now
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Elton John Says He Is Blind In The Right Eye Due to An Infection; What Is It All About? - Times Now
Symptoms of serious eye infections after Elton John says he is now blind LADbible
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Elton John's worrying health battles in full as he confirms blindness The Mirror
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Elton John's worrying health battles in full as he confirms blindness - The Mirror
Shocking! Elton John Reveals Blindness After Severe Eye Infection: Havent Been Able To... Republic World
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Shocking! Elton John Reveals Blindness After Severe Eye Infection: Havent Been Able To... - Republic World
Face blindness will be examined as part of new project BBC
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Face blindness will be examined as part of new project - BBC
In this topic Best practices for making Word documents accessible
The following table includes key best practices for creating Word documents that are accessible to people with disabilities.
What to fix
How to find it
Why fix it
How to fix it
Avoid common accessibility issues such as missing alternative text (alt text) and low contrast colors.
Use the Accessibility Checker.
Make it easy for everyone to read your documents.
Check accessibility while you work in Word
In general, avoid tables if possible and present the data another way.
If you have to use tables, use a simple table structurefor data only,and specify column header information.
To ensure that tables don't contain split cells, merged cells, or nested tables, use the Accessibility Checker.
Visually scan your tables to check that they don't have any completely blank rows or columns.
Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells. If a table is nested within another table or if a cell is merged or split, the screen reader loses count and cant provide helpful information about the table after that point. Blank cells in a table could also mislead someone using a screen reader into thinking that there is nothing more in the table.
Avoid using tables
Use table headers
Use built-in title, subtitle, and heading styles
Create paragraph banners
Use built-in headings and styles.
To check that the order of headings is logical, visually scan your document's table of contents.
To preserve tab order and to make it easier for screen readers to read your documents, use a logical heading order and the built-in formatting tools in Word.
You can also use paragraph banners to organize your content.
Use built-in title, subtitle, and heading styles
Create accessible lists
Adjust space between sentences and paragraphs
Create paragraph banners
Include alttext with all visuals.
To find missing alttext, use the Accessibility Checker.
Alt text helps people who cant see the screen to understand whats important in images and other visuals.
Add alt text to visuals
Add meaningful hyperlink text and ScreenTips.
To determine whether hyperlink text makes sense as standalone information and whether it gives readers accurate information about the destination target, visually scan your document.
People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links.
Add accessible hyperlink text and ScreenTips
Ensure that color is not the only means of conveying information.
To find instances of color-coding, visually scan your document.
People who are blind, have low vision, or are colorblind might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors.
Use accessible font format
Use sufficient contrast for text and background colors.
To find insufficient color contrast, use the Accessibility Checker.
You can also look for text in your document thats hard to read or to distinguish from the background.
If your document has a high level of contrast between text and background, more people can see and use the content.
Use accessible fontcolor
Avoid writing important information in the Header or Footer sections of the document.
Headers and Footers are visible only in the Print Layout view and the Print Preview.
Double-click the Header or the Footer to activate and edit its content.
People who use screen readers miss out on important information as screen readers do not scan Headers or Footers.
Use built-in title, subtitle, and heading styles to include titles, subtitles, page numbers, and all other important information in the main body of the document.
Include anyredundant informationin the Headeror Footersection.
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The Accessibility Checker is a tool that reviews your content and flags accessibility issues it comes across. It explains why each issue might be a potential problem for someone with a disability. The Accessibility Checker also suggests how you can resolve the issues that appear.
InWord, the Accessibility Checker runs automatically in the background when you're creating a document.If the Accessibility Checker detects accessibility issues, you will get a reminder in the status bar.
To manually launch the Accessibility Checker, select Review > CheckAccessibility.The Accessibility pane opens, and you can now review and fix accessibility issues. For more info, go toImprove accessibility with the Accessibility Checkerand Check document accessibility.
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In general, avoid tables if possible and present the data another way, like paragraphs with headings and banners.Tables with fixed width might prove difficult to read for people who use Magnifier,because such tables force the content to a specific size. This makes the font very small, which forces Magnifier users to scroll horizontally, especially on mobile devices.
If you have to use tables, use the following guidelines to make sure your table is as accessible as possible:
Avoid fixed widthtables.
Make sure the tables render properly on all devices, including phones and tablets.
If you have hyperlinks in your table, edit the link texts, so they make sense and don't break mid-sentence.
Make sure the documentis easily read with Magnifier.Send the documentdraft to yourself and view it on amobile device to make sure people wont need to horizontally scroll the documenton a phone, for example.
Use table headers.
Test accessibility with Immersive Reader.
Title, Subtitle, and headings are meant to be scanned, both visually and with assistive technology.
Use the built-in Title and Subtitle styles specifically for the title and subtitle of the document.
Ideally, headings explain what a document section is about. Use the built-in heading styles and create descriptive heading texts to make it easier for screen reader users to determine the structure of the documentand navigate the headings.
Organize headings in the prescribed logical order and do not skip heading levels. For example, use Heading 1, Heading 2, and then Heading 3, rather than Heading 3, Heading 1, and then Heading 2.Organize the information in your documentinto small chunks. Ideally, each heading would include only a few paragraphs.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to use the headings and styles, go to Improve accessibility with heading styles.
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In addition to using headings to organize the content in your document, you can also create paragraph banners. In a paragraph banner, the background color block extends across the width of the document and highlights the text within the banner. This is a great alternative to tables to organize and separate content.
For instructions on how to create paragraphbanners, go to Apply shading to words or paragraphs.
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Alt text helps people who cant see the screen to understand whats important in visual content. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos. In alt text, briefly describe the image and mention its intent. Screen readers read the text to describe the image to users who cant see the image.
Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information. If you must use an image with text in it, repeat that text in the document. In alt text, briefly describe the image and mention the existence of the text and its intent.
Tip:To write a good alt text, make sure to convey the content and the purpose of the image in a concise and unambiguous manner. The alt text shouldnt be longer than a short sentence or twomost of the time a few thoughtfully selected words will do. Do not repeat the surrounding textual content as alt text or use phrases referring to images, such as, "a graphic of" or "an image of." For more info on how to write alt text, go to Everything you need to know to write effective alt text.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to add alt text, go to Add alternative text to a shape, picture, chart, SmartArt graphic, or other object.
To find missing alttext, use theAccessibility Checker.
Notes:
For audio and video content, in addition to alt text, include closed captioning for people who are deaf or hard ofhearing.
Instead of grouping objects in a diagram, flatten the diagraminto a pictureand add alt text to the picture. If you group the objects, the child objects are still in the tab order with groups.
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People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," "Go here," or "Learn more." Instead include the full title of the destination page. You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink.
Tip:If the title on the hyperlink's destination page gives an accurate summary of whats on the page, use it for the hyperlink text. For example, this hyperlink text matches the title on the destination page: Create more with Microsoft templates.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to create accessible hyperlinks and ScreenTips, go to Create accessible links in WordandCreate or edit a hyperlink.
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An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a document, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the document.
For instructions on how to change the default font, go to Change the default font in Word.
Here are some ideas to consider:
To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri. Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines.
A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For example, add an underline to color-coded hyperlink text so that people who are colorblind know that the text is linked even if they cant see the color.
For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font.
Add shapes if color is used to indicate status. For example, add a checkmark symbol if green is used to indicate pass and an uppercase X if red indicates fail.
The text in your document should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.
Here are some ideas to consider:
To ensure that text displays well in a high contrast mode, usethe Automatic setting for font colors. For instructions on how to change the font color inWord, go toChange the font color.
Use the Accessibility Checkerto analyze the document and find insufficient color contrast. The tool now checks the documents for text color against page color, table cell backgrounds, highlight, textbox fill color, paragraph shading, shape and SmartArt fills, headers and footers, and links.
Use the Colour Contrast Analyser, a free app that analyzes colors and contrast, and displays results almost immediately.
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To make it easier for screen readers to read your document, organize the information in your document into small chunks such as bulleted or numbered lists.
Design lists so that you do not need to add a plain paragraph without a bullet or number to the middle of alist. If your list is broken up by a plain paragraph, some screen readers might announce the number of list items wrong. Also, the user might hear in the middle of the list that they are leaving the list.
See more here:
Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities
This guide provides step-by-step instructions and best practices to ensure your Word documents are accessible, making your content available to everyone.
Accessibility Assistant helps you to address accessibility issues as you write your document. It guides you on how to add an alt text to images, allowing people using screen readers to understand the image content. Additionally, it provides tips on using fonts, colors, and styles to make your Word documents more inclusive.
Note:Accessibility Assistant is now available exclusively for Microsoft Word on Windows. The features and instructions mentioned in this article apply only to the Windows version of Microsoft Word.
Check accessibility while you work in Word
Use accessible fontcolor
Add alt text to visuals
Use table headers
Avoid using fixed-width tables
Use the built-in title, subtitle, and heading styles
Create paragraph banners
Add accessible hyperlink text and screen Tips
Create accessible lists
Adjust space between sentences and paragraphs
Test accessibility with an Immersive Reader
The Accessibility Assistant is a tool that reviews your content and flags accessibility issues in your document. In Word, the Accessibility Assistant automatically runs in the background, detecting accessibility issues and sending reminders in the status bar.
Select Review and then Check Accessibility to open the accessibility pane, where you can review and fix accessibility issues.
To use the features described in this article, open a new document in Word or access an existing one.
The text in your document should be easy to read, with enough contrast against the background color.
Go to the Home tab or press Alt+H.
In the Font group, click the arrow next to Font Color.
To see only the colors that have enough contrast, select the High-contrast only and toggle to turn on high-contrast mode.
Notes:
When you hover over any color choice in the color picker, a tooltip will indicate whether the selected color has low or good contrast with the background.
The Accessibility Assistant flags text colors with poor contrast and provides suggestions to improve them.
Alt text helps users who are blind or have low vision understand the content of visual elements. These visual elements include pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos.
Click on the image, video, or any other visual content in the document.
Right-click on the visual content and select View Alt Text from the context menu.
In the right pane, select Alt Text, Type a description for the visual content in one or two sentences.
Note:If the visual content is decorative, then select the Mark as decorative checkbox
Tips:
Avoid using images with text to convey essential information. If you do, put the same text in the document.
Use alt text to briefly describe the image and text and why they are there.
Write an accurate and short alt text that explains the content and function of the image.
A few words are often enough. Don't write more than a sentence or two.
Don't repeat the text around the image; use "a graphic of" or "an image of."
For audio and video, use alt text and closed captions for those who are deaf or have a hearing disability.
Make diagrams into pictures and add alt text. Avoid grouping objects in diagrams, as they will remain in tab order.
Using fixed-width tables in Word files can cause several accessibility issues. They don't adjust well to different screen sizes or zoom levels, making content hard to read on mobile devices or when zooming in. Screen readers may struggle with the fixed structure, leading to confusion for people who are blind or have low vision.
Fixed-width tables can also cause text to overflow or get cut off, making it difficult to access all the information.
Additionally, because screen magnifiers only enlarge a portion of the screen, cutting off content or requiring excessive scrolling, users who use the screen magnifiers may find it challenging to view the content properly. For better accessibility, use flexible widths and ensure a clear table structure.
Use the built-in title and subtitle styles for your document's title and subtitle. These styles are designed to be easily scanned both visually and with assistive technology. Headings should provide a well-defined structure and serve as navigational landmarks
Select the text that you want to format as a title.
Click on the Home tab or press Alt+H.
Select the required style from the Styles group.
Note:Organize headings in the prescribed logical order; do not skip heading levels. For example, use Heading 1, Heading 2, and then Heading 3, rather than Heading 3, Heading 1, and then Heading 2.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to use the headings and styles, see:Improve accessibility with heading styles.
In Word, a paragraph banner is a visual element often used to emphasize or highlight a specific paragraph within a document. It typically consists of a horizontal line, or a decorative border placed above or below the paragraph.
This formatting technique helps draw attention to the paragraph, making it stand out from the surrounding text. Paragraph banners can be customized with different line styles, colors, and thicknesses to suit the document's design and purpose.
Select the text that you want to apply shading to.
Go to the Home tab.
Select the Shading button in the Paragraph group.
Open the Shading menu and choose the desired color from the options provided.
People who use screen readers have the option to scan a list of links in the document. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination. You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to create accessible hyperlinks and ScreenTips, go toCreate accessible links in WordandCreate or edit a hyperlink.
Highlight the text or picture that you want to add a link to.
Go to the Insert tab.
Click on the Hyperlink button or press Ctrl+K.
To link an existing file or web page:
To link a place in the same document:
Go to the "Link to" section and select Place in This Document.
A list of locations within the document will appear; from the list, select the Headings or Bookmarks that you want to link to.
Click on the Text to display and provide definitive and accurate information about the link destination, then select OK.
Note:Avoid using link texts such as click here, see this page, go here, or learn more. Instead, include the destination page's full title.
To make documents easier for screen readers, use small chunks like bulleted or numbered lists. Avoid plain paragraphs in the middle of lists to prevent confusion. This ensures accurate navigation and enhances readability for all users.
Place your cursor where you want to start the bulleted list.
Go to the Home tab or press Alt+H.
Click on the Bullets button in the Paragraph group.
Type your list items. Press Enter after each item to create a new bullet point.
Place your cursor where you want to start the numbered list.
Go to the Home tab or press Alt+H.
Click on the Numbering button in the Paragraph group.
Type your list items. Press Enter after each item to create a new numbered point.
Place your cursor where you want to start the multilevel list.
Go to the Home tab or press Alt+H.
Click on the MultilevelList button in the Paragraph group.
Choose the type of multilevel list you want to create from the list styles provided.
Type your list items. Press Enter after each item to create a new point. To create a sub-level item, press the Tab key before typing.
Text can appear to blend together on a page (the lines of text squeeze into each other). To make reading easier, you can increase the line spacing between sentences and add space before or after paragraphs.
Select one or more paragraphsto adjust the space.
Go to the Home tab or press Alt+H.
In the paragraphs group, click on the Line and Paragraph Spacing button.
Note:It is recommended to use a line spacing of 1.5 in the Word file.
From the dropdown menu, select the desired line and paragraph spacing.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to adjust the spacing, go toAdjust indents and spacing in Word.
Immersive Reader in Microsoft Word enhances readability with features like Read Aloud, Text Spacing, Syllable Breakdown, and Line Focus. Access it via the View tab and select Immersive Reader.
For more information, visit theUse Immersive Reader in Word.
Improve accessibility in your documents with the Accessibility Assistant
Get real-time notifications of accessibility issues while working on Microsoft 365 Apps
Everything you need to know to write effective alt text
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Make your Word documents accessible to everyone with Accessibility ...